Nutrient Balance Assessment in the Mekong Basin: Nitrogen and Phosphorus Dynamics in a Catchment Scale

References

• Atech Group . 2000 . Aggregated Nutrient Emissions to the Murray-Darling Basin , Canberra : National Pollutant Inventory, Environment Australia .
   Google Scholar
• Bootsma , H. A. and Hecky , R. E. 1999 . “ Nutrient cycling in Lake Malawi/Nyasa ” . In Water Quality Report, Lake Malawi/Nyasa Biodiversity Conservation Project , Edited by: Bootsma , H. A. and Hecky , R. E. 215 – 241 . Salima : Malawi Inland Fisheries Research Centre SADC/GEF project .
   Google Scholar
• Booty , W. 2001 . Options for Modelling of Transboundary Water Quality, Final Report , Vientiane : Mekong River Commission Secretariat, Environment Programme ME and WUP WG-1 .
   Google Scholar
• Campbell, I. (2007) Perceptions, data, and river management: lessons from the Mekong River, Water Resources Research, Vol. 43, W02407, DOI: 10.1029/2006WR005130
   Google Scholar
• Di , H. J. and Cameron , K. C. 2002 . Nitrate leaching in temperate agroecosystems: sources, factors and mitigating strategies . Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems , 64 ( 3 ) : 237 – 256 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dodds , W. K. , Jones , J. R. and Welch , E. B. 1998 . Suggested classification of stream trophic state: distributions of temperate stream types by chlorophyll, total nitrogen, and phosphorus . Water Research , 32 ( 5 ) : 1455 – 1462 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dudgeon , D. 2000 . The ecology of tropical Asian rivers and streams in relation to biodiversity conservation . Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution and Systematics , 31 : 239 – 263 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• EEA . 2005 . Source Apportionment of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Inputs into the Aquatic Environment , Report No. 7/2005 Copenhagen : European Environment Agency .
   Google Scholar
• Fedra , K. , Winkelbauer , L. and Pantulu , V. R. 1991 . Expert Systems for Environmental Screening: an Application in the Lower Mekong Basin , RR-91-19 Laxenburg, Austria : International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis .
   Google Scholar
• Hart , B. and Pollino , C. 2007 . Environmental Risk Assessment Training, Final Report , Vientiane : Mekong River Commission .
   Google Scholar
• Hart , B. T. , Jones , M. J. and Pistone , G. 2001 . Transboundary Water Quality Issues in the Mekong River Basin , Water Studies Centre, Monash University, Australia, in association with NSR Environmental Consultants, Australia Vientiane : Mekong River Commission .
   Google Scholar
• Hawkins , P. and Suthep , S. 2005 . Integrated Basin Flow Management Specialist Report, Water Quality , Vientiane : Mekong River Commission, Water Utilisation Programme/Environment Programme .
   Google Scholar
• Iida , T. , Inkhamseng , S. , Yoshida , K. and Tanji , H. 2011 . Characterization of water quality variation in the Mekong River at Vientiane by frequent observations . Hydrological Processes , 25 ( 23 ) : 3590 – 3601 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iida , T. 2004 . “ Seasonal variations in nutrient loads in the Mekong River at Vientiane, Lao PDR ” . In Proceedings of the International Conference on Advances in Integrated Mekong River Management , 25–27 October 2004, Vientiane, Lao PDR 195 – 200 . Japan : Research Group, MRC, JST .
   Google Scholar
• IOC . 1994 . IOC-SAREC Field Study Exercise on Nutrients in Tropical Marine Waters, 5–15 April 1994, Mombasa, Kenya , Workshop Report No. 99 Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, UNESCO .
   Google Scholar
• Irvine , K. N. , Richey , J. E. , Holtgrieve , G. W. , Sarkkula , J. and Sampson , M. 2011 . Spatial and temporal variability of turbidity, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, temperature, and fluorescence in the lower Mekong River–Tonle Sap system identified using continuous monitoring . International Journal of River Basin Management , 9 ( 2 ) : 151 – 168 .
   Google Scholar
• Jennerjahn , T. C. , Ittekkot , V. , Klöpper , S. , Adi , S. , Nugroho , S. P. , Sudiana , N. , Yusmal , A. , Prihartanto and Gaye-Haake , B. 2004 . Biogeochemistry of a tropical river affected by human activities in its catchment: Brantas River estuary and coastal waters of Madura Strait, Java, Indonesia . Estuarine, Costal and Shelf Science , 60 ( 3 ) : 503 – 514 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnston , R. M. and Kummu , M. 2012 . Water resource models in the Mekong basin: a review . Water Resources Management , 26 ( 2 ) : 429 – 455 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kendall , M. G. 1975 . Rank Correlation Methods , 4th ed. , London : Charles Griffin .
   Google Scholar
• Keskinen , M. 2006 . The lake with the floating villages: socioeconomic analysis of the Tonle Sap Lake . International Journal of Water Resources Development , 22 ( 3 ) : 463 – 480 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keskinen , M. 2008 . Water resources development and impact assessment in the Mekong basin: which way to go? . Ambio , 37 ( 3 ) : 193 – 198 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keskinen , M. , Kummu , M. , Käkönen , M. and Varis , O. Forthcoming . Mekong at the crossroads: next steps for impact assessment of large dams . Ambio ,
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• King , P. , Bird , J. and Haas , L. 2007 . The Current Status of Environmental Criteria for Hydropower Development in the Mekong Region: A Literature Compilation , Consultants Report to ADB, MRCS and WWF Vientiane, Lao PDR : Joint Initiative on Environmental Criteria for Hydropower in the Mekong Region .
   Google Scholar
• Kristensen , P. and Hansen , H. O. , eds. 1994 . European Rivers and Lakes: Assessment of their Environmental State , EEA Environmental Monographs 1 Copenhagen : European Environment Agency .
   Google Scholar
• Kummu , M. , Lu , X. X. , Wang , J. J. and Varis , O. 2010 . Basin-wide sediment trapping efficiency of emerging reservoirs along the Mekong . Geomorphology , 119 ( 3–4 ) : 181 – 197 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kummu , M. , Sarkkula , J. , Koponen , J. and Nikula , J. 2006 . Ecosystem management of the Tonle Sap Lake: an integrated modelling approach . International Journal of Water Resources Development , 22 ( 3 ) : 497 – 519 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kummu , M. and Varis , O. 2007 . Sediment-related impacts due to upstream reservoir trapping, the Lower Mekong River . Geomorphology , 85 ( 2–3 ) : 275 – 293 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lamberts , D. 2006 . The Tonle Sap Lake as a productive ecosystem . International Journal of Water Resources Development , 22 ( 3 ) : 481 – 496 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lamberts , D. and Koponen , J. 2008 . Flood pulse alterations and productivity of the Tonle Sap ecosystem: a model for impact assessment . Ambio , 37 ( 3 ) : 178 – 184 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liljeström, I. (2007) Nitrogen and Phosphorus Dynamics in the Mekong Basin: Nutrient balance Assessment in a Catchment Scale, Master's thesis, Water Resources Laboratory, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Helsinki University of Technology, Finland
   Google Scholar
• Lu , X. X. and Siew , R. Y. 2006 . Water discharge and sediment flux changes over the past decades in the Lower Mekong River: possible impacts of the Chinese dams . Hydrology and Earth System Sciences , 10 ( 2 ) : 181 – 195 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LWA . 2005 . Australia's Tropical Rivers: Program Plan and Prospectus 2005–2010 , Canberra : Australian Government, Land & Water Australia .
   Google Scholar
• Mann , H. B. 1945 . Nonparametric test against trend . Econometrica , 13 ( 3 ) : 245 – 259 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meybeck , M. 1982 . Carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus transported by world rivers . American Journal of Science , 282 ( 4 ) : 401 – 450 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meybeck , M. and Helmer , R. 1992 . “ An introduction to water quality ” . In Water Quality Assessments: A Guide to Use of Biota, Sediments and Water in Environmental Monitoring , 2nd Ed , Edited by: Chapman , D. UNESCO/WHO/UNEP . Chapter 1
   Google Scholar
• MRC . 2001 . Metadata for MRC Secretariat GIS Core Datasets , Phnom Penh : Mekong River Commission .
   Google Scholar
• MRC . 2003 . State of the Basin Report: 2003 , Phnom Penh : Mekong River Commission .
   Google Scholar
• MRC . 2005 . Overview of the Hydrology of the Mekong Basin , Vientiane : Mekong River Commission .
   Google Scholar
• MRC . 2007 . Diagnostic Study of Water Quality in the Lower Mekong Basin , MRC Technical Paper No. 15 Vientiane : Mekong River Commission .
   Google Scholar
• MRC . 2010 . State of the Basin Report 2010 , Vientiane : Mekong River Commission .
   Google Scholar
• MRC . 2011 . Procedures for Water Quality , Phnom Penh and Vientiane : Mekong River Commission .
   Google Scholar
• Novotny , V. 2003 . Water Quality, Diffuse Pollution and Watershed Management , 2nd ed , New Jersey : Wiley .
   Google Scholar
• Peierls , B. L. , Caraco , N. F. , Pace , M. L. and Cole , J. J. 1991 . Human influence on river nitrogen . Nature , 350 ( 6317 ) : 386 – 387 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salmi , T. , Määttä , A. , Ruoho-Airola , T. and Amnell , T. 2002 . Detecting Trends of Annual Values of Atmospheric Pollutants by the Mann-Kendall Test and Sen's Slope Estimates – the Excel Template Application MAKESENS , Publications on Air Quality No. 31 Helsinki : Finnish Meteorological Institute .
   Google Scholar
• Sen , P. K. 1968 . Estimates of the regression coefficient based on Kendall's tau . Journal of the American Statistical Association , 63 ( 324 ) : 1379 – 1389 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sidle , R. C. , Tani , M. and Ziegler , A. D. 2006 . Catchment processes in Southeast Asia: atmospheric, hydrologic, erosion, nutrient cycling, and management effects . Forest Ecology and Management , 224 ( 1–2 ) : 1 – 4 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith , S. V. , Swaney , D. P. , Talaue-McManus , L. , Bartley , J. D. , Sandhei , P. T. , McLaughlin , C. J. , Dupra , V. C. , Crossland , C. J. , Buddemeier , R. W. , Maxwell , B. A. and Wulff , F. 2003 . Humans, hydrology, and the distribution of inorganic nutrient loading to the ocean . BioScience , 53 ( 3 ) : 235 – 245 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Snidvongs , A. and Teng , S. 2006 . Global International Waters Assessment: Mekong River , GIWA Regional Assessment 55 University of Kalmar, Sweden, on behalf of United Nations Environment Programme .
   Google Scholar
• Sokhem , P. and Sunada , K. 2006 . The governance of the Tonle Sap Lake, Cambodia: integration of local, national and international levels . International Journal of Water Resources Development , 22 ( 3 ) : 399 – 416 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sokhem , P. and Sunada , K. 2008 . Population growth and natural-resources pressures in the Lower Mekong Basin . Ambio , 37 ( 3 ) : 219 – 224 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Varis , O. and Keskinen , M. 2006 . Policy analysis for the Tonle Sap Lake, Cambodia: a Bayesian network model approach . International Journal of Water Resources Development , 22 ( 3 ) : 417 – 432 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Varis , O. , Keskinen , M. and Kummu , M. 2008 . Mekong at the crossroads . Ambio , 37 ( 3 ) : 146 – 149 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Varis , O. , Kummu , M. and Salmivaara , A. 2012 . Ten major river basins in monsoon Asia-Pacific: an assessment of vulnerability . Applied Geography , 32 ( 2 ) : 441 – 454 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vassiljev , A. and Stålnacke , P. 2005 . Statistical modelling of riverine nutrient sources and retention in the Lake Peipsi drainage basin . Water Science & Technology , 51 ( 3–4 ) : 309 – 317 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Västilä , K. , Kummu , M. , Sangmanee , C. and Chinvanno , S. 2010 . Modelling climate change impacts on the flood pulse in the Lower Mekong floodplains . Journal of Water and Climate Change , 1 ( 1 ) : 67 – 86 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Voss , M. , Dombar , D. , Loick , N. and Dippner , J. W. 2006 . Riverine influence on nitrogen fixation in the upwelling region off Vietnam, South China Sea . Geophysical Research Letters , 33 ( 7 ) : L07604
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• White , I. 2002 . Water Management in the Mekong Delta: Changes, Conflicts and Opportunities , IHP-VI, Technical Documents in Hydrology, No. 61, International Hydrological Programme Paris : UNESCO .
   Google Scholar
• Wilson , J. R. , Holst , N. and Rees , M. 2005 . Determinants and patterns of population growth in water hyacinth . Aquatic Botany , 81 ( 1 ) : 51 – 67 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WHO . 1999 . Toxic Cyanobacteria in Water: A Guide to their Public Health Consequences, Monitoring and Management , London : E & FN Spon, on behalf of WHO .
   Google Scholar
• Yoshimura , C. , Zhou , M. C. , Kiem , A. S. , Fukuami , K. , Hapuarachchi , H. A. P. , Ishidaira , H. and Takeuchi , K. 2009 . 2020s scenario analysis of nutrient load in the Mekong River Basin using a distributed hydrological model . Science of the total Environment , 407 ( 20 ) : 5356 – 5366 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar