Seismic forward modeling for investigating and interpreting thin beds in a carbonate reservoir in SW Iran

References

• Agersborg, R., T.A. Johansen, and M. Jakobsen. 2009. Velocity variations in carbonate rocks due to dual porosity and wave-induced fluid flow. Geophysical Prospecting 57: 81–98.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aghabarar, E., M. Soleimani, and A. Roshandel Kahoo. 2020. Presenting automatic velocity model updating by reducing residual depth move-out in the presence of lateral velocity changes and velocity anomaly. Iranian Journal of Geophysics 14 no. 3: 51–83. (In Farsi with abstract in English).
   Google Scholar
• Al-Chalabi, M. 2014. Principles of seismic velocities and time-to-depth conversion. Houten: EAGE Publications).
   Google Scholar
• Alaei, B. 2005. Seismic forward modeling of two fault-related folds from the Dezful Embayment of the Iranian Zagros Mountains. Journal of Seismic Exploration 14: 13–30.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alaei, B. 2012. Seismic modeling of complex geological structures. Seismic Waves. Research and Analysis ed M Kanao (Rijeka: InTech) (http://intechopen.com/books/seismic-wavesresearch-and-analysis/seismic-modeling-of complex geological-structures).
   Google Scholar
• Alaei, N., A. Roshandel Kahoo, A. Kamkar Rouhani, and M. Soleimani. 2018. Seismic resolution enhancement using scale transform in the time-frequency domain. Geophysics 83 no. 6: V305–V314.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Almoghrabi, H., and J. Lange. 1986. Layers and bright spots. Geophysics 51: 699–709.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Armitage, D.A., and L. Stright. 2010. Modeling and interpreting the seismic-reflection expression of sandstone in an ancient mass-transport deposit dominated deep-water slope environment. Marine and Petroleum Geology 27: 1–12.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Atashbari, V., M. Tingay, and K. Amrouch. 2018. Stratigraphy, tectonics and hydrocarbon habitat of the abadan plain basin: A geological review of a prolific middle eastern hydrocarbon province. Geosciences 8 no. 12: 496.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bartel, D.C., M. Busby, J. Nealon, and J. Zaske. 2006. Time to depth conversion and uncertainty assessment using average velocity modeling. SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 25: 2166–2170.
   Google Scholar
• Berenger, J.P. 1994. A perfectly matched layer for the absorption of electromagnetic waves. Journal of Computational Physics 114: 185–200.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berryman, J.G. 1980a. Confirmation of Biot’s theory. Applied Physics Letters 37: 382–384.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berryman, J.G. 1980b. Long-wavelength propagation in composite elastic media II. Ellipsoidal inclusions. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 68: 1820–1831.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berryman, J.G. 1992. Single-scattering approximations for coefficients in Biot’s equations of poroelasticity. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 91: 551–571.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carcione, J.M., G.C. Hermanz, and A.P.E. ten Kroode. 2002. Seismic modeling. Geophysics 67 no. 4: 1304–1325.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chew, W.C., and Q.H. Liu. 1996. Perfectly matched layers for elastodynamics: A new absorbing boundary condition. Journal of Computational Acoustics 04: 341–359.
   Google Scholar
• Dix, C.H. 1955. Seismic velocities from surface measurements. Geophysics 20 no. 1: 68–86.
   Google Scholar
• Fard, A., A. Braathen, M. Mokhtari, and A. Alavi. 2006. Interaction of the Zagros fold-thrust belt and Arabiantype, deep-seated folds in the Abadan plain and the Dezful embayment, SW Iran. Petroleum Geoscience 12: 347–362.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gholamy, S., A. Javaherian, and A. Ghods. 2008. Automatic detection of interfering seismic wavelets using fractal methods. Journal of Geophysics and Engineering 5: 338–347.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grasseau, N., C. Grélaud, M. López-Blanco, and P. Razin. 2019. Forward seismic modeling as a guide improving detailed seismic interpretation of deltaic systems: Example of the Eocene Sobrarbe delta outcrop (South-Pyrenean foreland basin, Spain), as a reference to the analogous subsurface Albian-Cenomanian Torok-Nanushuk Delta of the Colville Basin (NPRA, USA). Marine and Petroleum Geology.
   Google Scholar
• Han, F., H. Zhang, Q. Guo, K. Wei, and Z. Shang. 2018. An integrated method for seismic velocity modeling based on collocated cokriging. Journal of Geophysics and Engineering 15: 1389–1398.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Javaherian, A. 1994. Grid dispersion in generating finite-differences synthetic seismograms. Acta Seismologica Sinica 7: 397–407.
   Google Scholar
• Kallweit, R.S., and L.C. Wood. 1982. The limits of resolution of zero-phase wavelets. Geophysics 47 no. 7: 1035–1046.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kelly, K.R., R.W. Ward, S. Treitel, and R.M. Alford. 1976. Synthetic seismograms: A finite-difference approach. Geophysics 41: 2–27.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kumar, M., and D. Han. 2005. Pore shape effect on elastic properties of carbonate rocks.75th Annual International Meeting, 1477–1480 SEG, Expanded Abstracts.
   Google Scholar
• Liu, Y., and D.R. Schmitt. 2003. Amplitude and AVO responses of a single thin bed. Geophysics 68 no. 4: 1161–1168.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mallet, J.L. 2002. Geomodeling, 624. Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Manning, P. M. 2008. Techniques to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of finite-difference modeling for the propagation of elastic waves. PhD thesis, The University of Calgary.
   Google Scholar
• Manning, P.M., and G.F. Margrave. 1998. Elastic wave finite difference modelling as a practical exploration tool. CREWES Research Report 10.
   Google Scholar
• Marangakis, A., J.K. Costaint, and C. Coruh. 1985. Use of integrated energy spectra for thin-layer recognition. Geophysics 50 no. 3: 495–500.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marfurt, K.J., and R.L. Kirlin. 2001. Narrow-band spectral analysis and thin-bed tuning. Geophysics 66 no. 4: 1274–1283.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mavko, G., T. Mukerji, and J. Dvorkin. 2009. The rock physics handbook: Tools for seismic analysis in porous media. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Mirkamali, M.S., A. Javaherian, H. Hassani, M.R. Saberi, and S.A. Hosseini. 2020. Quantitative pore type characterization from well logs based on the seismic petrophysics in a carbonate reservoir. Geophysical Prospecting, 1–22.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mora, D., J. Castagna, R. Meza, S. Chen, and R. Jiang. 2020. Case study: Seismic resolution and reservoir characterization of thin sands using multiattribute analysis and bandwidth extension in the Daqing field, China. Interpretation T89–T102.
   Google Scholar
• Mundim, E.C., P.L.B. Paraízo, and M.S.d.S.Petrobras SA. 2003. Geostatistical Inversion: a new methodology for thin beds reservoir characterization. International Congress of the Brazilian Geophysical Society cp-168-00035.
   Google Scholar
• Partyka, G., J. Gridley, and J. Lopez. 1999. Interpretational applications of spectral decomposition in reservoir characterization. The Leading Edge, 353–360.
   Google Scholar
• Portniaguine, O., and J. P. Castagna. 2004. Inverse spectral decomposition. 74th Annual International Meeting, SEG, Expanded Abstracts 1786–1789.
   Google Scholar
• Puryear, C.I., and J.P. Castagna. 2008. Layer-thickness determination and stratigraphic interpretation using spectral inversion: Theory and application. Geophysics 73 no. 2: R37–R48.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Putri, I.A., and A. Priyono. 2019. Thin bed identification improvement using short-time fourier transform half-cepstrum on “TG “ field. PETRO:Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Perminyakan, 103–106.
   Google Scholar
• Ringrose, P., and M. Bentley. 2015. Reservoir model design, How to build good reservoir models. Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Saberi, M.R. 2018. Rock-physics-assisted well-tie analysis for structural interpretation and seismic inversion. The Leading Edge 37: 908–914.
   Google Scholar
• Saffarzadeh, S., A. Javaherian, H. Hasani, and M.A. Talebi. 2018. Improving fault image by determination of optimum seismic survey parameters using ray-based modeling. Journal of Geophysics and Engineering 15: 668–680.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sams, M. 2014. Constraining petrophysics with rock physics. EAGE/FESM Joint Regional Conference Petrophysics Meets Geoscience.
   Google Scholar
• Schuster, G. T. 2015. Seismic inversion. Society of Exploration Geophysicists.
   Google Scholar
• Schwab, A.M., B.T. Cronin, and H. Ferreira. 2007. Seismic expression of channel outcrops: Offset stacked versus amalgamated channel systems. Marine and Petroleum Geology. 24: 504–514.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sheriff, R.E. 2002. Encyclopedic dictionary of applied geophysics, 4th edn. Society of Exploration Geophysicists.
   Google Scholar
• Sheriff, R.E., and L.P. Geldart. 2002. Exploration seismology, 2nd ed. Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Taner, M.T., J.S. Schuelke, R. O’Doherty, and E. Baysal. 2000. Seismic attributes revisited effects of absorption and fracturing, depositional thick- l Instantaneous acceleration: Thin bed effects, possible poros- l Dominant frequency: Similar to instantaneous frequency, tool l Instantaneous Q factor. Directs, 1104–1106.
   Google Scholar
• Vanorio, T., C. Scotellaro, and G. Mavko. 2008. The effect of chemical and physical processes on the acoustic properties of carbonate rocks. The Leading Edge 27: 1040–1048.
   Google Scholar
• Virieux, J. 1986. P–SV wave propagation in heterogeneous media: Velocity-stress finite-difference method. Geophysics 51: 889–901.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Widess, M.B. 1973. How thin is a thin bed? Geophysics 38 no. 6: 1176–1180.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu, S., and M.A. Payne. 2009. Modeling elastic properties in carbonate rocks. The Leading Edge 28: 66–74.
   Google Scholar
• Yang, C., Y. Wang, and Y. Wang. 2016. Reflection and transmission coefficients of a thin bed. Geophysics 81 no. 5: N31–N39.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zeng, H. 2015. Predicting geometry and stacking pattern of thin beds by interpreting geomorphology and waveforms using sequential stratal-slices in the Wheeler domain. Interpretation 3 no. 3: SS49–SS64.
   Google Scholar
• Zeng, H., and K.J. Marfurt. 2015. Recent progress in analysis of seismically thin beds. Interpretation 3 no. 3: SS15–SS22.
   Google Scholar
• Zhang, R., and J. Castagna. 2011. Seismic sparse-layer reflectivity inversion using basis pursuit decomposition. Geophysics 76 no. 6: R147–R158.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, X., and X. Zheng. 2007. Thin bed identification based on attribute difference between far and near offset within prestack data: A model study. SEG / San Antonio 2007 Annual Meeting SEG / San Antonio 2007 Annual Meeting 293–297.
   Google Scholar
• Zhao, L., M. Nasser, and D.H. Han. 2013. Quantitative geophysical pore-type characterization and its geological implication in carbonate reservoirs. Geophysical Prospecting 61: 827–841.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhou, J., J. Ba, J.P. Castagna, Q. Guo, C. Yu, and R. Jiang. 2019. Application of an STFT-based seismic even and odd decomposition method for thin-layer property estimation. IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters 16: 1348–1352.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar