Xuezhikang ameliorates contrast media-induced nephropathy in rats via suppression of oxidative stress, inflammatory responses and apoptosis

References

• Peter A. McCullough contrast-induced acute kidney injury. J Am College Cardiol. 2008;51:1419–1428.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stacul F, van der Molen AJ, Reimer P, et al. Contrast induced nephropathy: Updated ESUR Contrast Media Safety Committee guidelines. Eur Radiol. 2011;2:2527–2541.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gazzerro P, Proto MC, Gangemi G, et al. Pharmacological actions of statins: A critical appraisal in the management of cancer. Pharmacol Rev. 2012;64:102–146.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao SP, Liu L, Cheng YC, Li YL. Effect of xuezhikang, a Cholestin extract, on reflecting postprandial triglyceridemia after a high-fat meal in patients with coronary heart disease. Atherosclerosis. 2003;168:375–380.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu L, Zhao SP, Cheng YC, Li YL. Xuezhikang decreases serum lipoprotein(a) and C-reactive protein concentrations in patients with coronary heart disease. Clin Chem. 2003;49:1347–1352.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sun SQ, Zhang T, Nie P, et al. A novel rat model of contrast-induced acute kidney injury. Int J Cardiol. 2014;172:e48–e50.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yamasowa H, Shimizu S, Inoue T, et al. Endothelial nitric oxide contributes to the renal protective effects of ischemic preconditioning. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2005;312:153–159.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marenzi G, Cosentino N, Werba JP, Tedesco CC, Veglia F, Bartorelli AL. A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials on statins for the prevention of contrast-induced acute kidney injury in patients with and without acute coronary syndromes. Int J Cardiol. 2015;183:47–53.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoshi T, Sato A, Kakefuda Y, et al. Preventive effect of statin pretreatment on contrast-induced acute kidney injury in patients undergoing coronary angioplasty: Propensity score analysis from a multicenter registry. Int J Cardiol. 2014;171:243–249.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Han Y, Zhu G, Han L, et al. Short-term rosuvastatin therapy for prevention of contrast-induced acute kidney injury in patients with diabetes and chronic kidney disease. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014;63:62–70.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao SP, Liu L, Cheng YC, et al. Xuezhikang, an extract of cholestin, protects endothelial function through antiinflammatory and lipid-lowering mechanisms in patients with coronary heart disease. Circulation. 2004;110:915–920.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quintavalle C, Brenca M, De Micco F, et al. In vivo and in vitro assessment of pathways involved in contrast media-induced renal cells apoptosis. Cell Death Dis. 2011;2:e155.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guerchicoff A, Stone GW, Mehran R, et al. Analysis of biomarkers for risk of acute kidney injury after primary angioplasty for acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: Results of the HORIZONS-AMI trial. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2015;85:335–342.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Toso A, Leoncini M, Maioli M, et al. Relationship between inflammation and benefits of early high-dose rosuvastatin on contrast-induced nephropathy in patients with acute coronary syndrome: The pathophysiological link in the PRATO-ACS study (Protective Effect of Rosuvastatin and Antiplatelet Therapy on Contrast-Induced Nephropathy and Myocardial Damage in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome Undergoing Coronary Intervention). JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2014;7:1421–1429.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gao F, Zhou YJ, Zhu X, Wang ZJ, Yang SW, Shen H. C-reactive protein and the risk of contrast-induced acute kidney injury in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Am J Nephrol. 2011;34:203–210.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fan XF, Deng YQ, Ye L, et al. Effect of Xuezhikang capsule on serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and hyperlipidemia. Chin J Integr Med. 2010;16:119–123.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhu XY, Li P, Yang YB, Liu ML. Xuezhikang, extract of red yeast rice, improved abnormal hemorheology, suppressed caveolin-1 and increased eNOS expression in atherosclerotic rats. PLoS One. 2013;8:e62731.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ding M, Si DY, Zhang WQ, Feng ZH, He M, Yang P. Red yeast rice repairs kidney damage and reduces inflammatory transcription factors in rat models of hyperlipidemia. Exp Ther Med. 2014;8:1737–1744.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chang CF, Lu TM, Yang WC, Lin SJ, Lin CC, Chung MY. Gene polymorphisms of interleukin-10 and tumor necrosis factor-α are associated with contrast-induced nephropathy. Am J Nephrol. 2013;37:110–117.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Machado RA, Constantino Lde S, Tomasi CD, Rojas HA, Vuolo FS, Vitto MF. Sodium butyrate decreases the activation of NF-κB reducing inflammation and oxidative damage in the kidney of rats subjected to contrast-induced nephropathy. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2012;27:3136–3140.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hudzik B, Szkodzinski J, Danikiewicz A, Romanowski W, Lekston A, Polonski L. Serum interleukin-6 concentration predicts contrast-induced nephropathy in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Eur Cytokine Netw. 2010;21:129–135.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang ZX, Huang X, Jiang J, et al. (2014) Natural killer cells play a critical role in cardiac allograft vasculopathy in an interleukin-6-dependent manner. Transplantation. 2014;98:1029–1039.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaszuba-Zwoinska J, Ziomber A, Gil K, Bugajski A, Zaraska W, Thor P. Pulsating electromagnetic field induces apoptosis of rat’s bowel Cajal’s cells. Folia Med Cracov. 2005;46:87–85.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• An S, Hishikawa Y, Liu J, Koji T. Lung injury after ischemia-reperfusion of small intestine in rats involves apoptosis of type II alveolar epithelial cells mediated by TNF-alpha and activation of Bid pathway. Apoptosis. 2007;12:1989–2001.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abdelkader NF, Safar MM, Salem HA. Ursodeoxycholic acid ameliorates apoptotic cascade in the rotenone model of Parkinson’s disease: Modulation of mitochondrial perturbations. Mol Neurobiol. 2016;53:810–817.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lu Z, Kou W, Du B, et al. Effect of Xuezhikang, an extract from red yeast Chinese rice, on coronary events in a Chinese population with previous myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol. 2008;101:1689–1693.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li JJ, Hu SS, Fang CH, et al. Effects of Xuezhikang, an extract of cholestin, on lipid profile and C-reactive protein: A short-term time course study in patients with stable angina. Clin Chim Acta. 2005;352:217–224.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar