87
Views
9
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Hot Working of Zirconium Alloys: Some Recent Developments

&
Pages 197-220 | Received 11 Jul 2000, Published online: 26 Mar 2008

References

  • Chedale , B. A. , Aldrige , S. A. and Ells , C. E. ( 1972 ). Development of texture and structure in Zr-2.5 Nb extruded tubes . Can. Met. Qtly. , 11 , 121 – 127 .
  • Konishi , T. , Matsuda , K. and Teranishi , H. ( 1972 ). Effect of Oxygen and Fabrication Variables on Mechanical Properties , Can. Met. Qtly. , 11 . 165 – 175 .
  • McQueen , H. J. and Bourell , D. L. ( 1988 ). Thermomechanical Processing of Titanium, Zirconium, Magnesium and Zinc in the HCP Structure , 5 , 163 – 189 .
  • Bourell , D. L. and McQueen , H. J. ( 1987 ). Thermomechanical Processing of Iron, Titanium, and Zirconium Alloys in the BCC structure , 5 , 53 – 73 .
  • Douglass , D. L. ( 1971 ). Physical Metallurgy of Zirconium, Atomic Energy Review (SuppI) , IAEA , Vienna , Austria .
  • Lutton , M. J. and Jonas , J. J. ( 1972 ). Solute strengthening at high temperatures in Zirconium-Tin alloys , Can. Metati. Quart. , 11 , 79 – 90 .
  • Abson , D. J. and Jonas , J. J. ( 1973 ). Substructure strengthening in Zirconium and Zirconium-Tin alloys , J. Nucl. Mater. , 42 , 73 – 85 .
  • Meherotra , B. N. and Tangri , K. ( 1980 ). High temperature (600°C-800°C) thermally activated deformation behaviour of a-Zircaloy-4 Oxygen alloys , Acta MetalL.lS , 1385 – 1394 .
  • Choubey , R. , Jonas , J. J. and Chedale , B. A. ( 1982 ). Strain ageing and strain rate sensitivity of oxygen enriched (a+/3) Zircaloy-2 , Met. Trans. , 13 A, 1957 – 1964 .
  • Choubey , R. , Jonas , J. J. , Holt , R. A. and Ells , C. E. ( 1982 ). Zirconium in the Nuclear Industry V. STP 754 , ASTM Philadelphia , pp. 350 – 369 .
  • Petersen , C. ( 1973 ). Literature search on properties of Zircaloy-4 at high temperature (Report KFK-EXT.6/73–6). Translation AECL-5101 , Atomic Energy of Canada , Massissauga , Ontario , Canada .
  • Garde , A. M. ( 1979 ). Strain ageing in a-Zirconium and a-Zircaloy-2 at 1000K . J. Nuci. Mater. , 80 , 195 – 206 .
  • Garde , A. M. , Chung , H. M. and Kassner , T. F. ( 1978 ). Micrograin superplasticity at 850°C , Acta Metali , 26 . 153 – 166 .
  • Bocek , M. , Fassist , G. and Petersen , C. ( 1976 ). Examination of plastic properties of Zircalloy-4 at elevated temperature in air and oxygen , J. Nucl. Mater. , 26 , 26 – 32 .
  • Rizkalla , A. S. , Holt , R. A. and Jonas , J. J. ( 1980 ). Zirconium in the Nuclear Industry IV. ASTM STP 681 , ASTM , Philadelphia , pp. 497 – 513 .
  • Rosinger , H. E. , Bera , P. C. and Clendening , W. R. ( 1979 ). Steady State Creep of Zircaloy-4 Fuel Cladding from 940 to 1873 K . J. Nucl. Mater. , 82 . 286 – 297 .
  • Salinas-Rodriguez , A. , Akben , M. G. , Jonas , J. J. and Ibrahim , E. F. ( 1985 ). Comparative study of the deformation behaviour of Zr-2.5wt% Nb and Excel pressure tube alloys , Can. Metali. Quart. , 24 , 259 – 272 .
  • Jonas , J. J. , Heritier , B. and Luton , M. J. ( 1979 ). Annealing hardening and flow softening in beta Zirconium-Niobium alloys , Metali Trans (A). 10 , 611 – 620 .
  • Choubey , R. and Jonas , J. J. ( 1981 ). High temperature flow and ageing behaviour of oxygen-enriched Zircaloy-2 and Zr-2.5% Nb , Metal. Set. , 15 , 30 – 38 .
  • Choubey , R. , Jonas , J. J. and Chedale , B. A. ( 1982 ). Strain Ageing and Strain Rate Sensitivity of Oxygen Enriched (Q + /3) Zircaloy-2 , Met. Trans. , 13 A, 1957 - 1964 .
  • Holm , K. , Embury , J. D. and Purdy , G. R. ( 1977 ). The structure and properties of micro duplex Zirconium- Niobium alloys , Acta Metali , 25 . 1191 – 1200 .
  • Nutall , K. , ( 1976 ). Superplasticity in the Zr-2.5% Nb alloy , Scripta. Metali. , 10 , 835 – 840 .
  • Rosinger , H. E. and Unger , A. E. ( 1979 ). Superplastic and Strain Rate Dependent Plastic Flow of Zr-2.5 Nb Between 873 To 1373 K , AECL-6418 , Atomic Energy Canada , Pinawa , Manitoba .
  • Singh , R. N. , Kishore , R. , Sinha , T. K. and Kapshyap , B. P. ( 1993 ). Superplastic deformation behaviour of a Zr-2.5% Nb pressure tube alloy , Scripta. Metali. el. Materiala. 28 , 937 – 942 .
  • Ostberg , G. and Attermo , R. ( 1962 ). Structural transformations in Zircaloy-2 during hot working process , J. Nucl. Mater. , 5 , 120 – 127 .
  • Perovic , V. , Weatherly , G. C. and Fleck , R. G. ( 1985 ). Characterisation of dislocation sub structure in Zr-2.5 Nb pressure tube alloys . Can. Mel. Qtly. , 24 , 253 – 257 .
  • Ho , E. T. C. and Perovic , V. ( 1983 ). Deformation Behaviour of Zr-2.5 wt% Nb alloy in the temperature range 723 K. to 1023 K , In Deformation of Multiphase and Particle Containing Materials, 4th. RISO International Symposium , Denmark , pp. 301 – 306 .
  • McQueen , H. J. and Jonas , J. J. ( 1975 ). Recovery and re-crystallization during high temperature deformation . Treatise on Material Science and Technology ( Ed. Arsenault, R. J. ), 6 , 339 – 493 .
  • Jonas , J. J. , Sellars , C. M. and Tegart , W. J. Mc. G. ( 1969 ). Strength and structure under hot working conditions , Metali. Rev. , 17 , 1 – 24 .
  • Dadras , P. and Thomas , J. F. Jr. ( 1981 ). Characterization of Modeling for Forging Deformation of Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo-0.ISi . Metali. Trans. , 12 A, 1867 – 1873 .
  • Buhler , H. and Wagener , H. W. ( 1967 ). Die Staucheigenschaften von zirkonuim und Zircaloy-2, Z . Metallkd. , 58 ( H2 ), 136 – 144 .
  • Prasad , Y. V. R. K. and Seshacharyulu , T. ( 1998 ). Modeling of Hot Deformation for Microstructural Control , Int. Mater. Rev. , 43 ( 6 ), 243 – 258 .
  • Prasad , Y. V. R. K. , ( 1990 ). Recent advances in the science of mechanical processing , Ind. J. Technology , 28 , 435 – 451 .
  • Laue , K. , and Stenger , H. ( 1976 ). Extrusion process machine tooling. American Soc. for Metals , Metals Park , Ohio , pp. 184 – 185 .
  • Gegel , H. L. , Malas , J. C. , Doraivelu , S. M. and Shende , V. A. ( 1988 ). Modeling techniques used for forging process design , 14 , Ninth edition, Metals Hand Book , ASM International , Metals Park , Ohio , 417 – 438 .
  • Chakravartty , J. K. , Prasad , Y. V. R. K. and Asundi , M. K. (1991). Processing Map for Hot Working of Alpha-Zirconium , Mel. Trans. , 22A , 829 – 836 .
  • Chakravartty , I. K. , Banerjee , S. and Prasad , Y. V. R. K. ( 1992 ). Superplasticity in -Zirconium, a study using processing map . Scripta. Metall. , 26 , 75 – 78 .
  • Chakravartty , J. K. , Banerjee , S. , Prasad, Y. V. R. K. and Asundi , M. K. ( 1992 ). Hot Working Characteristics of Zircaloy-2 in the Temperature Range of 650°-950° , J. Nucl. Mater. , 187 , 260 – 271 .
  • Chakravartty , J. K. , Prasad , Y. V. R. K. and Asundi , M. K. ( 1992 ). Processing Map and Hot Working Characteristics of Zircaloy-2 , Zirconium in Nuclear Industry Ninth Int. Sympo. , ASTM STP 1132 , ASTM . Philadelphia , pp. 44 – 61 .
  • Chakravartty , J. K. , Dey , G. K. , Banerjee , S. and Prasad , Y. V. R. K. , ( 1996 ). Dynamic Recrystallisation During Hot Deformation of Zr-2.5% Nb Characterisation Using Processing Maps . Mat. Sci. Techno. , 12 , 705 – 716 .
  • Chakravartty , J. K. , Dey , G. K. , Banerjee , S. and Prasad , Y. V. R. K. ( 1995 ). Characterisation of Hot Deformation Behaviour of Zr-2.5 Nb-0.5 Cu using Processing Maps , J. Nucl. Mater. , 218 , 247 – 255 .
  • Chakravartty , J. K. ( 1992 ). Optimisation of hot workability and control of microstructure in Zirconium and Zirconium alloys using processing maps , Ph.D. (Engg.) Thesis , Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore , India .
  • Kalyanakumar , A. K. S. , ( 1987 ). Criteria for predicting metallurgical instabilities in processing , MSc. (Engg.) Thesis , Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore , India .
  • Sastry , D. H. , Luton , M. J. and Jonas , J. J. ( 1974 ). Stacking fault energy and it's influence on high temperature plastic flow in Zirconium-Tin alloy . Philo. Mag. 30 . 115 – 127 .
  • Prasad , Y. V. R. K. , and Ravichandran , N. ( 1991 ). Effect of stacking fault energy on the dynamic recrystallisation during hot working , Bull. Materials Science , 14 , 1241 – 1248 .
  • Pande , P. ( 1991 ). Nuclear Fuel Complex Complex ( Hyderabad . India ), Private communication .
  • Tender , R. , Santos , E. , Abrita , J. and Varotto , C. F. ( 1974 ). Thermodvmaics of Nuclear Materials ( IAEA , Vienna . 1975 ), 11 , 71 – 94 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.