1,107
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Persistent Paradoxes, Pragmatic Postfeminism: How Young Women Negotiate the Contradictions of Gender Equality

ORCID Icon
Pages 411-423 | Received 31 Jan 2022, Accepted 01 Feb 2023, Published online: 23 Feb 2023

References

  • Adamson, M., & Kelan, E. K. (2019). ‘Female heroes’: Celebrity executives as postfeminist role models. British Journal of Management, 30(4), 981–996. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8551.12320
  • Allen, K. (2016). Top girls navigating austere times: Interrogating youth transitions since the ‘crisis’. Journal of Youth Studies, 19(6), 805–820. https://doi.org/10.1080/13676261.2015.1112885
  • Banet-Weiser, S., Gill, R., & Rottenberg, C. (2020). Postfeminism, popular feminism and neoliberal feminism? Sarah Banet-Weiser, Rosalind Gill and Catherine Rottenberg in conversation. Feminist Theory, 21(1), 3–24. https://doi.org/10.1177/1464700119842555
  • Borchorst, A., & Siim, B. (2008). Woman-friendly policies and state feminism: Theorizing scandinavian gender equality. Feminist Theory, 9(2), 207–224. https://doi.org/10.1177/1464700108090411
  • Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2012). Thematic analysis. In H. Cooper, P. M. Camic, D. L. Long, A. T. Panter, D. Rindskopf, & K. J. Sher (Eds.), APA handbook of research methods in psychology, vol. 2: Research designs: Quantitative, qualitative, neuropsychological, and biological (pp. 57–71). American Psychological Association.
  • Crofts, J., & Coffey, J. (2017). Young women’s negotiations of gender, the body and the labour market in a post-feminist context. Journal of Gender Studies, 26(5), 502–516. https://doi.org/10.1080/09589236.2015.1130610
  • Dosekun, S. (2015). For western girls only? Post-feminism as transnational culture. Feminist Media Studies, 15(6), 960–975. https://doi.org/10.1080/14680777.2015.1062991
  • Dowling, E. (2016). Valorised but not valued? Affective remuneration, social reproduction and feminist politics beyond the crisis. British Politics, 11(4), 452–468. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41293-016-0036-2
  • Formark, B., & Bränström Öhman, A. (2013). Situating Nordic girls’ studies. Girlhood Studies, 6(2), 3–10. https://doi.org/10.3167/ghs.2013.060202
  • Fraser, N. (2016). Contradictions of capital and care. New Left Review, 100(4), 99–117. https://newleftreview.org/issues/ii100/articles/nancy-fraser-contradictions-of-capital-and-care
  • Gill, R. (2007). Postfeminist media culture: Elements of a sensibility. European Journal of Cultural Studies, 10(2), 147–166. https://doi.org/10.1177/1367549407075898
  • Gill, R. (2014). Unspeakable inequalities: Postfeminism, entrepreneurial subjectivity, and the repudiation of sexism among cultural workers. Social Politics: International Studies in Gender, State & Society, 21(4), 509–528. https://doi.org/10.1093/sp/jxu016
  • Gill, R. (2017). The affective, cultural and psychic life of postfeminism: A postfeminist sensibility 10 years on. European Journal of Cultural Studies, 20(6), 606–626. https://doi.org/10.1177/1367549417733003
  • Gill, R., Kelan, E. K., & Scharff, C. M. (2017). A postfeminist sensibility at work. Gender, Work & Organization, 24(3), 226–244. https://doi.org/10.1111/gwao.12132
  • Gill, R., & Orgad, S. (2015). The confidence cult(ure). Australian Feminist Studies, 30(86), 324–344. https://doi.org/10.1080/08164649.2016.1148001
  • Gill, R., & Orgad, S. (2017). Confidence culture and the remaking of feminism. New Formations, 91(91), 16–34. https://doi.org/10.3898/NEWF:91.01.2017
  • Gill, R., & Orgad, S. (2018). The amazing bounce-backable woman: Resilience and the psychological turn in neoliberalism. Sociological Research Online, 23(2), 477–495.
  • Gill, R., & Scharff, C. (Eds.). (2013). New femininities: Postfeminism, neoliberalism and subjectivity. Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Harris, A. (2004). Future girl: Young women in the twenty-first century. Routledge.
  • Hernes, H. (1987). Welfare state and woman power: Essays in state feminism. Norwegian University Press.
  • Honkasalo, V. (2013). ‘Save the girls!’ Gender equality and multiculturalism in Finnish youth work contexts. Girlhood Studies, 6(2), 47–68. https://doi.org/10.3167/ghs.2013.060205
  • Hoppania, H. -K., Karsio, O., Näre, L., Olakivi, A., Sointu, L., Vaittinen, T., & Zechner, M. (2016). Hoivan arvoiset–Vaiva yhteiskunnan ytimessä. Gaudeamus.
  • Ikonen, H. M. (2020). Having a top-class mindset? Post-feminism and the co-construction of class and mindset among young Finnish women. Gender and Education, 32(7), 944–960. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540253.2019.1632420
  • Illouz, E. (2008). Saving the modern soul. Therapy, emotions, and the culture of self-help. University of California Press.
  • Jokinen, E. (2017). Sote-seikan sukupuoli. In T. Eskelinen, H. Harjunen, H. Hirvonen, & E. Jokinen (Eds.), Tehostamistalous (pp. 52–75). SoPhi.
  • Julkunen, R. (2010). Sukupuolen järjestykset ja tasa-arvon paradoksit. Vastapaino.
  • Kanai, A. (2020). Between the perfect and the problematic: Everyday femininities, popular feminism, and the negotiation of intersectionality. Cultural Studies, 34(1), 25–48. https://doi.org/10.1080/09502386.2018.1559869
  • Kantola, J. (2021). Persistent paradoxes, turbulent times: Gender equality policies in the Nordics in the 2010s. In A. Koivunen, J. Ojala, & J. Holmén (Eds.), The Nordic economic, social and political model (pp. 212–226). Routledge.
  • Kantola, J., Koskinen Sandberg, P., & Ylöstalo, H. (2020). Tasa-arvopolitiikka muutoksessa. In J. Kantola, P. K. Sandberg, & H. Ylöstalo (Eds.), Tasa-arvopolitiikan suunnanmuutoksia: Talouskriisistä tasa-arvon kriiseihin (pp. 7–30). Gaudeamus.
  • Keisu, B. I., & Brodin, H. (2022). Postfeminism as coping strategy: Understandings of gender and intragroup conflict among Swedish welfare workers. NORA - Nordic Journal of Feminist and Gender Research, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1080/08038740.2022.2080256
  • Keskinen, S., Stoltz, P., & Mulinari, D. (Eds.). (2021). Feminisms in the Nordic Region: Neoliberalism, nationalism and decolonial critique. Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Kolehmainen, M. (2022). Postfeminist versions of equality? An analysis of relationship and sex counseling practices in Finland. Gender & Society, 36(1), 63–87. https://doi.org/10.1177/08912432211057922
  • Koskinen Sandberg, P. (2018). The corporatist regime, welfare state employment, and gender pay inequity. NORA - Nordic Journal of Feminist and Gender Research, 26(1), 36–52. https://doi.org/10.1080/08038740.2018.1424726
  • Koskinen Sandberg, P., & Saari, M. (2019). Sisters (can’t) unite! Wages as macro‐political and the gendered power orders of corporatism. Gender, Work & Organization, 26(5), 633–649. https://doi.org/10.1111/gwao.12300
  • Krivonos, D. (2019). The making of gendered ‘migrant workers’ in youth activation: The case of young Russian-speakers in Finland. Current Sociology, 67(3), 401–418. https://doi.org/10.1177/0011392118824363
  • Lamberg, E. (2020). Staying in place or moving forward? Young women’s imagined futures and aspirations for mobility in care work. YOUNG: Nordic Journal of Youth Research, 28(4), 329–346. https://doi.org/10.1177/1103308819899190
  • Lamberg, E. (2021). Ambivalent aspirations: Young women negotiating postfeminist subjectivity in media work. European Journal of Cultural Studies, 24(2), 464–481. https://doi.org/10.1177/1367549420935896
  • McRobbie, A. (2009). The aftermath of feminism: Gender, culture and social change. SAGE.
  • McRobbie, A. (2015). Notes on the perfect: Competitive femininity in neoliberal times. Australian Feminist Studies, 30(83), 3–20. https://doi.org/10.1080/08164649.2015.1011485
  • McRobbie, A. (2016). Be creative: Making a living in the new culture industries. Polity.
  • Melby, K., Ravn, A. -B., & Carlsson Wetterberg, C. (2007). A Nordic model of gender equality. In K. Melby, A.-B. Ravn, & C. C. Wetterberg (Eds.), Gender equality and welfare politics in Scandinavia: The limits of political ambition? (p. pp. 1−26). Policy Press.
  • Oinas, E. (2017). The girl and the feminist state? Subjectification projects in the Nordic welfare state. In B. Formark, H. Mulari, & M. Voipio (Eds.), Nordic girlhoods: New perspectives and outlooks (pp. 179–206). Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Olakivi, A. (2018). The relational construction of occupational agency: Performing professional and enterprising selves in diversifying care work. University of Helsinki.
  • Ringrose, J. (2013). Postfeminist education? Girls and the sexual politics of schooling. Routledge.
  • Ronen, S. (2018). The postfeminist ideology at work: Endorsing gender essentialism and denying feminine devaluation in the case of design work. Gender, Work & Organization, 25(5), 514–530. https://doi.org/10.1111/gwao.12221
  • Saari, M., Kantola, J., & Koskinen Sandberg, P. (2021). Implementing equal pay policy: Clash between gender equality and corporatism. Social Politics: International Studies in Gender, State & Society, 28(2), 265–289. https://doi.org/10.1093/sp/jxz020
  • Salmenniemi, S., & Adamson, M. (2015). New heroines of labour: Domesticating post-feminism and neoliberal capitalism in Russia. Sociology, 49(1), 88–105. https://doi.org/10.1177/0038038513516830
  • Scharff, C. (2018). Gender, subjectivity, and cultural work: The classical music profession. Routledge.
  • Scharff, C. (2021). From unspeakability to inequality talk: Why conversations about inequalities may not pave the way for change. Open Library of Humanities, 7(2), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.16995/olh.4674
  • Skeggs, B. (2004). Class, self, culture. Routledge.
  • Skeggs, B., & Wood, H. (2012). Reacting to reality television: Performance, audience and value. Routledge.
  • Threadgold, S. (2020). Figures of youth: On the very object of Youth Studies. Journal of Youth Studies, 23(6), 686–701. https://doi.org/10.1080/13676261.2019.1636014
  • Vaadal, K., & Ravn, S. (2021). ’It feels like life is narrowing’: Aspirational lifestyles and ambivalent futures among norwegian ‘top girls’. Sociology, 55(6), 1135–1150. https://doi.org/10.1177/0038038521997759
  • Waerness, K. (1984). The rationality of caring. Economic and Industrial Democracy, 5(2), 185–211. https://doi.org/10.1177/0143831X8452003
  • Wrede, S. (2008). Educating generalists: Flexibility and identity in auxiliary nursing in Finland. In E. Kuhlmann & M. Saks (Eds.), Rethinking professional governance: International directions in healthcare (pp. 127–140). Policy Press.
  • Ylöstalo, H. (2012). Tasa-arvotyön tasa-arvot. Tampere University Press.