2,853
Views
2
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Major Articles

Mental health stigma among college students: Test of an interactive online intervention

, MA, , PharmD & , Ph.D.
Pages 1831-1838 | Received 22 May 2019, Accepted 13 Sep 2020, Published online: 13 Oct 2020

References

  • Kessler RC, Aguilar-Gaxiola S, Alonso J, et al. The global burden of mental disorders: an update from the WHO World Mental Health (WMH) Surveys. Epidemiol Psichiatr Soc. 2009;18(1):23–33. doi:10.1017/S1121189X00001421.
  • National Institute of Mental Health. Prevalence of Mental Illness (AMI) among U.S. Adults; 2015. https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/statistics/prevalence/any-mental-illness-ami-among-us-adults.shtml. Accessed March 6, 2019.
  • Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality. Key Substance Use and Mental Health Indicators in the United States: Results from the 2015 National Survey on Drug Use and Health; 2016. HHS Publication No. SMA 16-4984, NSDUH Series H-51. http://www.samhsa.gov/data/. Accessed April 29, 2019.
  • Kessler RC, Angermeyer M, Anthony JC, et al. Lifetime prevalence and age-of onset distributions of mental disorders in the World Health Organization’s World Mental Health Survey Initiative. World Psychiatry. 2007;6(3):168–176.,
  • Mendenhall AN, Frauenholtz S, Conrad-Hiebner A. Provider perceptions of mental health literacy among youth. Child Adolesc Soc Work J. 2014;31(3):281–293. doi:10.1007/s10560-013-0321-5.
  • Arria AM, Winick ER, Garnier-Dykstra LM, et al. Help seeking and mental health service utilization among college students with a history of suicide ideation. Psychiatr Serv. 2011;62(12):1510–1513. doi:10.1176/appi.ps.005562010.
  • Coles ME, Coleman SL. Barriers to treatment seeking for anxiety disorders: initial data on the role of mental health literacy. Depress Anxiety. 2010;27(1):63–71. doi:10.1002/da.20620.
  • Corrigan P. How stigma interferes with mental health care. Am Psychol. 2004;59(7):614–625. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.59.7.614.
  • Pedersen ER, Paves AP. Comparing perceived public stigma and personal stigma of mental health treatment seeking in a young adult sample. Psychiatry Res. 2014;219(1):143–150. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2014.05.017.
  • Reavley NJ, Jorm AF. Stigmatizing attitudes towards people with mental disorders: findings from an Australian national survey of mental health literacy and stigma. Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2011b;45(12):1086–1093. doi:10.3109/00048674.2011.621061.
  • Reavley NJ, Jorm AF. Recognition of mental disorders and beliefs about treatment and outcome: findings from an Australian national survey of mental health literacy and stigma. Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2011a;45(11):947–956. doi:10.3109/00048674.2011.621060.
  • Clement S, Schauman O, Graham T, et al. What is the impact of mental health-related stigma on help-seeking? A systematic review of quantitative and qualitative studies. Psychol Med. 2015;45(1):11–27. doi:10.1017/S0033291714000129.
  • Pattyn E, Verhaeghe M, Sercu C, Bracke P. Public stigma and self-stigma: differential association with attitudes toward formal and informal help seeking. Psychiatr Serv. 2014;65(2):232–238. doi:10.1176/appi.ps.201200561.
  • Vogel DL, Wade NG, Hackler AH. Perceived public stigma and the willingness to seek counseling: the mediating roles of self-stigma and attitudes toward counseling. J Couns Psychol. 2007;54(1):40–50. doi:10.1037/0022-0167.54.1.40.
  • Link BG, Struening EL, Neese-Todd S, Asmussen S, Phelan JC. Stigma as a barrier to recovery: the consequences of stigma for the self-esteem of people with mental illnesses. Psychiatr Serv. 2001;52(12):1621–1626. doi:10.1176/appi.ps.52.12.1621.
  • Mayer JE, Timms N. The Client Speaks: Working Class Impressions of Casework. Oxford, UK: Atherton. 1970.
  • Nadler A. Help-seeking behavior: psychological costs and instrumental benefits. In: M. S. Clark, M. S. Clark, eds. Prosocial Behavior. Vol. 12. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Inc; 1991:290–311.
  • Vogel DL, Wade NG, Haake S. Measuring the self-stigma associated with seeking psychological help. J Couns Psychol. 2006;53(3):325–337. doi:10.1037/0022-0167.53.3.325.
  • Lannin DG, Vogel DL, Brenner RE, Abraham WT, Heath PJ. Does self-stigma reduce the probability of seeking mental health information? J Couns Psychol. 2016;63(3):351–358. doi:10.1037/cou0000108.
  • Jorm AF, Korten AE, Jacomb PA, Christensen H, Rodgers B, Pollitt P. Mental health literacy': a survey of the public's ability to recognise mental disorders and their beliefs about the effectiveness of treatment. Med J Aust. 1997;166(4):182–186. doi:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1997.tb140071.x.
  • Kelly C, Jorm A, Wright A. Improving mental health literacy as a strategy to facilitate early intervention for mental disorders. Med J Aust. 2007;187(S7):S26–S30. doi:10.5694/j.1326-5377.2007.tb01332.x.
  • Pinfold V, Thornicroft G, Huxley P, Farmer P. Active ingredients in anti-stigma programmes in mental health. Int Rev Psychiatry. 2005;17(2):123–131. doi:10.1080/09540260500073638.
  • Pinfold V, Toulmin H, Thornicroft G, Huxley P, Farmer P, Graham T. Reducing psychiatric stigma and discrimination: evaluation of educational interventions in UK secondary schools. Br J Psychiatry. 2003;182:342–346. doi:10.1192/bjp.182.4.342.
  • Watson AC, Otey E, Westbrook AL, et al. Changing middle schoolers' attitudes about mental illness through education. Schizophr Bull. 2004;30(3):563–572. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a007100.
  • Kitchener BA, Jorm AF. Mental health first aid training: review of evaluation studies. Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2006;40(1):6–8. doi:10.1111/j.1440-1614.2006.01735.x.
  • Rickwood D, Cavanagh S, Curtis L, Sakrouge R. Educating young people about mental health and mental illness: evaluating a school-based programme. Int J Mental Health Promotion. 2004;6(4):23–32. doi:10.1080/14623730.2004.9721941.
  • Battaglia J, Coverdale JH, Bushong CP. Evaluation of a mental illness awareness week program in public schools. Am J Psychiatry. 1990;147(3):324–329. doi:10.1176/ajp.147.3.324.
  • Saporito JM, Ryan C, Teachman BA. Reducing stigma toward seeking mental health treatment among adolescents. Stigma Res Action. 2011;1(2):9–21.
  • Wright A, Mcgorry PD, Harris MG, Jorm AF, Pennell K. Development and evaluation of a youth mental health community awareness campaign – the compass strategy. BMC Public Health. 2006;6(1):215. doi:10.1186/1471-2458-6-215.
  • Morgan A, Jorm A. Awareness of beyondblue: the national depression initiative in Australian young people. Australas Psychiatry. 2007;15(4):329–333. doi:10.1080/10398560701323976.
  • Schulze B, Richter-Werling M, Matschinger H, Angermeyer MC. Crazy? So what! Effects of a school project on students' attitudes towards people with schizophrenia. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2003;107(2):142–150. doi:10.1034/j.1600-0447.2003.02444.x.
  • Corrigan PW, Penn DL. Lessons from social psychology on discrediting psychiatric stigma. Am Psychol. 1999;54(9):765–776. doi:10.1037//0003-066x.54.9.765.
  • Nguyen E, Chen TF, O’Reilly CL. Evaluating the impact of direct and indirect contact on the mental health stigma of pharmacy students. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2012;47(7):1087–1098. doi:10.1007/s00127-011-0413-5.
  • Clement S, van Nieuwenhuizen A, Kassam A, et al. Filmed v. live social contact interventions to reduce stigma: randomised controlled trial. Br J Psychiatry. 2012;201(1):57–64. doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.111.093120.
  • Hackler AH, Cornish MA, Vogel DL. Reducing mental illness stigma: effectiveness of hearing about the normative experiences of others. Stigma Health. 2016;1(3):201–205. doi:10.1037/sah0000028.
  • Walker J, Scior K. Tackling stigma associated with intellectual disability among the general public: a study of two indirect contact interventions. Res Dev Disabil. 2013;34(7):2200–2210. doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2013.03.024.
  • Winkler P, Janoušková M, Kožený J, et al. Short video interventions to reduce mental health stigma: a multi-centre randomised controlled trial in nursing high schools. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2017;52(12):1549–1557. doi:10.1007/s00127-017-1449-y.
  • Michaels PJ, Corrigan PW, Buchholz B, et al. Changing stigma through a consumer-based stigma reduction program. Community Ment Health J. 2014;50(4):395–401. doi:10.1007/s10597-013-9628-0.
  • Corrigan PW, Rowan D, Green A, et al. Challenging two mental illness stigmas: personal responsibility and dangerousness. Schizophr Bull. 2002;28(2):293–309. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a006939.
  • Association for University and College Counseling Center Directors. The Association for University and College Counseling Center Directors Annual Survey. Reporting Period: September 1, 2013 through August 31, 2014. 2014. http://www.aucccd.org/assets/documents/2014%20aucccd%20monograph%20-%20public%20pdf.pdf. Accessed April 29, 2019.
  • Thombs DL, Reingle Gonzalez JM, Osborn CJ, Rossheim ME, Suzuki S. Resident Assistant training program for increasing alcohol, other drug, and mental health first-aid efforts. Prev Sci. 2015;16(4):508–517. doi:10.1007/s11121-014-0515-x.
  • Rehm IC, Foenander E, Wallace K, Abbott JM, Kyrios M, Thomas N. What role can avatars play in e-mental health interventions? Exploring new models of client–therapist interaction. Front Psychiatry. 2016;7:186. doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2016.00186.
  • Fischer EH, Farina A. Attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help: a shortened form and considerations for research. J Coll Stud Dev. 1995;36:368–373.
  • Fischer EH, Turner JL. Orientations to seeking professional help: development and research utility of an attitude scale. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1970;35(1):79–90. doi:10.1037/h0029636.
  • Elhai JD, Schweinle W, Anderson SM. Reliability and validity of the attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help scale-short form. Psychiatry Res. 2008;159(3):320–329. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2007.04.020.
  • Vogel DL, Wade NG, Ascheman PL. Measuring perceptions of stigmatization by others for seeking psychological help: reliability and validity of a new stigma scale with college students. J Couns Psychol. 2009;56(2):301–308. doi:10.1037/a0014903.
  • Albright G, Goldman R, Shockley K. At-risk for college students: using simulated conversations with virtual humans to build mental health skills among college students. 2013.
  • Coleman D, Black N, Ng J, Blumenthal E. Kognitos avatar‐based suicide prevention training for college students: results of a randomized controlled trial and a naturalistic evaluation. Suicide Life Threat Behav. 2019;49(6):1735–1745. doi:10.1111/sltb.12550.
  • Albright G, Adam C, Serri D, Bleecker S, Goldman R. Harnessing the power of conversations with virtual humans to change health behaviors. Mhealth. 2016;2:44. doi:10.21037/mhealth.2016.11.02.
  • Topkaya N. Gender, self-stigma, and public stigma in predicting attitudes toward psychological help-seeking. Kuram Ve Uygulamada Eğitim Bilimleri. 2014;14:480–487.
  • Hackler AH, Vogel DL, Wade NG. Attitudes toward seeking professional help for an eating disorder: the role of stigma and anticipated outcomes. J Couns Dev. 2010;88(4):424–431. doi:10.1002/j.1556-6678.2010.tb00042.x.
  • Vogel DL, Bitman RL, Hammer JH, Wade NG. Is stigma internalized? The longitudinal impact of public stigma on self-stigma. J Couns Psychol. 2013;60(2):311–316. doi:10.1037/a0031889.
  • Corrigan PW, Rao D. On the self-stigma of mental illness: stages, disclosure, and strategies for change. Can J Psychiatry. 2012;57(8):464–469. doi:10.1177/070674371205700804.
  • Kosyluk K, Al-Khouja M, Bink A, et al. Challenging the stigma of mental illness among college students. J Adolesc Health. 2016;59(3):325–331. doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2016.05.005.
  • Eisenberg D, Downs MF, Golberstein E, Zivin K. Stigma and help seeking for mental health among college students. Med Care Res Rev. 2009;66(5):522–541. doi:10.1177/1077558709335173.
  • Wong EC, Collins RL, Cerully J, Seelam R, Roth B. Racial and ethnic differences in mental illness stigma and discrimination among californians experiencing mental health challenges. Rand Health Q. 2017;6(2):6.
  • Dunbar MS, Sontag-Padilla L, Ramchand R, Seelam R, Stein BD. Mental health service utilization among lesbian, gay, bisexual, and questioning or queer college students. J Adolesc Health. 2017;61(3):294–301. doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2017.03.008.
  • Ajzen I. Theory of planned behavior. Encycl Health Behav. 1991;50(2):179–211. doi:10.4135/9781412952576.n208.
  • Mo P, Mak W. Help-seeking for mental health problems among Chinese: the application and extension of the theory of planned behavior. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2009;44(8):675–684. doi:10.1007/s00127-008-0484-0.
  • Carey KB, Scott-Sheldon LJ, Elliott JC, Bolles JR, Carey MP. Computer-delivered interventions to reduce college student drinking: a meta-analysis. Addiction. 2009;104(11):1807–1819. doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2009.02691.x.
  • An L, Hennrikus D, Perry C, et al. Feasibility of Internet health screening to recruit college students to an online smoking cessation intervention. Nicotine Tob Res. 2007;9(1):11–S18., doi:10.1080/14622200601083418.
  • Gow RW, Trace SW, Mazzeo SE. Preventing weight gain in first year college students: an online intervention to prevent the "freshman fifteen". Eat Behav. 2010;11(1):33–39. doi:10.1016/j.eatbeh.2009.08.005.
  • Chiauzzi E, Brevard J, Thum C, Thurn C, Decembrele S, Lord S. MyStudentBody-stress: an online stress management intervention for college students. J Health Commun. 2008;13(6):555–572. doi:10.1080/10810730802281668.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.