276
Views
2
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Clinical Science

Effects on plasma noradrenaline may explain some of the improved insulin sensitivity seen by AT‐1 receptor blockade

, , , , &
Pages 156-163 | Received 01 Feb 2008, Accepted 17 Apr 2008, Published online: 08 Jul 2009

References

  • Elliott W. J., Meyer P. M. Incident diabetes in clinical trials of antihypertensive drugs: A network meta‐analysis. Lancet 2007; 369: 201–7
  • Hansson L., Lindholm L. H., Ekbom T., Dahlöf B., Lanke J., Schersten B., et al. Randomised trial of old and new antihypertensive drugs in elderly patients: Cardiovascular mortality and morbidity the Swedish Trial in Old Patients with Hypertension‐2 study. Lancet 1999; 354: 751–1756
  • Major outcomes in high‐risk hypertensive patients randomized to angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor or calcium channel blocker vs diuretic: The Antihypertensive and Lipid‐Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT). JAMA 2002; 288: 2981–97
  • Kjeldsen S. E., Julius S., Mancia G., McInnes G. T., Hua T., Weber M. A., et al. Effects of valsartan compared to amlodipine on preventing type 2 diabetes in high‐risk hypertensive patients: The VALUE trial. J Hypertens 2006; 24: 1405–12
  • Julius S., Kjeldsen S. E., Weber M., Brunner H. R., Ekman S., Hansson L., et al. Outcomes in hypertensive patients at high cardiovascular risk treated with regimens based on valsartan or amlodipine: The VALUE randomised trial. Lancet 2004; 363: 2022–31
  • Padwal R., Laupacis A. Antihypertensive therapy and incidence of type 2 diabetes: A systematic review. Diabetes Care 2004; 27: 247–55
  • Aksnes T. A., Reims H. M., Guptha S., Moan A., Os I., Kjeldsen S. E. Improved insulin sensitivity with the angiotensin II‐receptor blocker losartan in patients with hypertension and other cardiovascular risk factors. J Hum Hypertens 2006; 20: 860–6
  • Aksnes T. A., Seljeflot I., Torjesen P. A., Höieggen A., Moan A., Kjeldsen S. E. Improved insulin sensitivity by the angiotensin II‐receptor blocker losartan is not explained by adipokines, inflammatory markers, or whole blood viscosity. Metabolism 2007; 56: 1470–7
  • Heart rate variability. Standards of measurement, physiological interpretation, and clinical use. Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and the North American Society of Pacing and Electrophysiology. Eur Heart J 1996; 7: 354–81
  • La Rovere M. T., Mortara A., Schwartz P. J. Baroreflex sensitivity. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 1995; 6: 761–74
  • Peuler J. D., Johnson G. A. Simultaneous single isotope radioenzymatic assay of plasma norepinephrine, epinephrine and dopamine. Life Sci 1977; 21: 625–36
  • Kjeldsen S. E., Flaaten B., Eide I., Helgeland A., Leren P. Evidence of increased peripheral catecholamine release in patients with long‐standing, untreated essential hypertension. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 1982; 42: 217–23
  • Matthews D. R., Hosker J. P., Rudenski A. S., Naylor B. A., Treacher D. F., Turner R. C. Homeostasis model assessment: Insulin resistance and beta‐cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man. Diabetologia 1985; 28: 412–9
  • Moan A., Höieggen A., Seljeflot I., Risanger T., Arnesen H., Kjeldsen S. E. The effect of angiotensin II receptor antagonism with losartan on glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity. J Hypertens 1996; 14: 1093–7
  • Julius S., Valentini M., Palatini P. Overweight and hypertension: A 2‐way street?. Hypertension 2000; 35: 807–13
  • Deibert D. C., DeFronzo R. A. Epinephrine‐induced insulin resistance in man. J Clin Invest 1980; 65: 717–21
  • Zeman R. J., Ludemann R., Easton T. G., Etlinger J. D. Slow to fast alterations in skeletal muscle fibers caused by clenbuterol, a beta 2‐receptor agonist. Am J Physiol 1988; 254: E726–E732
  • Brook R. D., Julius S. Autonomic imbalance, hypertension, and cardiovascular risk. Am J Hypertens 2000; 13: 112S–122S
  • Jamerson K. A., Julius S., Gudbrandsson T., Andersson O., Brant D. O. Reflex sympathetic activation induces acute insulin resistance in the human forearm. Hypertension 1993; 21: 618–23
  • Jamerson K. A., Smith S. D., Amerena J. V., Grant E., Julius S. Vasoconstriction with norepinephrine causes less forearm insulin resistance than a reflex sympathetic vasoconstriction. Hypertension 1994; 23: 1006–11
  • Palatini P., Julius S. Heart rate and the cardiovascular risk. J Hypertens 1997; 15: 3–17
  • Julius S., Gudbrandsson T., Jamerson K., Tariq S. S., Andersson O. The hemodynamic link between insulin resistance and hypertension. J Hypertens 1991; 9: 983–6
  • Lefrandt J. D., Heitmann J., Sevre K., Castellano M., Hausberg M., Fallon M., et al. The effects of dihydropyridine and phenylalkylamine calcium antagonist classes on autonomic function in hypertension: The VAMPHYRE study. Am J Hypertens 2001; 14: 1083–9
  • Struck J., Muck P., Trubger D., Handrock R., Weidinger G., Dendorfer A., et al. Effects of selective angiotensin II receptor blockade on sympathetic nerve activity in primary hypertensive subjects. J Hypertens 2002; 20: 1143–9
  • de Champlain J., Karas M., Nguyen P., Cartier P., Wistaff R., Toal C. B., et al. Different effects of nifedipine and amlodipine on circulating catecholamine levels in essential hypertensive patients. J Hypertens 1998; 16: 1357–69
  • Fogari R., Zoppi A., Corradi L., Preti P., Malalamani G. D., Mugellini A. Effects of different dihydropyridine calcium antagonists on plasma norepinephrine in essential hypertension. J Hypertens 2000; 18: 1871–5
  • Lopez L. M., Thorman A. D., Mehta J. L. Effects of amlodipine on blood pressure, heart rate, catecholamines, lipids and responses to adrenergic stimulus. Am J Cardiol 1990; 66: 1269–71
  • de Champlain J., Karas M., Assouline L., Nadeau R., LeBlanc A. R., Dube B., et al. Effects of valsartan or amlodipine alone or in combination on plasma catecholamine levels at rest and during standing in hypertensive patients. J Clin Hypertens 2007; 9: 168–78
  • Grassi G. Renin–angiotensin‐sympathetic crosstalks in hypertension: Reappraising the relevance of peripheral interactions. J Hypertens 2001; 19: 1713–6
  • Grassi G., Seravalle G., Dell'Oro R., Trevano F. Q., Bombelli M., Scopelliti F., et al. Comparative effects of candesartan and hydrochlorothiazide on blood pressure, insulin sensitivity, and sympathetic drive in obese hypertensive individuals: Results of the CROSS study. J Hypertens 2003; 21: 1761–9
  • Fogari R., Derosa G., Zoppi A., Rinaldi A., Lazzari P., Fogari E., et al. Comparison of the effects of valsartan and felodipine on plasma leptin and insulin sensitivity in hypertensive obese patients. Hypertens Res 2005; 28: 209–14
  • Liao D., Carnethon M., Evans G. W., Cascio W. E., Heiss G. Lower heart rate variability is associated with the development of coronary heart disease in individuals with diabetes: The atherosclerosis risk in communities (ARIC) study. Diabetes 2002; 51: 3524–31
  • Aronson D. Pharmacologic modulation of autonomic tone: Implications for the diabetic patient. Diabetologia 1997; 40: 476–81
  • Flanagan D. E., Vaile J. C., Petley G. W., Moore V. M., Godsland I. F., Cockington R. A., et al. The autonomic control of heart rate and insulin resistance in young adults. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1999; 84: 1263–7
  • Lindmark S., Wiklund U., Bjerle P., Eriksson J. W. Does the autonomic nervous system play a role in the development of insulin resistance? A study on heart rate variability in first‐degree relatives of Type 2 diabetes patients and control subjects. Diabet Med 2003; 20: 399–405
  • Pikkujamsa S. M., Huikuri H. V., Airaksinen K. E., Rantala A. O., Kauma H., Lilja M., et al. Heart rate variability and baroreflex sensitivity in hypertensive subjects with and without metabolic features of insulin resistance syndrome. Am J Hypertens 1998; 11: 523–31
  • Chern C. M., Hsu H. Y., Hu H. H., Chen Y. Y., Hsu L. C., Chao A. C. Effects of atenolol and losartan on baroreflex sensitivity and heart rate variability in uncomplicated essential hypertension. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2006; 47: 169–74
  • Javorka M., Javorkova J., Tonhajzerova I., Javorka K. Parasympathetic versus sympathetic control of the cardiovascular system in young patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging 2005; 25: 270–4
  • Grassi G., Vailati S., Bertinieri G., Seravalle G., Stella M. L., Dell'Oro R., et al. Heart rate as marker of sympathetic activity. J Hypertens 1998; 16: 1635–9
  • Kannel W. B., Kannel C., Paffenbarger R. S Jr., Cupples L. A. Heart rate and cardiovascular mortality: The Framingham Study. Am Heart J 1987; 113: 1489–94
  • Palatini P., Benetos A., Grassi G., Julius S., Kjeldsen S. E., Mancia G., et al. Identification and management of the hypertensive patient with elevated heart rate: Statement of a European Society of Hypertension Consensus Meeting. J Hypertens 2006; 24: 603–10
  • Mancia G., De B. G., Dominiczak A., Cifkova R., Fagard R., Germano G., et al. 2007 Guidelines for the Management of Arterial Hypertension: The Task Force for the Management of Arterial Hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). J Hypertens 2007; 25: 1105–87
  • Facchini F. S., Stoohs R. A., Reaven G. M. Enhanced sympathetic nervous system activity. The linchpin between insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, and heart rate. Am J Hypertens 1996; 9: 1013–7
  • Moan A., Nordby G., Rostrup M., Eide I., Kjeldsen S. E. Insulin sensitivity, sympathetic activity, and cardiovascular reactivity in young men. Am J Hypertens 1995; 8: 268–75
  • Reims H. M., Höieggen A., Fossum E., Rostrup M., Eide I., Kjeldsen S. E. Glucose disposal rates calculated from 60‐ to 90‐minute isoglycemic hyperinsulinemic glucose clamp correlate with cardiovascular risk factors in borderline hypertensive young men. Metabolism 2001; 50: 1175–80
  • Kjeldsen S. E., Schork N. J., Leren P., Eide I. K. Arterial plasma norepinephrine correlates to blood pressure in middle‐aged men with sustained essential hypertension. Am Heart J 1989; 118: 775–81
  • Grassi G. Sympathetic deactivation as a goal of nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic antihypertensive treatment: Rationale and options. Curr Hypertens Rep 2003; 5: 277–80
  • Harsch I. A., Schahin S. P., Radespiel‐Troger M., Weintz O., Jahreiss H., Fuchs F. S., et al. Continuous positive airway pressure treatment rapidly improves insulin sensitivity in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2004; 169: 156–62
  • Huggett R. J., Scott E. M., Gilbey S. G., Stoker J. B., Mackintosh A. F., Mary D. A. Impact of type 2 diabetes mellitus on sympathetic neural mechanisms in hypertension. Circulation 2003; 108: 3097–101
  • Grassi G., Seravalle G., Quarti‐Trevano F., Dell'Oro R., Bolla G., Mancia G. Effects of hypertension and obesity on the sympathetic activation of heart failure patients. Hypertension 2003; 42: 873–7
  • Grassi G. Counteracting the sympathetic nervous system in essential hypertension. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2004; 13: 513–9
  • Taddei S., Virdis A., Mattei P., Duranti P., Favilla S., Salvetti A. Vascular renin–angiotensin system and sympathetic nervous system activity in human hypertension. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1994; 23(Suppl 1)S9–S14

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.