Separation of Europium from Cobalt Using Antimony Silicates in Sulfate Acidic Media

REFERENCES

• Abe , M. , 1979 , “Synthetic inorganic ion-exchanger materials. XX. Ion-exchange properties of crystalline antimonic(V) acid with alkaline earth metal ions.” Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan , 52 ( 5 ), p. 1386 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abe , M. , Kataoka , T. , and Suzuki , T. , 1991 , New Developments in Ion Exchange , Tokyo : Elsevier/Kodansha .
   Google Scholar
• Al-Attar , L. , Dyer , A. , and Harjula , R. , 2003 , “Uptake of radionuclides on microporous and layered ion exchange materials.” Journal of Materials Chemistry , 13 , pp. 2963 – 2968 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ali , I. M. , 2009 , “Sorption studies of 134Cs, 60Co and 152+154Eu on phosphoric acid activated silico-antimonate crystals in high acidic media.” Chemical Engineering Journal , 155 , pp. 580 – 585 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aly , H. F. and El-Nagger , I. M. , 1998 , “Synthesis of tetravalent metal antimonates: characteristics and use in treatment of radioactive waste solutions.” Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry , 228 , pp. 151 – 160 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bortun , A. I. , Bortun , L. , and Clearfield , A. , 1996 , “Ion exchange properties of a cesium ion selective titanosilicate.” Solvent Extraction and Ion Exchange , 14 ( 2 ), pp. 341 – 354 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cox , C. , 2008 , Rare Earth Innovation, Herndon, VA: The Anchor House Inc. http://theanchorhouse.com
   Google Scholar
• Dhara , S. , Sarkar , S. , Basu , S. , and Chattopadhyay , P. , 2009 , “A novel aluminum vanadate ion exchanger and its use for separation of 137mBa. 115mIn and 110mAg from 137Cs. 115Cd and 198Au, respectively.” Applied Radiation and Isotopes , 67 , pp. 1764 – 1768 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doyle , F. M. , Benz , M. G. , Shei , J. C. , Bao , D. S. , Ku , H. X. , and Zhen , N. D. , 2000 , “Direct production of mixed, rare earth oxide feed for high energy-product magnets,” In Rare Earths and Actinides: Science. Technology and Applications IV , ( R. G. Bautista and B. Mishra , Eds.), Warrendale , PA : TMS , pp. 31 – 44 .
   Google Scholar
• El Naggar , I. M. , Belacy , N. , Mohamed , D. A. , and Abou Mesalam , M. M. , 1999 , “Synthesis and characterization of silicon titanate as cation exchanger and their use in the treatment of radioactive liquid waste,” In Proceedings of the International Conference on Hazardous Waste Sources, Effects and Management, Cairo, Egypt, December 12–16, p. 841.
   Google Scholar
• El-Naggar , I. M. , Mowafy , E. A. , El-Aryan , Y. F. , and Abd El-Wahed , M. G. , 2007 , “Sorption mechanism for Cs+. Co2+ and Eu3+ on amorphous zirconium silicate as cation exchanger.” Solid State Ionics , 178 , pp. 741 – 747 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gorman , S. , 2009 , As Hybrid Cars Gobble Rare Metals, Shortage Looms. http://www.reuters.com/article/newsOne/idUSTRE57U02B20090831
   Google Scholar
• Harjula , R. O. , Moller , J. T. , Amin , S. , Dyer , A. , Pillinger , M. , Newton , J. A. , Tuse , E. H. , and Webb , M. , 2004 , Antimony silicate adsorbent for removal of metal ions, US patent 2004/0065620 A1.
   Google Scholar
• Koivula , R. , Harjula , R. , and Lehto , J. , 2002 , “Structure and ion exchange properties of tin antimonates with various Sn and Sb contents.” Journal of Microporous and Mesoporous Materials , 55 , pp. 231 – 238 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lifton , J. , 2010, “The battle over rare earth metals.” Journal of Energy Security , January 2010. http://www.ensec.org/index.php?option=com_content&view-article&id=228:the-battle-over-rare-earth-metals&catid-102:issuecontent&Itemid-355
   Google Scholar
• Malinen , L. K. , Koivula , R. , and Harjula , R. , 2009 , “Sorption of radiocobalt and its EDTA complex on titanium antimonates.” Journal of Hazardous Materials , 172 , pp. 875 – 879 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marageh , M. G. , Husain , S. W. , Khanchi , A. R. , and Ahmadi , S. J. , 1996 , “Sorption studies of radionuclides on a new ion-exchanger: cerium(III) silicate.” Journal of Applied Radiation and Isotopes , 47 , p. 501 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moller , T. , Clearfield , A. , and Harjula , R. , 2002 , “Preparation of hydrous metal of Sb, Si, Ti and W with a pyrochlore structure and exchange of radioactive cesium strontium into the materials.” Microporous and Mesoporous Materials , 54 , pp. 187 – 199 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moller , T. , Harjula , R. , Kelokaski , P. , Vaaramaa , K. , Karhu , P. , and Lehto , J. , 2003 , “Titanium antimonates in various Ti:Sb ratios: ion exchange properties for radionuclide ions.” Journal of Materials Chemistry , 13 , pp. 535 – 543 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nabi , S. A. , Shalla , A. H. , Khan , A. M. , and Ganie , S. A. , 2007 , “Synthesis, characterization and analytical applications of titanium(IV) molybdosilicate: a cation ion-exchanger.” Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects , 302 ( 1–3 ), pp. 241 – 250 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nikolskii , B. P. and Ramoankov , P. G. , 1980 , Ion Exchange in Chemical Technology , Moscow : Khimia .
   Google Scholar
• Nilchi , A. , Maalek , B. , Khanchi , A. , Maragheh , M. G. , and Bagheri , A. , 2006 , “Cerium(IV) molybdate cation exchanger: Synthesis, properties and ion separation capabilities.” Radiation Physics and Chemistry , 75 , pp. 301 – 308 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nilchi , A. , Yaftian , M. , Aboulhasanlo , G. , and Garmarodi , S. R. , 2009 , “Adsorption of selected ions on hydrous cerium oxide.” Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry , 279 ( 1 ), pp. 65 – 74 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nishiyama , G. , 2007 , “Japan urges China to ease rare metals supply.” Reuters, 10 March 2008. http://www.reuters.com/article/latestCrisis/idUSL08815827
   Google Scholar
• Qureshi , M. and Varshney , K. G. , 1991 , Inorganic Ion Exchange in Chemical Analysis , Boca Raton , FL : CRC Press .
   Google Scholar
• Siddiqi , Z. M. and Pathania , D. , 2003 , “Titanium(IV) tungstosilicate and titanium(IV) tungstophosphate: Two new inorganic ion exchangers.” Journal of Chromatography A , 987 ( 1–2 ), pp. 147 – 158 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Varshney , K. and Gupta , G. , 1990 , “Tin(IV) antimonate as a lead-selective cation exchanger: synthesis, characterization and analytical applications.” Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan , 63 , pp. 1515 – 1520 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Varshney , K. G. , Agarwal , K. , Agarwal , S. , Saxena , V. , and Khan , A. R. , 1988 , “Synthetic, kinetic and analytical studies on titanium(IV) arsenosilicate ion exchanger: separation of lead from its synthetic alloys.” Colloids and Surfaces , 29 ( 2 ), pp. 175 – 189 .
   Google Scholar
• Yavari , R. , Ahmadia , S. J. , Huangb , Y. D. , Khanchia , A. R. , Bagheria , G. , and He , J. M. , 2009 , “Synthesis, characterization and analytical application of a new inorganic cation exchanger titanium(IV) molybdophosphate.” Talanta , 77 , pp. 1179 – 1184 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zonoza , F. M. , Ahmadib , S. J. , Nosrati , S. A. , and Maragheh , M. G. , 2009 , “Preparation and characterization of zirconium(IV) molybdo tungsto vanadosilicate as a novel inorganic ion exchanger in sorption of radionuclides.” Journal of Hazardous Materials , 169 , pp. 808 – 812 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar