Parallelism, Metalinguistic Play, and the Interactive Emergence of Zinacantec Mayan Siblings' Culture

REFERENCES

• Aissen , J. L. 1987 . Tzotzil clause structure. , Dordrecht, , The Netherlands : D. Reidel. .
   Google Scholar
• Bahtin , M. 1981 . The dialogic imagination. , Austin : University of Texas Press .
   Google Scholar
• Bateson , G. 1979 . Mind and nature. A necessary unit. , New York : Bantam .
   Google Scholar
• Bauman , R. 1986 . Story, performance, and event: Contextual studies of oral narrative. , Cambridge, , England : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Blum-Kulka , S. and Snow , C. E. 2004 . Introduction: The potential for peer talk. . Discourse Studies , 6 : 291 – 306 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brazelton , T. B. , Robey , J. S. and Collier , G. 1969 . Infant development in the Zinacanteco Indians of Southern Mexico. . Pediatrics , 44 : 274 – 283 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bricker , V. 1973 . Ritual humor in highland Chiapas. , Austin : University of Texas Press .
   Google Scholar
• Bricker , V. 1974 . “ The ethnographic context of some traditional Mayan speech genres. ” . In Explorations in the ethnography of speaking , Edited by: Bauman , R. and Sherzer , J. 368 – 388 . Cambridge, , England : Cambridge University Press. .
   Google Scholar
• Brody , J. 1986 . Repetition as a rhetorical and conversational device in Tojolabal (Mayan). . International Journal of American Linguistics , 52 : 255 – 274 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brody , J. 1994 . “ Multiple repetitions in Tojolobal conversation. ” . In Repetition in discourse: Interdisciplinary perspectives , Vol. 2 Edited by: Johnstone , B. 3 – 14 . New York : Ablex. .
   Google Scholar
• Brown , P. 1990 . Gender, politeness, and confrontation in Tenejapa. . Discourse Processes , 13 : 123 – 141 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown , P. 1998 . Conversational structure and language acquisition: The role of repetition in Tzeltal. . Journal of Linguistic Anthropology , 8 : 197 – 221 .
   Google Scholar
• Brown , P. and Levinson , S. 1987 . Politeness: Some universals in language usage. , Cambridge, , England : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Cancian , F. 1964 . Interaction patterns in Zinacanteco families. . American Sociological Review , 29 : 540 – 550 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cazden , C. 1976 . “ Play with language and metalinguistic awareness: One dimension of language experience. ” . In Play—Its role in development and evolution , Edited by: Bruner , J. S. , Jolly , A. and Sylva , K. 603 – 608 . New York : Penguin. .
   Google Scholar
• Cekaite , A. and Aronsson , K. 2004 . Repetition and joking in children's second language conversations: Playful recyclings in an immersion classroom. . Discourse Studies , 6 : 373 – 392 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Collier , G. 1975 . Fields of the Tzotzil: The ecological bases of tradition in Highland Chiapas. , Austin : University of Texas Press .
   Google Scholar
• Cook-Gumperz , J. and Kyratzis , A. 2001 . “ Child discourse. ” . In A handbook of discourse analysis , Edited by: Schiffrin , D. , Tannen , D. and Hamilton , H. 590 – 611 . Oxford, , England : Blackwell. .
   Google Scholar
• Corsaro , W. 1997 . The sociology of childhood. , Thousand Oaks, CA : Pine Forge .
   Google Scholar
• Corsaro , W. A. and Maynard , D. W. 1996 . “ Format tying in discussion and argumentation among Italian and American children. ” . In Social interaction, social context, and language , Edited by: Slobin , D. I. , Gerhardtx , J. , Kyratzis , A. and Guo , J. 157 – 174 . Mahwah, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. .
   Google Scholar
• de León , L. 1998 . The emergent participant: Interactive patterns of socialization of Tzotzil (Mayan) children. . Journal of Linguistic Anthropology , 8 : 131 – 161 .
   Google Scholar
• de León , L. 1999 . “ Verb roots and caregiver speech in Tzotzil Mayan acquisition. ” . In Language, cognition, and function , Edited by: Michaelis , L. and Fox , B. 99 – 119 . Stanford University: Stanford Center for Language and Information. .
   Google Scholar
• de León , L. 2001 . “ Finding the richest path: The role of language and cognition in the acquisition of vertical path by Tzotzil (Mayan) children. ” . In Conceptual development and language acquisition , Edited by: Bowerman , M. and Levinson , S. 544 – 565 . Cambridge University Press. .
   Google Scholar
• de León , L. . Paper presented at the annual meetings of the American Anthropological Association . Soldiers and curers: Children's play in Tzotzil and Ch'ol. . November , New Orleans, LA
   Google Scholar
• de León , L. 2005 . La llegada del alma: Lenguaje, infancia y socialización entre los Mayas de Zinacantán [The arrival of the soul: Language, childhood and socialization among the Mayans of Zinacantan]. , Mexico City, México : CIESAS-INAH-CONACULTA. .
   Google Scholar
• de León , L. 2006, April . “ Ritual, humor, fantasía y relato: Desarrollo de competencias comunicativas en niños tzotziles de Zinacantán [Ritual, humor, fantasy, and story: The development of communicative competence in Tzotzil children of Zinacantan] Mexico Plenary Lecture. VIII Jornadas Lingüísticas de la Escuela Nacional de Antropología e Historia. ” . México, D. F.
   Google Scholar
• De León , L. “ Mayan semantics in early lexical development: The case of the verbs for eating and falling down. ” . In Festschrift for Melissa Bowerman. , Edited by: Gathercole , V. Mahwah, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. . in press
   Google Scholar
• Devereaux , L. 1987 . “ Gender difference and the relations of inequality in Zinacantán. ” . In Dealing with inequality: Analysing gender relations in Melanesia and beyond , Edited by: Strathern , M. 89 – 111 . Cambridge, , England : Cambridge University Press. .
   Google Scholar
• Dubois , J. W. “ The stance triangle. ” . In Stance in discourse: Subjectivity in interaction. , Edited by: Englebretson , R. Amsterdam : Benjamins. . in press
   Google Scholar
• Duranti , A. 1997a . Linguistic anthropology. , Cambridge, , England : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Duranti , A. 1997b . Universal and culture-specific properties of greetings. . Journal of Linguistic Anthropology , 7 : 63 – 97 .
   Google Scholar
• Evaldsson , A. C. 1993 . Play, disputes and social order. , Linköping, , Sweden : Department of Communication Studies, Linköping University, Linköping Studies in Arts and Sciences No. 93. .
   Google Scholar
• Fasulo , A. , Liberati , V. and Pontecorvo , C. 2002 . “ Language games in the strict sense of the term: Children's poetics and conversation. ” . In Talking to adults. The contribution of multiparty discourse to language acquisition , Edited by: Blum-Kulka , S. and Snow , C. E. 209 – 237 . Mahwah, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. .
   Google Scholar
• Fought , J. 1985 . “ Cyclical patterns in Chorti (Mayan) literature. ” . In Supplement to the handbook of middle American Indians , Vol. 3 Edited by: Edmonson , M. S. 147 – 170 . Austin : University of Texas Press. .
   Google Scholar
• Fox , J. 1974 . “ Our ancestors spoke in pairs: Rotinese views of language, dialect, and code. ” . In Explorations in the ethnography of speaking , Edited by: Bauman , R. and Sherzer , J. 65 – 84 . Cambridge, , England : Cambridge University Press. .
   Google Scholar
• Gaskins , S. 1999 . “ Children's daily lives in a Mayan village: A case study of culturally constructed roles and activities. ” . In Children's engagement in the world , Edited by: Göncü , A. 25 – 61 . Cambridge, , England : Cambridge University Press. .
   Google Scholar
• Gaskins , S. 2006 . “ The cultural organization of Yucatec children social interactions. ” . In Peer relations in cultural context , Edited by: Chen , X. , French , D. and Schneider , B. 283 – 309 . Cambridge, , England : Cambridge University Press. .
   Google Scholar
• Gaskins , S. , Miller , P. J. and Corsaro , W. A. 1992 . “ Theoretical and methodological perspectives in the interpretive study of children. ” . In New Directions in Child Development: Vol 58. Interpretive approaches to children's socialization , Edited by: Corsaro , W. A. and Miller , P. J. 5 – 24 . San Francisco : Jossey-Bass. .
   Google Scholar
• Giddens , A. 1984 . The constitution of society: Outline of the theory of structuration. , Berkeley : University of California Press .
   Google Scholar
• Goffman , E. 1974 . Frame analysis. , Philadelphia : University of Pennsylvania Press .
   Google Scholar
• Gombert , J. 1992 . Metalinguistic development. , New York : Harvester/Wheatsheaf .
   Google Scholar
• Goodwin , C. and Heritage , J. 1990 . Conversational analyisis. . Annual Review of Anthropology , 19 : 283 – 307 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goodwin , M. H. 1990 . He-said-she-said. Talk as social organization among Black children. , Bloomington : Indiana University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Goodwin , M. H. 1996 . “ Shifting frame. ” . In Social interaction, social context, and language: Essays in honor of Susan Ervin Tripp , Edited by: Slobin , D. , Gerhardt , J. , Kyratsis , A. and Jiansheng , G. 53 – 70 . Mahwah, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. .
   Google Scholar
• Goodwin , M. H. 1998 . “ Games of stance: Conflict and footing in Hopscotch. ” . In Kids talk: Strategic language use in later childhood , Edited by: Hoyle , S. M. and Adger , C. T. 23 – 46 . Oxford, , England : Oxford University Press. .
   Google Scholar
• Goodwin , M. H. 2006 . The hidden life of girls: Games of stance, status, and exclusion. , Malden, MA : Blackwell .
   Google Scholar
• Goodwin , M. H. and Goodwin , C. 1987 . “ Children's arguing. ” . In Language, gender and sex in comparative perspective , Edited by: Philips , S. U. , Steele , S. and Tanz , C. 200 – 248 . Cambridge, , England : Cambridge University Press. .
   Google Scholar
• Gossen , G. H. 1974a . Chamulas in the world of the sun: Time and space in a Maya oral tradition. , Cambridge, MA : Harvard University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Gossen , G. H. 1974b . “ To speak with a heated heart: Chamula canons of style and good performance. ” . In Explorations in the ethnography of speaking , Edited by: Bauman , R. and Sherzer , J. 389 – 413 . Cambridge, , England : Cambridge University Press. .
   Google Scholar
• Gossen , G. H. 1977 . “ Chamula genres of verbal behavior. ” . In Verbal art as performance , Edited by: Bauman , R. Prospect Heights, IL : Waveland Press. .
   Google Scholar
• Gossen , G. H. 1979 . “ Verbal dueling in Chamula. ” . In Speech play , Edited by: Kirshenblatt-Gimblett , B. 121 – 146 . Philadelphia : University of Pennsylvania Press. .
   Google Scholar
• Greenfield , P. M. 2000 . “ Culture and universals: Integrating social and cognitive development. ” . In Culture, thought, and development , Edited by: Nucci , L. P. , Sace , G. B. and Turiel , E. 231 – 277 . Mahwah, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. .
   Google Scholar
• Greenfield , P. M. 2004 . Weaving generations together. Evolving creativity in the Maya of Chiapas. , Santa Fe, NM : Publications of the Santa Fe Center for Social Research .
   Google Scholar
• Greenfield , P. M. , Brazelton , T. and Childs , C. 1989 . “ From birth to maturity in Zinacantán: Ontogenesis in a cultural context. ” . In Ethnographic encounters in southern Mesoamerica: Essays in honor of Evan Zartman Vogt, Jr. , Edited by: Gossen , G. and Bricker , V. 177 – 216 . Albany : Institute for Meso-American Studies, State University of New York at Albany. .
   Google Scholar
• Greenfield , P. M. and Childs , C. P. 1977 . Weaving skill, color terms, and pattern representation: Cultural influences and cognitive development among the Zincantecos of Southern Mexico. . Interamerican Journal of Psychology , 2 : 23 – 48 .
   Google Scholar
• Haviland , J. B. 1977 . Gossip, reputation and knowledge. , Chicago : The University of Chicago Press .
   Google Scholar
• Haviland , J. B. 1988 . “We want to borrow your mouth”: Tzotzil marital squabble. . Anthropological Linguistics , 30 : 395 – 447 .
   Google Scholar
• Haviland , J. B. 1989 . Sure, sure: Evidence and affect. . Text , 9 : 27 – 68 .
   Google Scholar
• Haviland , J. B. 1993 . Anchoring, iconicity, and orientation, in Guugo Yimidhirr pointing gestures. . Journal of Linguistic Anthropology , 3 : 3 – 45 .
   Google Scholar
• Haviland , J. B. 1998 . Early pointing gestures in Zinacantán. . Journal of Linguistic Anthropology , 8 : 162 – 196 .
   Google Scholar
• Haviland , J. B. 2003 . “ How to point in Zinacantán. ” . In Pointing: Where language, culture, and cognition meet , Edited by: Kita , S. 139 – 170 . Mahwah, NJ and London : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. .
   Google Scholar
• Haviland , J. B. 2005 . Whorish old man one (animal) gentleman: The intertextual construction of enemies and selves. . Journal of Linguistic Anthropology , 15 : 81 – 94 .
   Google Scholar
• Hofling , C. 1993 . Marking space and time in Itzaj Maya narrative. . Journal of Linguistic Anthropology , 3 : 164 – 184 .
   Google Scholar
• Hymes , D. 1974 . Foundations in sociolinguistics: An ethnographic approach. , Philadelphia : University of Pennsylvania Press .
   Google Scholar
• Iwamura , S. G. 1980 . The verbal games of pre-school children. , London : Billing & Sons .
   Google Scholar
• Jakobson , R. 1968 . Poetry of grammar and grammar of poetry. . Lingua , 21 : 597 – 609 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnstone , B. 1994 . Repetition in discourse: Interdisciplinary perspectives , Norwood, NJ : Ablex (Vols. 1 and 2). .
   Google Scholar
• Keenan , E. Ochs . 1974 . Conversational competence in children. . Journal of Child Language , 1 : 163 – 183 .
   Google Scholar
• Keenan , E. Ochs, E. 1977 . “ Making it last: Uses of repetition in children's discourse. ” . In Child discourse , Edited by: Ervin-Tripp , S. and Mitchell-Kernan , C. 125 – 138 . New York : Academic. .
   Google Scholar
• Keenan , E. Ochs . 1983 . “ Conversational competence in children. ” . In Acquiring conversational competence , Edited by: Ochs , E. and Schieffelin , B. 3 – 25 . London : Routledge & Kegan Paul. .
   Google Scholar
• Keenan , E. Ochs and Schieffelin , B. 1983 . Acquiring conversational competence. , Boston : Routledge & Kegan Paul .
   Google Scholar
• Kirshenblatt-Gimblett , B. 1976 . Speech play. , Philadelphia : University of Pennsylvania Press .
   Google Scholar
• Kirshenblatt-Gimblett , B. 1979 . “ Speech play and verbal art. ” . In Play and learning , Edited by: Sutton-Smith , B. 219 – 238 . Philadelphia : University of Pennsylvania Press. .
   Google Scholar
• Kyratzis , A. 2004 . Talk and interaction among children and the co-construction of peer groups and peer culture. . Annual Review of Anthropology , 33 : 625 – 649 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Labov , W. 1972 . Language in the inner city: Studies of Black English vernacular. , Philadelphia : University of Philadelphia Press .
   Google Scholar
• Laughlin , R. M. 1975 . The great Tzotzil dictionary of San Lorenzo Zinacantan. , Washington, DC : Smithsonian Institution Press .
   Google Scholar
• Martin , L. 1994 . Rhetorical elaboration and discourse structure in Mocho. . Journal of Linguistic Anthropology , 4 : 131 – 152 .
   Google Scholar
• Martin , L. 2000 . “ Parallelism and the spontaneous ritualization of ordinary talk: Three Mocho friends discuss a volcano. ” . In Translating Native Latin American verbal art: Ethnopoetics and ethnography of speaking , Edited by: Sammons , K. and Sherzer , J. 104 – 124 . Washington, DC : Smithsonian Institution Press. .
   Google Scholar
• Maynard , A. 2002 . Cultural teaching: The development of teaching skills in Maya sibling interactions. . Child Development , 73 : 969 – 982 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nuñez , K. 2005 . Escuela oficial, escuela autónoma y agencia infantil en dos comunidades choles [Official school, autonomous school, and children's agency in two Chol (Mayan) communities]. Tesis de Maestría en Antropología Social [M. A. Dissertation in Social Anthropology]. , México City : CIESAS. .
   Google Scholar
• Norman , W. N. 1980 . “ Grammatical parallelism in Quiche ritual language. ” . In Proceedings of the 6th annual meeting of the Berkeley Linguistic Society , 387 – 399 . Berkeley : University of California Press. .
   Google Scholar
• Ochs , E. 1988 . Culture and language development: Language acquisition and socialization in a Samoan village. , Cambridge, , England : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Pellegrini , A. D. 1981 . Speech play and language development in young children. . Journal of Research and Development in Education , 14 : 73 – 80 .
   Google Scholar
• Pellegrini , A. D. and Galda , L. 2001 . “I'm so glad I'm glad”: The role of emotions and close relationships in children play. ” . In Children in play, story, and school , Edited by: Göncü , A. and Klein , E. L. 204 – 219 . New York : Guildford. .
   Google Scholar
• Poveda , D. 2005 . Metalinguistic activity, humor and social competence in classroom discourse. . Pragmatics , 15 : 89 – 107 .
   Google Scholar
• Radcliffe-Brown , A. R. 1951 . The comparative method in social anthropology. . The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland , 81 : 15 – 22 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reynolds , J. F. 2002 . Maya children's practices of the imagination: (Dis)playing childhood and politics in Guatemala. , Los Angeles : Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Department of Anthropology, University of California .
   Google Scholar
• Reynolds , J. F. 2007/this issue . “Buenos Días ((Military Salute))”: The natural history of a coined insult. . Research on Language and Social Interaction , 40 : 437 – 465 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rindstedt , C. and Aronsson , K. 2002 . Growing up monolingual in a bilingual community: The Quichua revitalization paradox. . Language in Society , 31 : 721 – 742 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rogoff , B. 1990 . Apprenticeship in thinking: Cognitive development in a social context. , Oxford, , England : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Rus , J. and Collier , G. 2003 . “ A generation of crisis in the Central Highlands of Chiapas: The cases of Chamula and Zinacantán, 1974–2000 ” . In Mayan lives, mayan utopias , Edited by: Rus , J. , Hernández , A. and Mattiace , S. 33 – 61 . Lanham, Md : Rowman y Littlefield. .
   Google Scholar
• Sacks , H. 1992 . Lectures on conversation , Vol. 1. Cambridge, MA : Blackwell .
   Google Scholar
• Sacks , H. , Schegloff , E. A. and Jefferson , G. 1974 . A simplest systematics for the organization of turn-taking for conversation. . Language , 50 : 696 – 735 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sawyer , R. K. 2001 . “ Play as improvisational rehearsal: Multiple levels. ” . In Children in play, story, and school , Edited by: Göncü , A. and Klein , E. L. 19 – 38 . New York : Guildford. .
   Google Scholar
• Schegloff , E. A. 1968 . Sequencing in conversational openings. . American Anthropologist , 70 : 1075 – 1095 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schegloff , E. A. 1981 . “ Discourse as an interactional achievement: some uses of “Uhhuh” and other things that come between sentences. ” . In Analyzing discourse: Text and talk , Edited by: Tannen , D. 71 – 93 . Washington, DC : Georgetown University Round-table on Languages and Linguistics. .
   Google Scholar
• Schegloff , E. A. 1986 . The routine as achievement. . Human Studies , 9 : 111 – 151 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schegloff , E. and Sacks , H. 1973 . Opening up closings. . Semiotica , 8 : 289 – 327 .
   Google Scholar
• Schieffelin , B. B. and Ochs , E. 1986 . Language socialization across cultures. , Cambridge, , England : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Tannen , D. 1987 . Repetition in conversation: Toward a poetics of talk. . Language , 63 : 574 – 605 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tedlock , D. 1983 . “ The forms of Mayan verse. ” . In The spoken word and the work of interpretation , Edited by: Tedlock , D. 216 – 232 . Philadelphia : University of Pennsylvania Press. .
   Google Scholar
• Vogt , E. Z. 1970 . The Zinacantecos of Mexico. , New York : Holt, Reinhart & Winston. .
   Google Scholar
• Voloshinov , V. N. 1971 . “ Reported speech. ” . In Readings in Russian poetics: Formalist and structuralist views , Edited by: Matejka , L. and Pomorska , K. 149 – 175 . Cambridge, MA : MIT Press. .
   Google Scholar