581
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Articles

Recidivism among People Convicted of Gun Offenses: A Call to Better Leverage Reentry Resources to Decrease Gun Violence

&
Pages 791-812 | Received 14 Feb 2022, Accepted 26 Oct 2022, Published online: 07 Nov 2022

References

  • Andrews, D. A., & Bonta, J. (2010). The psychology of criminal conduct (5th ed.). New Providence, NJ: LexisNexis Matthew Bender.
  • Andrews, D. A., Bonta, J., & Hoge, R. D. (1990). Classification for effective rehabilitation: Rediscovering psychology. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 17(1), 19–52. https://doi.org/10.1177/0093854890017001004
  • Antenangeli, L., & Durose, M. R. (2021). Recidivism of prisoners released in 24 states in 2008: A 10-year follow-up period (2008-2018). Washington, D.C: Bureau of Justice Statistics.
  • Barragan, M., Sherman, N., Reiter, K., & Tita, G. E. (2016). Damned if you do, damned if you don’t” perceptions of guns, safety, and legitimacy among detained gun offenders. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 43(1), 140–155. https://doi.org/10.1177/0093854815611707
  • Berk, R. (2011). Asymmetric loss functions for forecasting in criminal justice settings. Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 27(1), 107–123. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10940-010-9098-2
  • Blumstein, A., & Cohen, J. (1979). Estimation of individual crime rates from arrest records. The Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology (1973-), 70(4), 561–585. https://doi.org/10.2307/1142642
  • Braga, A. A. (2003). Serious youth gun offenders and the epidemic of youth violence in Boston. Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 19(1), 33–54. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022566628159
  • Braga, A. A. (2008). Pulling levers focused deterrence strategies and the prevention of gun homicide. Journal of Criminal Justice, 36(4), 332–343. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2008.06.009
  • Braga, A. A., Apel, R., & Welsh, B. C. (2013). The spillover effects of focused deterrence on gang violence. Evaluation Review, 37(3-4), 314–342.
  • Braga, A. A., Hureau, D., & Winship, C. (2008). Losing faith? Police, black churches, and the resurgence of youth violence in Boston. Ohio St J Crim Law, 6, 141–172.
  • Braga, A. A., Papachristos, A. V., & Hureau, D. M. (2010). The concentration and stability of gun violence at micro places in Boston, 1980–2008. Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 26(1), 33–53. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10940-009-9082-x
  • Braga, A. A., & Pierce, G. L. (2005). Disrupting illegal firearms markets in Boston: The effects of Operation Ceasefire on the supply of new handguns to criminals. Criminology & Public Policy, 4(4), 717–748. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-9133.2005.00353.x
  • Broome, K. M., Knight, D. K., Knight, K., Hiller, M. L., & Simpson, D. D. (1997). Peer, family, and motivational influences on drug treatment process and recidivism for probationers. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 53(4), 387–397. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-4679(199706)53:4<387::AID-JCLP12>3.0.CO;2-C
  • Butts, J. A., Roman, C. G., Bostwick, L., & Porter, J. R. (2015). Cure violence: A public health model to reduce gun violence. Annual Review of Public Health, 36, 39–53.
  • Cohen, J., & Ludwig, J. (2003). Policing crime guns. Evaluating Gun Policy: Effects on Crime and Violence, 217, 217–218.
  • Cook, P. J., & Blose, J. (1981). State programs for screening handgun buyers. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 455(1), 80–91. https://doi.org/10.1177/000271628145500108
  • Cook, P. J., & Laub, J. (2002). After the epidemic: Recent trends in youth violence in the United States. Crime and Justice, 29, 1–37. https://doi.org/10.1086/652218
  • Decker, S. H. (1996). Collective and normative features of gang violence. Justice Quarterly, 13(2), 243–264. https://doi.org/10.1080/07418829600092931
  • Duwe, G. (2018). The effects of the timing and dosage of correctional programming on recidivism. Journal of Offender Rehabilitation, 57(3-4), 256–271. https://doi.org/10.1080/10509674.2017.1401025
  • Gendreau, P., Smith, P., & French, S. A. (2006). The theory of effective correctional intervention: Empirical status and future directions. In F. Cullen, J. Wright, & M. Coleman (Eds.), Taking stock: The status of criminological theory (pp. 419–446). New York, NY: Transaction Press.
  • Huebner, B. M., Varano, S. P., & Bynum, T. S. (2007). Gangs, guns, and drugs: Recidivism among serious, young offenders. Criminology & Public Policy, 6(2), 187–221. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-9133.2007.00429.x
  • Keil, S., Beardslee, J., Schubert, C., Mulvey, E., & Pardini, D. (2020). Perceived gun access and gun carrying among male adolescent offenders. Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice, 18(2), 179–195.
  • Kennedy, D. M. (1996). Pulling levers: Chronic offenders, high-crime settings, and a theory of prevention. Val. UL Rev, 31, 449.
  • Kyckelhahn, T., Sharpe, S., & Kerbel, A. (2021). Recidivism of federal firearms offender. Washington, D.C: United States Sentencing Commission.
  • Lane, M. A., Cunningham, S. D., & Ellen, J. M. (2004). The intention of adolescents to carry a knife or a gun: A study of low-income African American adolescents. The Journal of Adolescent Health: Official Publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine, 34(1), 72–78. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1054-139x(03)00182-4
  • Lizotte, A. J., Krohn, M. D., Howell, J. C., Tobin, K., & Howard, G. J. (2000). Factors influencing gun carrying among young urban males over the adolescent‐young adult life course. Criminology, 38(3), 811–834. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-9125.2000.tb00907.x
  • Looman, J., & Abracen, J. (2013). The risk need responsivity model of offender rehabilitation: Is there really a need for a paradigm shift? International Journal of Behavioral Consultation and Therapy, 8(3-4), 30–36. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0100980
  • Lovins, B., Lowenkamp, C. T., & Latessa, E. J. (2009). Applying the risk principle to sex offenders. The Prison Journal, 89(3), 344–357. https://doi.org/10.1177/0032885509339509
  • Makarios, M. D., & Pratt, T. C. (2012). The effectiveness of policies and programs that attempt to reduce firearm violence: A meta-analysis. Crime & Delinquency, 58(2), 222–244. https://doi.org/10.1177/0011128708321321
  • Makarios, M., Sperber, K. G., & Latessa, E. J. (2014). Treatment dosage and the risk principle: A refinement and extension. Journal of Offender Rehabilitation, 53(5), 334–350. https://doi.org/10.1080/10509674.2014.922157
  • Maltz, M. D. (1984). Orlando, FL: Recidivism. Academic Press.
  • McClanahan, W. S., Kauh, T. J., Manning, A. E., Campos, P., & Farley, C. (2012). Illuminating solutions: The youth violence reduction partnership. Philadelphia, PA: Public/Private Ventures.
  • McDowall, D., Loftin, C., & Wiersema, B. (1992). Comparative study of the preventive effects of mandatory sentencing laws for gun crimes. The Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology (1973-), 83(2), 378–394. https://doi.org/10.2307/1143862
  • McDermott, B. E., Edens, J. F., Quanbeck, C. D., Busse, D., & Scott, C. L. (2008). Examining the role of static and dynamic risk factors in the prediction of inpatient violence: Variable- and person-focused analyses. Law and Human Behavior, 32(4), 325–338.
  • Moore, D. C., Yoneda, Z. T., Powell, M., Howard, D. L., Jahangir, A. A., Archer, K. R., Ehrenfeld, J. M., Obremskey, W. T., & Sethi, M. K. (2013). Gunshot victims at a major level I trauma center: A study of 343,866 emergency department visits. The Journal of Emergency Medicine, 44(3), 585–591. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jemermed.2012.07.058
  • Office of Juvenile Justice Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) (1999). Promising Strategies to Reduce Gun Violence. Washington, D.C: Office of Justice Programs.
  • Ostermann, M., Hyatt, J. M., & DeWitt, S. E. (2020). The influence of technical violation revocations on parole efficacy: Employing competing risks survival analyses to address methodological challenges. Journal of Crime and Justice, 43(3), 323–341. https://doi.org/10.1080/0735648X.2019.1676817
  • Ostermann, M., Salerno, L. M., & Hyatt, J. M. (2015). How different operationalizations of recidivism impact conclusions of effectiveness of parole supervision. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 52(6), 771–796. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022427815580626
  • Papachristos, A. V., Meares, T. L., & Fagan, J. (2007). Attention felons: Evaluating project safe neighborhoods in Chicago. Journal of Empirical Legal Studies, 4(2), 223–272. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1740-1461.2007.00096.x
  • Papalia, N., Spivak, B., Daffern, M., & Ogloff, J. R. P. (2019). A meta‐analytic review of the efficacy of psychological treatments for violent offenders in correctional and forensic mental health settings. Clinical Psychology, 26(2), 1–28.
  • Ragusa-Salerno, L. M., Ostermann, M., & Thomas, S. S. (2013). Does the LSI-R have utility for sex offenders? Criminal Justice and Behavior, 40(9), 952–969. https://doi.org/10.1177/0093854813481667
  • Raphael, S., & Ludwig, J. (2003). Prison sentence enhancements: The case of Project Exile. In J. Ludwig & P. J. Cook (Eds.), Evaluating gun policy: Effects on crime and violence (pp. 251–286). Washington, D.C: Brookings Institution Press.
  • Roehl, J., Rosenbaum, D., Costello, S. K., Coldren, J., Schuck, A., Kunard, L., & Forde, D. (2008). Paving the way for project safe neighborhoods: SACSI in 10 US cities. National Institute of Justice Research in Brief, https://www.ojp.gov/pdffiles1/nij/216298.pdf
  • Saunders, J., Ober, A. J., Kilmer, B., & Greathouse, S. M. (2016). A community-based, focused-deterrence approach to closing overt drug markets. Santa Monica, CA: RAND.
  • Sheppard, D., Grant, H., Rowe, W., Jacobs, N. (2000). Fighting Juvenile Gun Violence. September. https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/ojjdp/182679.pdf
  • Sheppard, D., & Kelly, P. (2002). Juvenile gun courts: Promoting accountability and providing treatment. NCJ-187078. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, Washington, D.C: United States Department of Justice.
  • Sherman, L. W., & Rogan, D. P. (1995). Effects of gun seizures on gun violence: “Hot spots” patrol in Kansas City. Justice Quarterly, 12(4), 673–693. https://doi.org/10.1080/07418829500096241
  • Smith, P., Gendreau, P., & Swartz, K. (2009). Validating the principles of effective intervention: A systematic review of the contributions of meta-analysis in the field of corrections. Victims & Offenders, 4(2), 148–169. https://doi.org/10.1080/15564880802612581
  • Spano, R., & Bolland, J. M. (2011). Is the nexus of gang membership, exposure to violence, and violent behavior a key determinant of first time gun carrying for urban minority youth? Justice Quarterly, 28(6), 838–862. https://doi.org/10.1080/07418825.2010.547868
  • Spano, R., Pridemore, W. A., & Bolland, J. (2012). Specifying the role of exposure to violence and violent behavior on initiation of gun carrying: A longitudinal test of three models of youth gun carrying. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 27(1), 158–176.
  • Sperber, K. G., Latessa, E. J., & Makarios, M. D. (2013a). Examining the interaction between level of risk and dosage of treatment. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 40(3), 338–348. https://doi.org/10.1177/0093854812467942
  • Sperber, K. G., Latessa, E. J., & Makarios, M. D. (2013b). Establishing a risk-dosage research agenda: Implications for policy and practice. Justice Research and Policy, 15(1), 123–141. https://doi.org/10.3818/JRP.15.1.2013.123
  • Spohn, C., & Holleran, D. (2002). The effect of imprisonment on recidivism rates of felony offenders: A focus on drug offenders. Criminology, 40(2), 329–358. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-9125.2002.tb00959.x
  • StataCorp (2021). Stata 17 Base Reference Manual. College Station, TX: Stata Press.
  • Swanson, J. (2013). Mental illness and new gun law reforms: The promise and peril of crisis-driven policy. JAMA, 309(12), 1233–1234. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2013.1113
  • Vigdor, E. R., & Mercy, J. A. (2006). Do laws restricting access to firearms by domestic violence offenders prevent intimate partner homicide? Evaluation Review, 30(3), 313–346.
  • Viglione, J. (2019). The Risk-Need-Responsivity Model: How Do Probation Officers Implement the Principles of Effective Intervention? Criminal Justice and Behavior, 46(5), 655–673. https://doi.org/10.1177/0093854818807505
  • Wakeling, H. C., Mann, R. E., & Carter, A. J. (2012). Do Low-risk Sexual Offenders Need Treatment? The Howard Journal of Criminal Justice, 51(3), 286–299. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2311.2012.00718.x
  • Wallace, D., Papachristos, A. V., Meares, T., & Fagan, J. (2016). Desistance and Legitimacy: The Impact of Offender Notification Meetings on Recidivism among High Risk Offenders. Justice Quarterly, 33(7), 1237–1264. https://doi.org/10.1080/07418825.2015.1081262
  • Ward, T., Melser, J., & Yates, P. M. (2007). Reconstructing the risk-need-responsivity model: A theoretical elaboration and evaluation. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 12(2), 208–228. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2006.07.001
  • Wheeler, A. P., Worden, R. E., & Silver, J. R. (2019). The Accuracy of the Violent Offender Identification Directive Tool to Predict Future Gun Violence. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 46(5), 770–788. https://doi.org/10.1177/0093854818824378
  • Wilkinson, D. L., & Fagan, J. (2001). What we know about gun use among adolescents. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 4(2), 109–132.
  • Wintemute, G. J. (2015). The epidemiology of firearm violence in the twenty-first century United States. Annual Review of Public Health, 36, 5–19. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-publhealth-031914-122535
  • Wintemute, G. J., Drake, C. M., Beaumont, J. J., Wright, M. A., & Parham, C. A. (1998). Prior misdemeanor convictions as a risk factor for later violent and firearm-related criminal activity among authorized purchasers of handguns. JAMA, 280(24), 2083–2087. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.280.24.2083
  • Wintemute, G. J., Wright, M. A., Drake, C. M., & Beaumont, J. J. (2001). Subsequent criminal activity among violent misdemeanants who seek to purchase handguns: risk factors and effectiveness of denying handgun purchase. JAMA, 285(8), 1019–1026. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.285.8.1019
  • Wright, J. D., & Rossi, P. H. (1986). Armed and considered dangerous: A survey of felons and their weapons. Washington, D.C: Aldine de Gruyter.
  • Wright, M. A., Wintemute, G. J., & Rivara, F. P. (1999). Effectiveness of denial of handgun purchase to persons believed to be at high risk for firearm violence. American Journal of Public Health, 89(1), 88–90.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.