References
- Allison, P. D. (1984). Event history analysis. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.10.4135/9781412984195
- Allison, P. D. (2001). Missing data. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
- Assink, M., van der Put, C. E., Hoeve, M., de Vries, S. L., Stams, G. J. J., & Oort, F. J. (2015). Risk factors for persistent delinquent behavior among juveniles: A meta-analytic review. Clinical Psychology Review, 42, 47-61. doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2015.08.002
- Baer, D., Bhati, A., Brooks, L., Castro, L., La Vigne, N., & Mallik-Kane, K., … Winterfield, L. (2006). Understanding the Challenges of Prisoner Reentry: Research Findings from the Urban Institute’s Prisoner Reentry Portfolio. Retrieved from The Urban Institute: http://www.urban.org/sites/default/files/alfresco/publication-pdfs/411289-Understanding-the-Challenges-of-Prisoner-Reentry.PDF
- Binswanger, I. A., Stern, M. F., Deyo, R. A., Heagerty, P. J., Cheadle, A., Elmore, J. G., & Koepsell, T. (2007). Release from prison—A high risk of death for former inmates. New England Journal of Medicine, 356, 157-165. doi:10.1056/NEJMsa064115
- Box-Steffensmeier, J., & Jones, B. S. (2004). Event history modeling. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.10.1017/CBO9780511790874
- Burt, M., Aron, L. Y., Lee, E., & Valente, J. (2001). Helping America’s homeless: Emergency shelter or affordable housing?. Washington, DC: Urban Institute.
- Burt, M. R. (1992). Over the edge: The growth of homelessness in the 1980s. New York, NY: Russell Sage.
- California Department of Corrections. (1997). Evaluation of preventing parolee failure program. Retrieved from National Criminal Justice Reference Services: https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/Digitization/180542NCJRS.pdf
- Carson, E. A. (2016). Prisoners in 2015. Retrieved from The Bureau of Justice Statistics: https://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/p15.pdf
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention. (2013). Healthy weight—It’s not a diet, it’s a lifestyle. Retrieved from Center for Disease Control and Prevention: http://www.cdc.gov/healthyweight/assessing/bmi/adult_bmi/index.html
- Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse. (2010). Behind bars II: Substance abuse and America’s prison population. Retrieved from Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse: http://www.casacolumbia.org/addiction-research/reports/substance-abuse-prison-system-2010
- Comfort, M. (2007). Punishment beyond the legal offender. Annual Review of Law and Social Science, 3, 271-296. doi:10.1146/annurev.lawsocsci.3.081806.112829
- Culhane, D. P., Dejowski, E. F., Ibañez, J., Needham, E., & Macchia, I. (1994). Public shelter admission rates in Philadelphia and New York City: The implications of turnover for sheltered population counts. Housing Policy Debate, 5, 107-140. doi:10.1080/10511482.1994.9521155
- Doll, H. A., Petersen, S., & Stewart-Brown, S. L. (2000). Obesity and physical emotional well-being: Associations between body mass index, chronic illness, and the physical and mental components of the SF-36 questionnaire. Obesity Research, 8, 160-170. doi:10.1038/oby.2000.17
- Geller, A., & Curtis, M. A. (2011). A Sort of Homecoming: Incarceration and the housing security of urban men. Social Science Research, 40, 1196-1213. doi:10.1016/j.ssresearch.2011.03.008
- Gowan, T. (2002). The nexus: Homelessness and incarceration in two American cities. Ethnography, 3, 500-534. doi:10.1177/1466138102003004007
- Gunnison, E., & Helfgott, J. B. (2011). Factors that hinder offender reentry success: A view from community corrections officers. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 55, 2877-2877. doi:10.1177/0306624X09360661
- Harding, D. J., Morenoff, J. D., & Herbert, C. (2013). Home is hard to find: Neighborhoods, institutions, and the residential trajectories of returning prisoners. The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 647, 214-236. doi:10.1177/0002716213477070
- Harding, D. J., Wyse, J. B., Dobson, C., & Morenoff, J. D. (2014). Making ends meet after prison. Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 33, 440-470. doi:10.1002/pam.21741
- Harlow, C. W. (2003). Education and correctional populations. Retrieved from The Bureau of Justice Statistics: http://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/ecp.pdf
- Helfgott, J. (1997). Ex-offender needs versus community opportunity in Seattle, Washington. Federal Probation, 61, 12-24. Retrieved from http://heinonline.org/HOL/Page?handle=hein.journals/fedpro61&div=28&g_sent=1&collection=journals
- Hombs, M. E. (2002). Massachusetts housing and shelter alliance’s research on corrections and homelessness. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the National Alliance to End Homelessness, Washington DC.
- James, D. J., & Glaze, L. E. (2006). Mental health problems of prison and jail inmates. Retrieved from The Bureau of Justice Statistics: http://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/mhppji.pdf
- Jolliffe, D., Farrington, D. P., Piquero, A. R., Loeber, R., & Hill, K. G. (2017). Systematic review of early risk factors for life-course-persistent, adolescence-limited, and late-onset offenders in prospective longitudinal studies. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 33, 15-23. doi:10.1016/j.avb.2017.01.009
- Knight, K. D., Simpson, D., & Morey, J. T. (2002). An evaluation of the TCU drug screen. Retrieved from National Criminal Justice Reference Services: https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/grants/196682.pdf
- Kushel, M. B., Hahn, J. A., Evans, J. L., Bangsberg, D. R., & Moss, A. R. (2005). Revolving doors: Imprisonment among the homeless and marginally housed population. American Journal of Public Health, 95, 1747-1752. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2005.065094
- Langan, P. A., & Levin, D. J. (2002). Recidivism of prisoners released in 1994. Retrieved from the Bureau of Justice Statistics: http://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/rpr94.pdf
- LaVigne, N. G., Visher, C., & Castro, J. (2004). Chicago prisoners’ experiences returning home. Retrieved from the Urban Institute: http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/311115_ChicagoPrisoners.pdf
- Lean, M. E. J., Han, T. S., & Seidell, J. C. (1999). Impairment of health and quality of life using new US federal guidelines for the identification of obesity. Archives of Internal Medicine, 159, 837-843. doi:10.1001/archinte.159.8.837
- Lee, B. A., Tyler, K. A., & Wright, J. D. (2010). The new homelessness revisited. Annual Review of Sociology, 36, 501-521. doi:10.1146/annurev-soc-070308-115940
- Leginski, W. (2003). The legacy of data in shaping homelessness policy. Retrieved from the Joint Statistical Meetings presentation for the American Statistical Association: http://www.amstat.org/sections/Srms/Proceedings/y2003/Files/JSM2003-000685.pdf
- Lutze, F. E., Rosky, J. W., & Hamilton, Z. K. (2014). Homelessness and reentry: A multisite outcome evaluation of Washington state’s reentry housing program for high risk offenders. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 41, 471-491. doi:10.1177/0093854813510164
- Massoglia, M. (2008a). Incarceration, health, and racial disparities in health. Law and Society Review, 42, 275-306. doi:10.1111/j.1540-5893.2008.00342.x
- Massoglia, M. (2008b). Incarceration as exposure: The prison, infectious disease, and other stress-related illnesses. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 49, 56-71. doi:10.1177/002214650804900105
- Massoglia, M., & Pridemore, W. A. (2015). Incarceration and health. Annual Review of Sociology, 41, 291-310. doi:10.1146/annurev-soc-073014-112326
- Massoglia, M., Remster, B., & King, R. D. (2011). Stigma or separation? Understanding the incarceration-divorce relationship. Social Forces, 90, 111-132. Retrieved from https://muse.jhu.edu/article/464019/summary
- Metraux, S. (2008). Examining relationships between receiving mental health services in the Pennsylvania prison system and time served. Psychiatric Services, 59, 800-802. doi:10.1176/ps.2008.59.7.800
- Metraux, S., & Culhane, D. P. (2004). Homeless shelter use and re-incarceration following prison release. Criminology and Public Policy, 3, 139-160. Retrieved from http://heinonline.org/HOL/Page?handle=hein.journals/crpp3&div=21&g_sent=1&collection=journals10.1111/cpp.2004.3.issue-2
- Metraux, S., Roman, C., & Cho, R. (2008). Incarceration and homelessness. In D. Dennis, G. Locke, & J. Khadduri (Eds.), Toward understanding homelessness: The 2007 national symposium on homelessness research (pp. 1-31). Washington DC: US Department of Housing and Urban Development.
- Mumola, C. J. (1999). Substance Abuse and Treatment, State and Federal Prisoners, 1999. Retrieved from the Bureau of Justics Statistics: http://bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov/content/pub/pdf/satsfp97.pdf.
- Nelson, M., Deess, P., & Allen, C. (1999). The first month out: Post-incarceration experiences in New York. New York, NY: Vera Institute of Justice. Retrieved from http://archive.vera.org/sites/default/files/resources/downloads/first_month_out.pdf
- Pager, D. (2003). The mark of a criminal record. American Journal of Sociology, 108, 937-975. doi:10.1086/374403
- Passero, Joanne. (1996). The unequal homeless: Men on the streets, women in their place. New York, NY: Routledge.
- Petersilia, J. (2003). When prisoners come home: Parole and prisoner reentry. Cambridge: Oxford University Press.
- Pettit, B., & Western, B. (2004). Mass imprisonment and the life course: Race and class inequality in U.S. incarceration. American Sociological Review, 69, 151-169. doi:10.1177/000312240406900201
- Pew Charitable Trusts. (2010). Philadelphia’s crowded, costly jails: The search for safe solutions. Retrieved from The Pew Charitable Trusts: http://www.pewtrusts.org/uploadedFiles/www.pewtrustsorg/Reports/Philadelphia_Research_Initiative/Philadelphias_Crowded_Costly_Jails_rev.pdf
- Pleggenkuhle, B., Huebner, B. M., & Kras, K. R. (2016). Solid start: Supportive housing, social support, and reentry transitions. Journal of Crime and Justice, 39(3), 380-397. doi:10.1080/0735648X.2015.1047465
- Poulin, S. R., Metraux, S., & Culhane, D. P. (2008). The history and future of homeless management information systems (HMIS). In R. H. Macnamara (Ed.), Homelessness in America (pp. 171-179). Westport, CT: Praeger
- Raphael, S. (2011). Incarceration and prisoner reentry in the United States. The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 635, 192-215. doi:10.1177/0002716210393321
- Richie, Beth. (2001). Challenges incarcerated women face as they return to their communities: Findings from life history interviews. Crime and Delinquency, 47, 368-389. doi:10.1177/0011128701047003005
- Rodriguez, N., & Brown, B. (2003). Preventing homelessness among people leaving prison. Retrieved from the Vera Institute of Justice: http://www.prisonpolicy.org/scans/vera/209_407.pdf
- Roman, C. G., & Travis, J. (2006). Where will I sleep tomorrow? Housing, homelessness, and the returning prisoner. Housing Policy Debate, 17, 389-418. doi:10.1080/10511482.2006.9521574
- Rossman, S., Sridharan, S., Gouvis, C., Buck, J., & Morley, E. (1999). Impact of the opportunity to succeed ( OPTS aftercare program for substance-abusing felons: Comprehensive final report). Washington, DC: The Urban Institute.
- Sampson, R. J., & Laub, J. H. (1997). A life-course theory of cumulative disadvantage and the stability of delinquency. In T, Thornberry (Ed.), Advances in criminological theory (pp. 1-29). New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction.
- Schnittker, J., & John, A. (2007). Enduring stigma: The long-term effects of incarceration on health. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 48, 115-130. doi:10.1177/002214650704800202
- Schnittker, J., Massoglia, M., & Uggen, C. (2012). Out and down: The effects of incarceration on psychiatric disorders and disability. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 53, 448-464. doi:10.1177/0022146512453928
- Shannon, S. K. S., Uggen, C., Schnittker, J., Thompson, M., Wakefield, S., & Massoglia, M. (2017). The growth, scope, and spatial distribution of people with felony records in the United States, 1948 to 2010. Demography, 54, 1795-1818. doi: 10.1007/s13524-017-0611-1
- Steiner, B., Makarios, M. D., & Travis, L. F. (2015). Examining the effects of residential situations and residential mobility on offender recidivism. Crime and Delinquency, 61, 375-401. doi:10.1177/0011128711399409
- Travis, J. (2005). But they all come back: Facing the challenges of prisoner reentry. Washington DC: Urban Institute.
- Tsai, J., & Rosenheck, R. A. (2012). Incarceration among chronically homeless adults: Clinical correlates and outcomes. Journal of Forensic Psychology Practice, 12, 307-324. doi:10.1080/15228932.2012.695653
- Uggen, C., Manza, J., & Thompson, M. (2006). Citizenship, democracy, and the civic reintegration of criminal offenders. The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 605, 281-310. doi:10.1177/0002716206286898
- Urban Institute Justice Policy Center. (n.d.). The studies. Retrieved from http://www.urban.org/policy-centers/justice-policy-center/projects/returning-home-study/studies
- Visher, C. A., & Travis, J. (2003). Transitions from prison to community: Understanding individual pathways. Annual Review of Sociology, 29, 89-113. doi:10.1146/annurev.soc.29.010202.095931
- Wakefield, S., & Uggen, C. (2010). Incarceration and stratification. Annual Review of Sociology, 36, 387-406. doi:10.1146/annurev.soc.012809.102551
- Warner, C. (2015). On the move: Incarceration, race, and residential mobility. Social Science Research, 52, 451-464. doi:10.1016/j.ssresearch.2015.03.009
- Western, B. (2002). The impact of incarceration on wage mobility and inequality. American Sociological Review, 67, 526-546. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/3088944?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents10.2307/3088944
- Western, B., Braga, A. A., Davis, J., & Sirois, C. (2015). Stress and hardship after prison. American Journal of Sociology, 120, 1512-1547. doi:10.1086/681301
- Western, B., & Wildeman, C. (2009). The black family and mass incarceration. The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 621, 221-242. doi:10.1177/0002716208324850
- Wheelock, D., & Uggen, C. (2008). Race, poverty and punishment: The impact of criminal sanctions on racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic inequality. In D. Harris & A. C. Lin (Eds.), The colors of poverty: Why racial and ethnic disparities persist (pp. 261-292). New York, NY: Russell Sage.
- Yahner, J., Visher, C., & Solomon, A. (2008). Returning home on parole: Former prisoners’ experiences in Illinois, Ohio, and Texas. Retrieved from the Urban Institute: http://www.urban.org/sites/default/files/alfresco/publication-pdfs/411744-Returning-Home-on-Parole-Former-Prisoners-Experiences-in-Illinois-Ohio-and-Texas.PDF