Interaction of Nutrients and Turbidity in the Control of Phytoplankton in a Large Western Canadian Lake Prior to Major Watershed Impoundments

References

• APHA. 1960 . Standard methods for the examination of Water and Wastewater Washington , D.C. : American Public Health Association .
   Google Scholar
• Ashley , K. , Thompson , L. C. , Lasenby , D. C. , McEachern , L. , Smokorowski , K. E. and Sebastian , D. 1997 . Restoration of an interior lake ecosystem: the Kootenay Lake Fertilization Experiment. . Water Qual. Res. J. Can. , 32 : 295 – 323 .
   Google Scholar
• Ashley , K. , Thompson , L. C. , Sebastian , D. , Lasenby , D. C. , Smokorowski , K. E. and Andrusak , H. 1999 . “ Restoration of kokanee salmon in Kootenay Lake, a large intermontane lake, by controlled seasonal additions of nutrients. ” . In Aquatic Restoration in Canada Ecovision World Monograph Series Edited by: Murphy , T. and Munawar , M. 127 – 170 . Leiden , , Netherlands : Backhuys Publishers .
   Google Scholar
• Cloern , J. E. 1976 . Recent limnological changes in southern Kootenay Lake, British Columbia. . Can. J. Zool. , 54 : 1571 – 1578 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Daley , R. J. and Pick , F. R. 1990 . Phytoplankton biomass and composition of Kootenay Lake, British Columbia, following reductions in phosphorus loading. . Int. Verh. Theor. Angew. Limnol. Verh. , 24 : 314 – 318 .
   Google Scholar
• Daley , R. J. , Carmack , E. C. , Gray , C. B.J. , Pharo , C. H. , Jasper , S. and Wiegland , R. C. 1981 . The effects of upstream impoundments on the limnology of Kootenay Lake , B.C. Scientific Series No. 117 98 Vancouver : B.C. Environment Canada Water Research Institute, Inland Waters Directorate .
   Google Scholar
• Fraker , S. B. and Brischle , H. A. 1944 . Measuring the local distribution of Ribes. . Ecology , 25 : 283 – 303 .
   Google Scholar
• Goldman , C. R. 2000 . Four decades of change in two subalpine lakes. . Verh. Internat. Verein. Limnol. , 27 : 7 – 26 .
   Google Scholar
• Jasper , S. , Carmack , E. C. , Daley , R. J. , Gray , C. B.J. , Pharo , C. H. , Jasper , S. and Wiegland , R. C. 1983 . Primary productivity in a large temperate lake with river inflow: Kootenay Lake, British Columbia. . Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. , 40 : 319 – 327 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jones , D. and Wills , M. S. 1956 . The attenuation of light in the sea and estuarine waters in relation to the concentration of suspended solid matter. . J. Mar. Biol. Assoc., U.K. , 35 : 431 – 444 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lasenby , D. C. , Northcote , T. G. and Fürst. , M. 1986 . The theory, practice and effects of Mysis relicta introductions to North America and Scandinavian lakes. . Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. , 43 : 1277 – 1284 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lehman , J. T. 1991 . Interacting growth and loss rates: the balance of top-down and bottom-up controls in plankton communities. . Limnol. Oceanogr. , 36 : 1546 – 1554 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martin , A. D. and Northcote , T. G. 1991 . Kootenay Lake: an inappropriate model for Mysis relicta introduction in north temperate lakes. . Amer. Fish. Soc. Symp. , 9 : 23 – 29 .
   Google Scholar
• Mazumder , A. , Taylor , W. D. , McQueen , D. J. and Lean , D. R.S. 1990 . Effects of fish and plankton on lake temperature and mixing depth. . Science , 247 : 312 – 315 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McGinnis , W. G. 1934 . The relation between frequency index and abundance as applied to plant populations in a semi-arid region. . Ecology , 15 : 263 – 282 .
   Google Scholar
• McNabb , C. D. 1960 . Enumeration of freshwater phytoplankton concentrated on the membrane filter. . Limnol. Oceanogr. , 5 : 57 – 61 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nichols , H. W. 1973 . “ Growth media — freshwaters. ” . In Handbook of phycological methods Edited by: Stein , J. R. 7 – 24 . Cambridge , , U.K. : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Northcote , T. G. 1952 . An analysis of variation in the quantitative sampling of bottom fauna in lakes Department of Zoology, The University of British Columbia . MS Thesis
   Google Scholar
• Northcote , T. G. 1972a . Some effects of mysid introduction and nutrient enrichment on a large oligotrophic lake and its salmonids. . Verh. Internat. Verein. Limnol. , 18 : 1096 – 1106 .
   Google Scholar
• Northcote , T. G. 1972b . Man and Kootenay Lake salmonoids. . J. Fish. Res. Board Can. , 29 : 861 – 865 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Northcote , T. G. 1973 . Some impacts of man on Kootenay Lake and its salmonoids , Great Lakes Fishery Commission Technical Report No. 25 46
   Google Scholar
• Northcote , T. G. 1991 . Success, problems, and control of introduced mysid populations in lakes and reservoirs. . Am. Fish. Soc. Symp. , 9 : 5 – 16 .
   Google Scholar
• Northcote , T. G. and Hartman , G. F. 1988 . The biology and significance of stream trout populations (Salmo spp. . living above and below waterfalls. Pol. Arch. Hydrobiol. , 35 : 409 – 442 .
   Google Scholar
• Northcote , T. G. , Fillion , D. B. , Salter , S. P. and Ennis , G. L. 1999 . Interactions of nutrients and turbidity in the control of phytoplankton in Kootenay Lake, British Columbia, Canada 1964 to 1966 , Columbia Basin Fish & Wildlife Compensation Program Report. 102
   Google Scholar
• Okuda , S. , Imberger , J. and Kumagai , M. 1995 . Physical processes in a large lake: Lake Biwa, Japan , Coastal Estuarine Studies 48. Washington , D.C. : Am Geophys. Union .
   Google Scholar
• Pick , F. R. and Lean , D. R.S. 1987 . The role of macronutrients (C, N, P) in controlling cyanobacterial dominance in temperate lakes. . N. Z. J. Mar. Freshw. Res. , 21 : 425 – 434 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rae , R. M. , Pick , F. R. , Hamilton , P. B. and Ashley , K. I. 1997 . Effects of fertilization on phytoplankton in Kootenay Lake, British Columbia. . Lake Reserv. Manag , 13 : 57 – 66 .
   Google Scholar
• Reynolds , C. S. 1984 . The ecology of freshwater phytoplankton 384 Cambridge , , UK : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Sparrow , R. A.H. , Larkin , P. A. and Rutherglen , R. A. 1964 . Successful introduction of Mysis relicta Lowen into Kootenay Lake, British Columbia. . J. Fish. Res. Board Can. , 21 : 1325 – 1327 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Strickland , J. D.H. 1960 . Measuring the production of marine phytoplankton . Bull. Fish. Res. Board Can. , : 122 172
   Google Scholar
• Sverdrup , H. U. 1953 . On conditions for the vernal blooming of phytoplankton. . J. Cons. Explor Mer. , 18 : 287 – 295 .
   Google Scholar
• Talling , J. F. 1957 . Photosynthetic characteristics of some freshwater plankton diatoms in relation to underwater radiation. . New Phytol. , 56 : 29 – 49 .
   Google Scholar
• Taylor , K. G. 1972 . Limnological studies on Kootenay Lake, British Columbia, Canada 249 Pullman , , USA : Washington State University . PhD Thesis
   Google Scholar
• Tilzer , M. , Goldman , C. R. and Richards , R. C. 1976 . Influence of sediment inflow on phytoplankton primary productivity in Lake Tahoe. . Int. Rev. Gesamt. Hydrobiol. , 61 : 169 – 181 .
   Google Scholar
• Verduin , J. 1965 . Phytoplankton and turbidity in Western Lake Erie. . Ecology. , 35 : 550 – 561 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yin , K. , Harrison , P. J. and Beamish , R. J. 1997 . Effects of a fluctuation in Fraser River discharge on primary production in the central Strait of Georgia, British Columbia, Canada. . Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. , 54 : 1015 – 1024 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zyblut , E. R. 1970 . Long-term changes in the limnology and macrozooplankton of a large British Columbia lake. . J. Fish. Res. Board Can. , 27 : 1239 – 1250 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar