Association between cotinine-verified smoking status and hypertension in 167,868 Korean adults

References

• Yarlioglues M, Kaya MG, Ardic I, et al. Acute effects of passive smoking on blood pressure and heart rate in healthy females. Blood Press Monit. 2010;15:251–256.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Groppelli A, Giorgi DM, Omboni S, et al. Persistent blood pressure increase induced by heavy smoking. J Hypertens. 1992;10:495–499.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Niskanen L, Laaksonen DE, Nyyssonen K, et al. Inflammation, abdominal obesity, and smoking as predictors of hypertension. Hypertension. 2004;44:859–865.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bowman TS, Gaziano JM, Buring JE, et al. A prospective study of cigarette smoking and risk of incident hypertension in women. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007;50:2085–2092.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thut AB, Blizzard L, Schmidt MD, et al. The association between smoking and hypertension in a population-based sample of Vietnamese men. J Hypertens. 2010;28:245–250.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Imamura H, Tanaka K, Hirae C, et al. Relationship of cigarette smoking to blood pressure and serum lipids and lipoproteins in men. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 1996;23:397–402.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Imamura H, Uchida K, Kobata D. Relationship of cigarette smoking with blood pressure, serum lipids and lipoproteins in young Japanese women. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 2000;27:364–369.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arkwright PD, Beilin LJ, Rouse I, et al. Effects of alcohol use and other aspects of lifestyle on blood pressure levels and prevalence of hypertension in a working population. Circulation. 1982;66:60–66.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• John U, Meyer C, Hanke M, et al. Smoking status, obesity and hypertension in a general population sample: a cross-sectional study. Q J Med. 2006;99:407–415.
   Google Scholar
• Primatesta P, Falaschetti E, Gupta S, et al. Association between smoking and blood pressure evidence from the health survey for England. Hypertension. 2001;37:187–193.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fogari R, Zoppi A, Lusardi P, et al. Cigarette smoking and blood pressure in a worker population: a cross-sectional study. J Cardiovasc Risk. 1996;3:55–59.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wang W, Lee ET, Fabsitz RR, et al. A longitudinal study of hypertension risk factors and their relation to cardiovascular disease. The Strong Heart Study. Hypertension. 2006;47:403–409.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Okubo Y, Suwazono Y, Kobayashi E, et al. An association between smoking habits and blood pressure in normotensive Japanese men: a 5-year follow-up study. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2004;73:167–174.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nagahama K, Inoue T, Iseki K, et al. Hyperuricemia as a predictor of hypertension in a screened cohort in Okinawa, Japan. Hypertens Res. 2004;27:836–841.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grassi G, Seravalle G, Calhoun DA, et al. Mechanisms responsible for sympathetic activation by cigarette smoking in humans. Ciculation. 1994;90:248–253.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferrari MFR, Raizada MK, Fior-Chadi DR. Nicotine modulates the reninangiotensin system of cultured neurons and glial cells from cardiovascular brain areas of wistar kyoto and spontaneously hypertensive rats. J Mol Neurosci. 2007;33:284–293.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu G, Chen H, Zhao W, et al. Nicotine self-administration differentially regulates hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing factor and arginine vasopressin mRNAs and facilitates stress-induced neuronal activation. J Neurosci. 2008;28:2773–2782.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Takashi H, Masashi Y, Tadahito S, et al. Intraportal nicotine infusion in rats decreases hepatic bloodflowthrough endothelin-1 and both endothelin A and endothelin B receptors. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2004;196:1–10.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benowitz NL, Sharp DS. Inverse relation between serum cotinine concentration and blood pressure in cigarette smokers. Circulation. 1989;80:1309–1312.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Istvan JA, Lee WW, Buist AS, et al. Relation of salivary cotinine to blood pressure in middle-aged cigarette smokers. Am Heart J. 1999;137:928–931.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kang JH, Song YM. Association between cotinine-verified smoking status and metabolic syndrome: Analyses of Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 2008–2010. Metab Syndr Rel Disord. 2015;13:140–148.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cao S, Yang C, Gan Y, et al. The health effects of passive smoking: an overview of systematic reviews based on observational epidemiological evidence. PLoS One. 2015;10:e0139907.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meyers DG, Neuberger JS, He J. Cardiovascular effect of bans on smoking in public places: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2009;54:1249–1255.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dietrich DF, Schwartz J, Schindler C, SAPALDIA-team, et al. Effects of passive smoking on heart rate variability, heart rate and blood pressure: an observational study. Int J Epidemiol. 2007;36:834–840.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alshaarawy O, Xiao J, Shankar A. Association of serum cotinine levels and hypertension in never smokers. Hypertension. 2013;61:304–308.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim BJ, Han JM, Kang JG, et al. Relationship of cotinine-verified and self-reported smoking status with metabolic syndrome in 116,094 Korean adults. J Clin Lipidol. 2017;11:638–645.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heeschen C, Jang JJ, Weis M, et al. Nicotine stimulates angiogenesis and promotes tumor growth and atherosclerosis. Nat Med. 2001;7:833–839.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hexum TD, Russett LR. Plasma encephalin-like peptide response to chronic nicotine infusion in guinea pig. Brain Res. 1987;406:370–372.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holtz J, Sommer O, Bassenge E. Development of specific tolerance to nicotine infusions in dogs on chronic nicotine treatment. Klin Wochenschr. 1984;62:S51–S57.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Larose P, Ong H, Januszewicz P, et al. Characterization of the effect of nicotine on vasopressin and atrial natriuretic factor in the rabbit. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1988;244:1093–1097.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim KS, Borzelleca JF, Bowman ER, et al. Effects of some nicotine metabolites and related compounds on isolated smooth muscle. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1968;161:59–69.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dominiak P, Fuchs G, von Toth S, et al. Effects of nicotine and its major metabolites on blood pressure in anaesthetized rats. Klin Wochenschr. 1985;63:90–92.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hukkanen J, Jacob P, 3rd, Benowitz NL. Metabolism and disposition kinetics of nicotine. Pharmacol Rev. 2005;57:79–115.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tabara Y, Takahashi Y, Setoh K, et al. Nagahama Study Group. Increased aortic wave reflection and smaller pulse pressure amplification in smokers and passive smokers confirmed by urinary cotinine levels: The Nagahama study. Int J Cardiol. 2013;168:2673–2677.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mann SJ, James GD, Wang RS, et al. Elevation of ambulatory systolic blood pressure in hypertensive smokers: a case-control study. JAMA. 1991;265:2226–2228.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verdecchia P, SchillacI G, Borgioni C, et al. 1995. Cigarette smoking, ambulatory blood pressure and cardiac hypertrophy in essential hypertension. J Hypertens. 13:1209–1215.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar