501
Views
25
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Audience orientations toward new media

&
Pages 338-351 | Published online: 06 Jun 2009

References

  • Abela , D. 1997 . Clicking the night away: A uses and gratifications approach to internet use in Malta . Retrieved May 22, 2000 from, http://www.oberonlabs.com/dabela/
  • Blumler , J. G. 1979 . The role of theory in uses and gratifications studies . Communication Research , 6 : 9 – 36 .
  • DeVellis , R. F. 1991 . Scale development: Theory and applications , Newbury Park, CA : Sage .
  • Ferguson , D. A. and Perse , E. M. 2000 . The World Wide Web as a functional alternative to television . Journal of Broadcasting and Electronic Media , 44 : 155 – 174 .
  • Flanagin , A. J. and Metzger , M. J. 2001 . Internet use in the contemporary media environment . Human Communication Research , 27 : 153 – 181 .
  • Flanagin , A. J. and Metzger , M. J. 2000 . Perceptions of Internet information credibility . Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly , 77 : 515 – 540 .
  • Garramone , G. M. 1984 . Audience motivation effect: More evidence . Communication Research , 11 : 79 – 96 .
  • Gorsuch , R. L. 1983 . Factor analysis , Hillsdale, NJ : Erlbaum .
  • Hearn , G. 1989 . Active and passive conceptions of the television audience: Effects of a change in viewing routine . Human Relations , 42 : 857 – 875 .
  • Jeffries , L. and Atkin , D. 1996 . Predicting use of technologies for communication and consumer needs . Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media , 40 : 318 – 330 .
  • Kim , J. and Rubin , A. M. 1997 . The variable influence of audience activity on media effects . Communication Research , 24 : 107 – 135 .
  • King , R. C. and Xia , W. D. 1997 . Media appropriateness: Effects of experience on communication media choice . Decision Sciences , 28 : 877 – 910 .
  • Levy , M. R. 1987 . VCR use and the concept of audience activity . Communication Quarterly , 35 (3) : 267 – 275 .
  • Levy , M. R. and Windahl , S. 1984 . Audience activity and gratifications: A conceptual clarification and exploration . Communication Research , 11 : 51 – 78 .
  • Levy , M. R. and Windahl , S. 1985 . “ The concept of audience activity ” . In Media gratifications research: Current perspectives , Edited by: Rosengren , K. E. , Wenner , L. A. and Palmgreen , P. 109 – 122 . Beverly Hills, CA : Sage .
  • Neuman , W. R. 1991 . The future of the mass audience , Cambridge University Press .
  • Papacharissi , Z. and Rubin , A. M. 2000 . Predictors of Internet use . Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media , 44 : 175 – 196 .
  • Perse , E. M. 1990a . Audience selectivity and involvement in the newer media environment . Communication Research , 17 : 675 – 697 .
  • Perse , E. M. 1990b . Involvement with local television news: Cognitive and emotional dimensions . Human Communication Research , 16 : 556 – 581 .
  • Perse , E. M. 1990c . Media involvement and local news effects . Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media , 34 : 17 – 36 .
  • Perse , E. M. 1998 . Implications of cognitive and affective involvement for channel changing . Journal of Communication , 48 : 49 – 65 .
  • Perse , E. M. and Courtright , J. A. 1993 . Normative images of communication media: Mass and interpersonal channels in the new media environment . Human Communication Research , 19 : 485 – 503 .
  • Perse , E. M. and Dunn , D. G. 1998 . The utility of home computers: Implications of multimedia and connectivity . Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media , 42 : 435 – 456 .
  • Perse , E. M. and Rubin , A. M. 1988 . Audience activity and satisfaction with favorite television soap opera . Journalism Quarterly , 65 : 368 – 375 .
  • Pew Research Center for the People and the Press . 1999 . The Internet news audience goes ordinary . January 14 Retrieved March 13, 2000 from, http://www.people‐press.org/tech98sum.htm
  • 1997 . “ Reno v. American Civil Liberties Union ” . In U. S. Supreme Court Reports Vol. 521 , 844
  • Rubin , A. M. 1984 . Ritualized and instrumental television viewing . Journal of Communication , 34 (3) : 67 – 77 .
  • Rubin , A. M. 1993 . Audience activity and media use . Communication Monographs , 60 : 98 – 105 .
  • Rubin , A. M. 1994 . “ Media uses and effects: A uses‐and‐gratifications perspective ” . In Media effects: Advances in theory and research , Edited by: Bryant , J. and Zillmann , D. 417 – 436 . Hillsdale, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum .
  • Rubin , A. M. 1998 . “ Personal involvement with the media ” . In Communication: Views from the helm for the 21st century , Edited by: Trent , J. S. 257 – 263 . Boston : Allyn and Bacon .
  • Rubin , A. M. and Perse , E. M. 1987a . Audience activity and soap opera involvement: A uses and effects investigation . Human Communication Research , 14 : 246 – 268 .
  • Rubin , A. M. and Perse , E. M. 1987b . Audience activity and television news gratifications . Communication Research , 14 : 58 – 84 .
  • Rubin , A. M. , Perse , E. M. and Powell , R. A. 1985 . Loneliness, parasocial interaction, and local news viewing . Human Communication Research , 12 : 155 – 180 .
  • Tewksbury , D. and Althaus , S. A. 2000 . An examination of motivations for using the World Wide Web . Communication Research Reports , 17 (2) : 127 – 138 .
  • Tremayne , M. The Internet user: Active, passive, or both? . Paper presented at the 49th annual meeting of the International Communication Association . San Francisco, CA. May ,
  • Webster , J. G. and Phalen , P. F. 1994 . “ Victim, consumer, or commodity? Audience models in communication policy ” . In Audiencemaking: How the media create the audience , Edited by: Ettema , J. S. and Whitney , D. C. 19 – 37 . Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage .
  • Williams , F. , Phillips , A. F. and Lum , P. 1985 . “ Gratifications associated with new communication technologies ” . In Media gratifications research: Current perspectives , Edited by: Rosengren , K. E. , Wenner , L. A. and Palmgreen , P. 241 – 252 . Beverly Hills, CA : Sage .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.