Creating a prenatal song for an unborn infant during a music therapy program: A longitudinal and microanalytic case study from before birth to three months of age

References

• Baker, F., Kennelly, J., & Tamplin, J. (2005). Adjusting to change through song: Themes in songs written by clients with traumatic brain injury. Brain Impairment, 6(3), 205–211. https://doi.org/10.1375/brim.2005.6.3.205
   Google Scholar
• Baker, F. (2007). Using voice analysis software to analyse the sung and spoken voice. In T. Wosch & T. Wigram (Eds.), Microanalysis in music therapy: Methods, techniques and applications for clinicians, researchers, educators and students (pp. 107–119). Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
   Google Scholar
• Barthell, J. E., Worwa, C. T., Therien, J. M., & DeRegnier, R. O. (2007). Development of maternal and paternal voice recognition memory in newborn infants. Journal of Investigative Medicine, 55(1), S82–S83. https://doi.org/10.1097/00042871-200701010-00050
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bernardi, N. F., Snow, S., Peretz, I., Orozco Perez, H. D., Sabet-Kassouf, N., & Lehmann, A. (2017). Cardiorespiratory optimization during improvised singing and toning. Scientific Reports, 7(1), 8113. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-07171-2
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Carolan, M., Maebh, B., Gamble, M., Turner, K., & Mascaren, O. (2012). The Limerick lullaby project: An intervention to relieve prenatal stress. Midwifery, 28(2), 173–180. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2010.12.006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carvalho, M. E. (2015). Chansons Adressées à L’enfant à Naître: Résonances Affectives et Fantasmatiques de l’Aube de la Parentalité. La Revue Française de Musicothérapie, 35(1), 48–61.
   Google Scholar
• Carvalho, M. E., Justo, J. M., Gratier, M., & Rodrigues, H. M. (2019). The impact of maternal voice on the fetus: A systematic review. Current Women’s Health Reviews, 15(3), 196–206. https://doi.org/10.2174/15734048
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carvalho, M. E., Justo, J., Gratier, M., & Rodrigues, H. (2021). Infants’ overlapping vocalizations during maternal humming: Contributions to the synchronization of preterm dyads. Psychology of Music, 49(6), 1654–1670. https://doi.org/10.1177/0305735620968920
   Google Scholar
• Creswell, J. W., & Clark, V. L. (2017). Designing and conducting mixed methods research. Sage Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Dahlstrøm, M., Stewart, L., & Shoemark, H. (2020). The potential of the human voice for early parent–infant interactions in at-risk populations. In R. Heydon, D. Fancourt, & A. J. Cohen (Eds.), The Routledge companion to interdisciplinary studies in singing (pp. 42–49). Routledge, Taylor and Francis Group.
   Google Scholar
• Delafield-Butt, J. T., & Trevarthen, C. (2016). The ontogenesis of narrative: From moving to meaning. Frontiers in Psychology, 6, 1157. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01157
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Di Pietro, J. A. (2010). Psychological and psychophysiological considerations regarding the maternal-fetal relationship. Infant and Child Development, 19(1), 27–38. https://doi.org/10.1002/icd.651
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dodane, C., & Al-Tamimi, J. (2007). An acoustic comparison of vowel systems in adult-directed-speech and child-directed speech: Evidence from French, English & Japanese. In 16th International Congress of Phonetic Sciences (ICPhS), Saarbruken, Allemagne, 6-10 Août 2007 (eds) (pp. 1573–1576). https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-48162017000400474
   Google Scholar
• Erskine, R. G. (1998). Attunement and involvement: Therapeutic responses to relational needs. International Journal of Psychotherapy, 3(3), 235–244. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429479519-3
   Google Scholar
• Ettenberger, M. (2018). Music therapy self-care group for parents of preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit: A clinical pilot intervention. Medicines, 5(4), 134. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicines5040134
   Google Scholar
• Fancourt, D., & Perkins, R. (2018). The effects of mother–infant singing on emotional closeness, affect, anxiety, and stress hormones. Music & Science, 1, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1177/2059204317745746
   Google Scholar
• Federico, G. F. (2001). El embarazo musical. Kier.
