Rat Cardiac Calcium Channels and their Relationships with β-Adrenergic and Muscarinic Receptors in Hypothyroidism

References

• Janis R, Sarmiento J, Maurer S, Bolger G, Triggle D. Characteristics of the binding of [3H]-nitrendipine binding to rabbit ventricular membranes; modification by other Ca2+ channel agonist Bay K 8644. J Pharmacol Exp Therap 1984; 231: 8–15
   Google Scholar
• Weir W. Cytoplasmic [Ca2+] in mammalian ventricle: dynamic control by cellular processes. Annu Rev Physiol 1990; 52: 467–485
   Google Scholar
• Schultz G, Rosenthal W, Hescheler J, Trautwein W. Regulation of cardiac L-type calcium current by phosphorylation and G proteins. Annu Rev Physiol 1990; 52: 275–292
   Google Scholar
• Trautwein W, Heschler J. Regulation of cardiac L-type calcium current by phosphorylation and G proteins. Annu Rev Physiol 1990; 52: 257–274
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown A, Birnbaumer L. Ionic channels and their regulation by G protein subunits. Annu Rev Physiol 1990; 52: 197–213
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Szabo G, Otero A. G protein mediated regulation of K+ channels in heart. Annu Rev Physiol 1990; 52: 293–305
   Google Scholar
• MacKinnon R, Morgan J. Influence of the thyroid state on the calcium transient in ventricular muscle. Pflugers Arch 1986; 407: 140–144
   Google Scholar
• Levey G, Klein I. Catecholamine-thyroid hormone interactions and the cardiovascular manifestations of hyperthyroidism. Am J Medicine 1990; 88: 642–646
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Binah O, Rubinstein I, Gilat E. Effects of thyroid hormone on the potential and membrane currents of guinea pig ventricular myocytes. Pflugers Arch 1987; 409: 214–216
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klein I. Thyroid hormone and the cardiovascular system. Am J Medicine 1990; 88: 631–637
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dillman W. The cardiovascular system in thyrotoxicosis. Werner and Ingbar's The Thyroid. sixth ed., L Braverman, R Utiger. J B Lippincott Co., NY, NY 1991; 759–770
   Google Scholar
• Dillman W. The cardiovascular system in hypothyroidism. Werner and Ingbar's The Thyroid. sixth ed., L Braverman, R Utiger. J B Lippincott Co., NY, NY 1991; 1002–1008
   Google Scholar
• Kim D, Smith T, Marsh J. Effect of thyroid hormone on slow calcium channel function in cultured chick ventricular cells. J Clin Invest 1987; 80: 88–94
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gristwood R, Rothaul A. The ex-vivo effects of thyroid status and extracellular calcium concentration on rat atrial and ventricular electrophysiology. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 1988; 66: 90–94
   Google Scholar
• Roti E, Montermivi M, Roti S, Gardini E, Robuschi G, Minelli R, Salvi M, Bentivoglio M, Guiducci U. The effect of diltiazem, a calcium channel-blocking drug, on cardiac rate and rhythm in hyperthyroid patients. Arch Intern Med 1988; 148: 1919–1921
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Clozel J, Danchin N, Genton P, Thomas J, Cherrier F. Effects of propranolol and of verapamil on heart rate and blood pressure in hyperthyroidism. Clin Pharmacol Therap 1984; 36: 64–69
   Google Scholar
• Milner M, Gelman K, Phillips R, Fuster V, Davies T, Goldman M. Double-blind crossover trial of diltiazem versus propranolol in the management of thyrotoxic symptoms. Pharmacotherapy 1990; 10: 100–106
   Google Scholar
• Gay R, Gustafson T, Goldman S, Morkin E. Effects of L-thyroxine in rats with chronic heart failure after myocardial infarction. Am J Physiol 1990; 253: H341–H346
   Google Scholar
• Dyke C M., Yeh T, Jr, Lehman J D., Abd-Elfattah A, Ding M, Weschler A S., Salter D R. Triiodothyronine-enhanced left ventricular function after ischemic injury. Ann Thorac Surg 1991; 52: 14–19
   Google Scholar
• Novitsky D, Cooper D, Chaffin J, Greer A, DeBault L, Zuhdi N. Improved cardiac allograft function following triiodothyronine therapy to both donor and recipient. Transplantation 1990; 49: 311–316
   Google Scholar
• Felzen B, Rubinstein I, Lotan R, Binah O. Developmental changes in ventricular action potential properties in guinea pigs are modulated by age-related changes in the thyroid state. J Mol Cell Cardiol 1991; 23: 787–794
   Google Scholar
• Hawthorn M, Gengo P, Wei X -Y, Rutledge A, Moran J F., Gallant S, Triggle D J. Effect of thyroid status on beta-adrenoceptors and calcium channels in rat cardiac and vascular tissue. Naunyn-Smiedeberg's Arch Pharmacol 1991; 337: 539–44
   Google Scholar
• Kenakin T. The classification of drugs receptors in isolated tissues. Pharmacol Rev 1984; 36: 165–222
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bradford M M. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein dye binding. Anal Biochem 1976; 72: 248–53
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bolger T, Gengo R, Klockowski R, Luchowski E, Siegel H, Janis R. Characterization of binding of the Ca2+ channel antagonist [3H]-nitrendipine, to guinea pig ileal smooth muscle. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1983; 225: 291–301
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jim K, Bolger T, Triggle D, Lambrecht G. Muscarinic receptors in guinea pig ileum. A study by agonist–[3H]-labelled antagonist competition. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 1982; 60: 1707–14
   Google Scholar
• Tallarida R, Murray R. Manual of Pharmacologic Calculations. second ed. Springer Publications, NY, NY 1986
   Google Scholar
• Munson J, Rodbard D. LIGAND: a versatile computerized approach for characterization of ligand binding systems. Anal Biochem 1980; 107: 220–239
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stratta P, Canavese C, Gurioli L, Porcu M, Todros T, Mattone G C., Fianchino O, Gagliardi L, Vercellone A. Ratio between aldosterone and atrial natriurectic peptide in pregnancy. Kidney International 1989; 36: 908–914
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Freedman S, Harley E, Iversen L. Biochemical measurement of muscarinic receptor efficacy and its role in receptor regulation. Trends Pharmacol Sci Suppl, Subtypes of Muscarinic Receptors III Feb 1988. 1988; 54–60
   Google Scholar
• Fox A, Juberg E, May J, Johnson R, Abel P, Minneman K. Thyroid status and adrenergic receptor subtypes in the rat: comparison of receptor density and responsiveness. J Pharmacol Exp Therap 1985; 235: 715–723
   Google Scholar
• Liggett S, Shah S, Cryer P. Increased fat and skeletal muscle β-adrenergic receptors but unaltered metabolic and hemodynamic sensitivity to epinephrine in vivo in experimental human thyrotoxicosis. J Clin Invest 1989; 83: 803–809
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sharma V, Banerjee S. Muscarinic cholinergic receptors in rat heart. Effect of thyroidectomy. J Biol Chem 1977; 252: 7444–46
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robberecht P, Waelbroeck M, Claeys M, Huu A, Chatelain P, Christophe J. Rat cardiac muscarinic receptors II. Influence of thyroid status and cardiac hypertrophy. Mol Pharmacol 1982; 21: 589–593
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ishac E, Pennefather J. The effects of altered thyroid state upon responses mediated by atrial muscarinic receptors in the rat. Br J Pharmacol 1983; 79: 451–459
   Google Scholar
• Beekman R, van Hardeveld C, Simonides W. On the mechanism of the reduction by thyroid hormone of β-adrenergic relaxation rate stimulation in rat heart. Biochem J 1989; 259: 229–236
   Google Scholar