Are near visual signs and symptoms in multiple sclerosis compatible with convergence insufficiency?

References

• Servillo G, Renard D, Taieb G, et al. Bedside tested ocular motor disorders in multiple sclerosis patients. Mult Scler Int. 2014;2014:732329.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Barnes D, McDonald WI. The ocular manifestations of multiple sclerosis 2 abnormalities of eye movements. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1992;55(10):863–868.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rougier M, Tilikete C. Ocular motor disorders in multiple sclerosis. J Fr Ophtalmol. 2008;31(7):717–721.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ma SL, Shea JA, Galetta SL, et al. Self-reported visual dysfunction in multiple sclerosis: new data from the VFQ-25 and development of an MS-specific vision questionnaire. Am J Ophthalmol. 2002;133(5):686–692.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gil-Casas A, Piñero DP, Molina-Martin A. Binocular vision in patients with multiple sclerosis. Clin Optom. 2021;13:39–49.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Law C, Chriqui E, Kergoat MJ, et al. Prevalence of convergence insufficiency-type symptomatology in Parkinson’s disease. Can J Neurol Sci. 2017;44(5):562–566.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Irving EL, Chriqui E, Law C, et al. Prevalence of convergence insufficiency in Parkinson’s disease. Mov Disord Clin Pract. 2017;4(3):424–429.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Daum KM. Convergence insufficiency. J Optom Physiol Opt. 1984;61(1):16–22.
   Google Scholar
• Malcolm LM. The convergence insufficiency syndrome. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 1971;8(4):243–244.
   Google Scholar
• Scheiman M, Mitchell GL, Cotter S, et al. The convergence insufficiency treatment trial: design, methods, and baseline data. Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 2008;15(1):24–36.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lavrich JB, Warner NJK, Hauschild AJ, et al. Inconsistent diagnostic criteria for convergence insufficiency. J AAPOS. 2019;23(1):32.e1–32.e4.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cacho-Martínez P, García-Muñoz Á, Ruiz-Cantero MT. Is there any evidence for the validity of diagnostic criteria used for accommodative and nonstrabismic binocular dysfunctions? J Optom. 2014;7(1):2–21.
   Google Scholar
• Sheard C. Zones of ocular comfort. Am J Optom. 1930;7:9–25.
   Google Scholar
• Moon BY, Kim SY, Yu DS. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis of clinical signs for screening of convergence insufficiency in young adults. PLoS One. 2020;15(1):1–14.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rouse M, Borsting E, Mitchell GL, et al. Validity of the convergence insufficiency symptom survey: a confirmatory study. Optom Vis Sci. 2009;86(4):357–363.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scheimann M, Wick B. Clinical management of binocular vision: Heterophoric, Accommodative and eye movement disorders. 5th ed. Lippincoat: Williams and Wilkins; 2019.
   Google Scholar
• González-Pérez M, Pérez-Garmendia C, Barrio AR, et al. Spanish cross-cultural adaptation and rasch analysis of the Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey (CISS). Transl Vis Sci Technol. 2020;9(4):23.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jing-Wei Chen J, Soo Kim J, Paine M, et al. Vergence and strabismus in neurodegenerative disorders. Front Neurol. 2018;16(9):299.
   Google Scholar
• Anderson TJ, MacAskill MR. Eye movements in patients with neurodegenerative disorders. Nat Rev Neurol. 2013;9(2):74–85.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Graves J, Balcer LJ. Eye disorders in patients with multiple sclerosis: natural history and management. Clin Ophthalmol. 2010;4:1409–1422.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Reulen JP, Sanders EA, Hogenhuis LA. Eye movement disorders in multiple sclerosis and optic neuritis. Brain. 1983;106(1):121–140.
   Google Scholar
• Tüzün E, Akman-Demir G, Eraksoy M. Paroxysmal attacks in multiple sclerosis. Brain. 1975;98(2):189–202.
   Google Scholar
• Postert T, McMonagle U, Büttner T, et al. Paroxysmal convergence spasm in multiple sclerosis. Acta Neurol Scand. 1996;94(1):35–37.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Slyman JF, Kline LB. Dorsal midbrain syndrome in multiple sclerosis. Neurology. 1981;31(2):196–198.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prieto LP. The multiple facets of multiple sclerosis. Am Orthopt J. 2007;57:69–78.
   Google Scholar
• Mangione CM, Berry S, Spritzer K, et al. Identifying the content area for the 51-item national eye institute visual function questionnaire. Arch Ophthalmol. 1998;116(2):227–233.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Pandey KS, Krieger SC, Farrell C, et al. Clinical course in multiple sclerosis patients presenting with a history of progressive disease. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2014;3(1):67–71.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sanchez-Dalmau B, Martinez-Lapiscina EH, Pulido-Valdeolivas I, et al. Predictors of vision impairment in multiple sclerosis. PLoS One. 2018;13(4):1–12.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schinzel J, Zimmermann H, Paul F, et al. Relations of low contrast visual acuity, quality of life and multiple sclerosis functional composite: a cross-sectional analysis. BMC Neurol. 2014;14:31.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Costello F. Vision disturbances in multiple sclerosis. Semin Neurol. 2016;36(2):185–195.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hainline C, Rizzo JR, Hudson TE, et al. Capturing saccades in multiple sclerosis with a digitized test of rapid number naming. J Neurol. 2017;264(5):989–998.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Downey DL, Stahl JS, Bhidayasiri R, et al. Saccadic and vestibular abnormalities in multiple sclerosis. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2002;956(1):438–440.
   Google Scholar
• Fielding J, Kilpatrick T, Millist L, et al. Multiple sclerosis: cognition and saccadic eye movements. J Neurol Sci. 2009;277(1–2):32–36.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kister I, Bacon TE, Chamot E, et al. Natural history of multiple sclerosis symptoms. Int J MS Care. 2013;15(3):146–158.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Finke C, Pech LM, Sömmer C, et al. Dynamics of saccade parameters in multiple sclerosis patients with fatigue. J Neurol. 2012;259(12):2656–2663.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chahin S, Miller D, Sakai RE, et al. Relation of quantitative visual and neurologic outcomes to fatigue in multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2015;4(4):304–310.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chalah MA, Riachi N, Ahdab R, et al. Fatigue in multiple sclerosis: neural correlates and the role of non-invasive brain stimulation. Front Cell Neurosci. 2015;9:460.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fisk JD, Pontefract A, Ritvo PG, et al. The impact of fatigue on patients with multiple sclerosis. Can J Neurol Sci. 1994;21(1):9–14.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Genova HM, Lancaster K, Lengenfelder J, et al. Relationship between social cognition and fatigue, depressive symptoms, and anxiety in multiple sclerosis. J Neuropsychol. 2019;14(2):213–225.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nij Bijvank JA, van Rijn LJ, Balk LJ, et al. Diagnosing and quantifying a common deficit in multiple sclerosis: internuclear ophthalmoplegia. Neurology. 2019;92(20):e2299–308.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Horan LA, Ticho BH, Khammar AJ, et al. Is the convergence insufficiency symptom survey specific for convergence insufficiency? A prospective, randomized study. Am Orthopt J. 2015;65:99–103.
   Google Scholar