   Google Scholar
• Ferrari, G. A., Nicolini, Y. D., Tosato, E., Hussain, C., Scesa, M., Romei, E., Boerci, M., Lappini, E. D., Rosa-Prati, G., Palagi, E., & Ferrari, P. F. (2016). Ultrasonographic investigation of human fetus responses to maternal communicative and non-communicative stimuli. Frontiers in Psychology, 3(16), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00354
   Google Scholar
• Filippa, M., Della Casa, E., D’amico, R., Picciolini, O., Lunardi, C., Sansavini, A., & Ferrari, F. (2021). Effects of early vocal contact in the neonatal intensive care unit: Study protocol for a multi-centre, randomised clinical trial. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(8), 3915. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18083915
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Filippa, M., Devouche, E., Arioni, C., Imberty, M., & Gratier, M. (2013). Live maternal speech and singing have beneficial effects on hospitalized preterm infants. Acta Paediatrica, 102(10), 1017–1020. https://doi.org/10.1111/apa.12356
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Filippa, M., Gratier, M., Devouche, E., & Grandjean, D. (2018). Changes in infant-directed speech and song are related to preterm infant facial expression in the neonatal intensive care unit. Interaction Studies, 19(3), 427–444. https://doi.org/10.1075/is.16019.fil
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Filippa, M., Menin, D., Panebianco, R., Monaci, M. G., Dondi, M., & Grandjean, D. (2020). Live maternal speech and singing increase self-touch and eye-opening in preterm newborns: A preliminary study. Journal of Nonverbal Behavior, 44(4), 453–473. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10919-020-00336-0
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Flowers, P. J., & Dunne-Sousa, D. (1990). Pitch-pattern accuracy, tonality, and vocal range in preschool children’s singing. Journal of Research in Music Education, 38(2), 102–114. https://doi.org/10.2307/3344930
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ghetti, C., Bieleninik, L., Hysing, M., Kvestad, I., Assmus, J., Romeo, R., Ettenberger, M., Arnon, S., Vederhus, B. J., Gaden, T. S., & Gold, C. (2019). Longitudinal study of music therapy’s effectiveness for premature infants and their caregivers (LongSTEP): Protocol for an international randomized trial. British Medical Journal Open, 9(8), e025062. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025062
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Granier-Deferre, C., Bassereau, S., Ribeiro, A., Jacquet, A. Y., & DeCasper, A. J. (2011a). A melodic contour repeatedly experienced by human near-term fetuses elicits a profound cardiac reaction one month after birth. PLoS ONE, 6(2), e17304. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0017304
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Granier-Deferre, C., Ribeiro, A., Jacquet, A.-Y., & Bassereau, S. (2011b). Near-term fetuses process temporal features of speech. Developmental Science, 14(2), 336–352. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7687.2010.00978.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grape, C., Sandgren, M., Hansson, L. O., Ericson, M., & Theorell, T. (2002). Does singing promote well-being? An empirical study of professional and amateur singers during a singing lesson. Integrative Psychological & Behavioral Science, 38(1), 65–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2008.09.026
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gratier, M., & Devouche, E. (2020). Participation vocale du bébé au chant des parents en milieu naturel. Enfance, 1(1), 67–88. https://doi.org/10.3917/enf2.201.0067
   Google Scholar
• Haslbeck, F., & Bassler, D. (2020). Clinical practice protocol of creative music therapy for preterm infants and their parents in the neonatal intensive care unit. Journal of Visualized Experiments, 155, 60412. https://doi.org/10.3791/60412
   Google Scholar
• Haslbeck, F., & Hugoson, P. (2017). Sounding together: Family-centered music therapy as facilitator for parental singing during skin-to-skin contact. In M. Filippa, P. Kuhn, & B. Westrup (Eds.), Early vocal contact and preterm infant brain development: Bridging the gaps between research and practice (pp. 217–238). Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Haslbeck, F. (2014). Creative music therapy with premature infants: An analysis of video footage. Nordic Journal of Music Therapy, 23(1), 5–35. https://doi.org/10.1080/08098131.2013.780091
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• He, H., Huang, J., Zhao, X., & Li, Z. (2021). The effect of prenatal music therapy on fetal and neonatal status: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Complementary Therapies in Medicine, 60, 102756. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctim.2021.102756
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hepper, P. G., Scott, D., & Shahidullah, S. (1993). Newborn and fetal response to maternal voice. Journal of Reproductive Infant Psychology, 11(3), 147–153. https://doi.org/10.1080/02646839308403210
   Google Scholar
• Jardri, R., Houfflin-Debarge, V., Delion, P., Pruvo, J. P., Thomas, P., & Pins, D. (2012). Assessing fetal response to maternal speech using a noninvasive functional brain imaging technique. International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience, 30(2), 159–161. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2011.11.002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keeler, J. R., Roth, E. A., Neuser, B. L., Spitsbergen, J. M., Waters, D. J., & Vianney, J.-M. (2015). The neurochemistry and social flow of singing: Bonding and oxytocin. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 9 (518). https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2015.00518
   Google Scholar
• Kisilevsky, B. S., Hains, S., Lee, K., Xie, X., Huang, H., Hui, H., Zhang, Y. K., & Wang, Z. (2003). Effects of experience on fetal voice recognition. Psychology of Science, 14(3), 220–224. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9280.02435
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kisilevsky, B., & Hains, S. (2011). Onset and maturation of fetal heart rate response to the mother’s voice over late gestation. Developmental Science, 14(2), 214–223. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7687.2010.00970.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kreutz, G. (2014). Does singing facilitate social bonding? Music and Medicine, 6(2), 51–60. https://doi.org/10.47513/mmd.v6i2.180
   Google Scholar
• Krueger, C., Cave, E., & Garvan, C. (2015). Fetal response to live and recorded maternal speech. Biological Research for Nursing, 17(1), 112–120. https://doi.org/10.1177/1099800414532308
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kumar, S., Sengupta, A., & Anand, S. (2011). Novel method of feto-maternal monitoring using music therapy – A non-stress test. International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science, 2(2), 472–474. https://doi.org/10.26483/ijarcs.v2i2.427
   Google Scholar
• Loewy, J. (2016). First sounds: Rhythm, breath & lullaby. International Training Compendium. https://nicumusictherapy.com/Nicumusictherapy/Grandparents_Training_Roster_1.html
   Google Scholar
• Loewy, J., & Jaschke, A. C. (2020). Mechanisms of timing, timbre, repertoire, and entrainment in neuroplasticity: Mutual interplay in neonatal development. Frontiers Integrative Neurosciences, 14(8), 14–18. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnint.2020.00008
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Loewy, J., Stewart, K., Dassler, A. M., Telsey, A., & Homel, P. (2013). The effects of music therapy on vital signs, feeding, and sleep in premature infants. Pediatrics, 131(5), 902–918. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2012-1367
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Loewy, J. (2015). NICU music therapy: Song of kin as critical lullaby in research and practice. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1337(1), 178–185. https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.12648
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• López-Teijó, M., García-Faura, A., & Prats-Galino, A. (2015). Fetal facial expression in response to intravaginal music emission. Ultrasound 23 (4) , 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1177/1742271X15609367
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malloch, S., & Trevarthen, C. (Eds.). (2009). Communicative musicality: Exploring the basis of human companionship. Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Marx, V., & Nagy, E. (2015). Fetal behavioural responses to maternal voice and touch. PLoS One, 10(6), e0129118. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0129118
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mondanaro, J., Ettenberger, M., & Park, L. (2016). Mars rising: Music therapy and the increasing presence of fathers in the NICU. Music and Medicine, 8(3), 96. https://doi.org/10.47513/mmd.v8i3.440
   Google Scholar
• Moon, C. M., & Fifer, W. P. (2000). Evidence of transnatal auditory learning. Journal of Perinatology, 20(8), S36–S43. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.jp.7200448
   Google Scholar
• Nijhuis, G., Prechtl, H. F. R., Martin, C. B., & Bots, R. S. G. M. (1982). Are there behavioural states in the human fetus? Early Human Development, 6(2), 177–195. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-3782(82)90106-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Owren, M. J. (2008). GSU Praat Tools: Scripts for modifying and analyzing sounds using Praat acoustics software. Behavior Research Methods, 40(3), 822–829. https://doi.org/10.3758/BRM.40.3.822
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Palazzi, A., Filippa, M., Meschini, R., and Piccinini, C. A. (2021). Music therapy enhances preterm infant’s signs of engagement and sustains maternal singing in the NICU. Infant Behavior and Development, 64, 101596. 10.1016/j.infbeh.2021.101596
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Palazzi, A., Meschini, R., Dal Magro Medeiros, M., & Piccinini, C. A. (2020). NICU music therapy and mother-preterm infant synchrony: A longitudinal case study in the South of Brazil. Nordic Journal of Music Therapy, 29(4), 334–352. https://doi.org/10.1080/08098131.2020.1752777
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Partanen, E., Kujala, T., Tervaniemi, M., & Huotilainen, M. (2013). Prenatal music exposure induces long-term neural effects. PLoS One, 8(10), article e78946. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0078946
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Persico, G., Antolini, L., Vergani, P., Costantini, W., Nardi, M. T., & Bellotti, L. (2017). Maternal singing of lullabies during pregnancy and after birth: Effects on mother-infant bonding and on newborns’ behaviour. Concurrent Cohort Study. Women and Birth: Journal of the Australian College of Midwives, 30(4), e214–e220. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wombi.2017.01.007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pierce, B. (1998). The practice of toning in pregnancy and labour: Participant experiences. Complementary Therapies in Nursing & Midwifery, 4(2), 4146. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1353-6117(98)80024-3
   Google Scholar
• Pulliainen, H., Hannakaisa, N.-V., Ekholm, V., & Ahlqvist-Björkroth, S. (2019). Experiences of interactive ultrasound examination among women at risk of preterm birth. A Qualitative Study BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 19(1), 338. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-019-2493-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reissland, N., Francis, B., Aydin, E., Mason, J., & Schaal, B. (2013). The development of anticipation in the fetus: A longitudinal account of human fetal mouth movements in reaction to and anticipation of touch. Developmental Psychobiology, 56(5), 955–963. https://doi.org/10.1002/dev.21172
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ridder, H. M. (2007). Microanalysis on selected video clips with focus on communicative response in music therapy. In T. Wosch & T. Wigram (Eds.), Microanalysis in music therapy: Methods, techniques and applications for clinicians, researchers, educators and students (pp. 54–66). Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
   Google Scholar
• Robb, S. L., Burns, D. S., & Carpenter, J. S. (2011). Reporting guidelines for music-based interventions. Journal of Health Psychology, 16(2), 342–352. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105310374781
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shoemark, H. (2018). Time Together: A feasible program to promote parent-infant interaction in the NICU. Music Therapy Perspectives, 36(1), 6–16. https://doi.org/10.1093/mtp/mix004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shoemark, H. (2019). Returning musicality to parents: Constructing a strategy using parental voice. International Journal for Birth and Parent Education, 6(2), 29–32. https://ijbpe.com/
   Google Scholar
• Shoemark, H. (2017). Empowering parents in singing to hospitalized infants: The role of the music therapist. In M. Filippa, P. Kuhn, & B. Westrup (Eds.), Early vocal contact and preterm infant brain development: Bridging the gaps between research and practice (pp. 205–215). Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Snow, S., Bernardi, N. F., Sabet-Kassouf, N., Moran, D., & Lehmann, A. (2018). Exploring the experience and effects of vocal toning. Journal of Music Therapy, 55(2), 221–250. https://doi.org/10.1093/jmt/thy003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Song, J. Y., Demuth, K., & Morgan, J. (2010). Effects of the acoustic properties of infant-directed speech on infant word recognition. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 128(1), 389–400. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.3419786
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spence, M. J., & Freeman, M. S. (1996). Newborn infants prefer the maternal low-pass filtered voice, but not the maternal whispered voice. Infant Behaviour and Development, 19(2), 199–212. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0163-6383
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Teckenberg-Jansson, P., Turunen, S., Pölkki, T., Lauri-Haikala, M.-J., Lipsanen, J., Henelius, A., Aitokallio-Tallberg, A., Pakarinen, S., Leinikka, M., & Huotilainen, M. (2019). Effects of live music therapy on heart rate variability and self-reported stress and anxiety among hospitalized pregnant women: A randomized controlled trial. Nordic Journal of Music Therapy, 28(1), 7–26. https://doi.org/10.1080/08098131.2018.1546223
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trainor, L. J., Clark, E. D., Huntley, A., & Adams, B. A. (1997). The acoustic basis of preferences for infant-directed singing. Infant Behavior & Development, 20(3), 383–396. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0163-6383
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trainor, L. J., & Zacharias, C. A. (1998). Infants prefer higher-pitched singing. Infant Behavior & Development, 21(4), 799–806. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0163-6383(98)90047-9
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trainor, L. J. (1996). Infant preferences for infant-directed versus non-infant-directed playsongs and lullabies. Infant Behaviour and Development, 19(1), 83–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0163-6383(96)90046-6
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trehub, S. E., Hill, D. S., & Kamenetsky, S. B. (1997). Parents’ sung performances for infants. Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology, 51(4), 385–396. https://doi.org/10.1037/1196-1961.51.4.385
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trehub, S. E., & Trainor, L. (1998). Singing to infants: Lullabies and play songs. Advances in Infancy Research, 12, 43–77. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/285504507
   Google Scholar
• Trehub, S. E., Unyk, A. M., & Trainor, L. (1993). Adults identify infant-directed music across cultures. Infant Behavior & Development, 16(2), 193–211. https://doi.org/10.1016/0163-6383
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trevarthen, C. (1993). The self-born in intersubjectivity: The psychology of an infant communicating. In U. Neisser (Ed.), The perceived self: Ecological and interpersonal sources of self-knowledge (pp. 121–173). Cambridge University. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511664007.009
   Google Scholar
• Tsang, C. D., & Conrad, N. J. (2009). Does the message matter? The effect of song type on infants’ pitch preferences for lullabies and playsongs. Infant Behavior Development, 33(1), 96–100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infbeh.2009.11.006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ullsten, A., Eriksson, M., Klässbo, M., & Volgsten, U. (2017). Live music therapy with lullaby singing as affective support during painful procedures: A case study with microanalysis. Nordic Journal of Music Therapy, 26(2), 142–166. https://doi.org/10.1080/08098131.2015.1131187
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Puyvelde, M., Rodrigues, H., Loots, G., De Coster, L., Du Ville, K., Liesbeth, M., Simcock, D., & Pattyn, N. (2014). Shall we dance? Music as a port of entrance to maternal-infant intersubjectivity in a context of postnatal depression. Infant Mental Health Journal, 35(3), 220–232. https://doi.org/10.1002/imhj.21431
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weinstein, D., Launay, J., Pearce, E., Dunbar, R. I. M., & Stewart, L. (2016). Group music performance causes elevated pain thresholds and social bonding in small and large groups of singers. Evolution Human Behavior, 1, 37(2), 152–158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2015.10.002
   Google Scholar
• Wulff, V., Hepp, P., Wolf, O. T., Balan, P., Hagenbeck, C., Fehm, T., & Schaal, N. K. (2021). The effects of a music and singing intervention during pregnancy on maternal well-being and mother–infant bonding: A randomised, controlled study. Archive Gynecological Obstetric, 303(1), 69–83. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-020-05727-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar