Specific alterations in gut microbiota in patients with chronic kidney disease: an updated systematic review

References

• Saran R, Robinson B, Abbott KC, et al. US Renal Data System 2017 Annual Data Report: epidemiology of kidney disease in the United States. Am J Kidney Dis. 2018;71(3):A7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang L, Wang F, Wang L, et al. Prevalence of chronic kidney disease in China: a cross-sectional survey. Lancet (London, England). 2012;379(9818):815–822.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coresh J, Selvin E, Stevens LA, et al. Prevalence of chronic kidney disease in the United States. JAMA. 2007;298(17):2038–2047.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hallan SI, Coresh J, Astor BC, et al. International comparison of the relationship of chronic kidney disease prevalence and ESRD risk. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2006;17(8):2275–2284.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang T, Richards EM, Pepine CJ, et al. The gut microbiota and the brain-gut-kidney axis in hypertension and chronic kidney disease. Nat Rev Nephrol. 2018;14(7):442–456.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meijers B, Evenepoel P, Anders HJ. Intestinal microbiome and fitness in kidney disease. Nat Rev Nephrol. 2019;15(9):531–545.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Evenepoel P, Poesen R, Meijers B. The gut-kidney axis. Pediatr Nephrol. 2017;32(11):2005–2014.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Honda K, Littman DR. The microbiota in adaptive immune homeostasis and disease. Nature. 2016;535(7610):75–84.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thaiss CA, Zmora N, Levy M, et al. The microbiome and innate immunity. Nature. 2016;535(7610):65–74.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Briskey D, Tucker P, Johnson DW, et al. The role of the gastrointestinal tract and microbiota on uremic toxins and chronic kidney disease development. Clin Exp Nephrol. 2017;21(1):7–15.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wong J, Piceno YM, DeSantis TZ, et al. Expansion of urease- and uricase-containing, indole- and p-cresol-forming and contraction of short-chain fatty acid-producing intestinal microbiota in ESRD. Am J Nephrol. 2014;39(3):230–237.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lu CC, Ma KL, Ruan XZ, et al. Intestinal dysbiosis activates renal renin–angiotensin system contributing to incipient diabetic nephropathy. Int J Med Sci. 2018;15(8):816–822.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Everard A, Cani PD. Gut microbiota and GLP-1. Rev Endocr Metab Disord. 2014;15(3):189–196.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vaziri ND, Zhao YY, Pahl MV. Altered intestinal microbial flora and impaired epithelial barrier structure and function in CKD: the nature, mechanisms, consequences and potential treatment. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2016;31(5):737–746.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang F, Jiang H, Shi K, et al. Gut bacterial translocation is associated with microinflammation in end-stage renal disease patients. Nephrology (Carlton). 2012;17(8):733–738.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stang A. Critical evaluation of the Newcastle-Ottawa scale for the assessment of the quality of nonrandomized studies in meta-analyses. Eur J Epidemiol. 2010;25(9):603–605.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhong Z, Tan J, Tan L, et al. Modifications of gut microbiota are associated with the severity of IgA nephropathy in the Chinese population. Int Immunopharmacol. 2020;89:107085.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu X, Du J, Xie Y, et al. Fecal microbiota characteristics of Chinese patients with primary IgA nephropathy: a cross-sectional study. BMC Nephrol. 2020;21(1):97.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Angelis M, Montemurno E, Piccolo M, et al. Microbiota and metabolome associated with immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN). PLoS One. 2014;9(6):e99006.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tao S, Li L, Li L, et al. Understanding the gut-kidney axis among biopsy-proven diabetic nephropathy, type 2 diabetes mellitus and healthy controls: an analysis of the gut microbiota composition. Acta Diabetol. 2019;56(5):581–592.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vaziri ND, Wong J, Pahl M, et al. Chronic kidney disease alters intestinal microbial flora. Kidney Int. 2013;83(2):308–315.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiang S, Xie S, Lv D, et al. Alteration of the gut microbiota in Chinese population with chronic kidney disease. Sci Rep. 2017;7(1):2870.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stadlbauer V, Horvath A, Ribitsch W, et al. Structural and functional differences in gut microbiome composition in patients undergoing haemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis. Sci Rep. 2017;7(1):15601.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Guirong YE, Minjie Z, Lixin YU, et al. Gut microbiota in renal transplant recipients, patients with chronic kidney disease and healthy subjects. Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao. 2018;38(12):1401–1408.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Li Y, Su X, Zhang L, et al. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiome is associated with CKD5 and correlated with clinical indices of the disease: a case-controlled study. J Transl Med. 2019;17(1):228.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wang X, Yang S, Li S, et al. Aberrant gut microbiota alters host metabolome and impacts renal failure in humans and rodents. Gut. 2020;69(12):2131–2142.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ren Z, Fan Y, Li A, et al. Alterations of the human gut microbiome in chronic kidney disease. Adv Sci (Weinh). 2020;7(20):2001936.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Xu KY, Xia GH, Lu JQ, et al. Impaired renal function and dysbiosis of gut microbiota contribute to increased trimethylamine-N-oxide in chronic kidney disease patients. Sci Rep. 2017;7(1):1445.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu X, Ouyang S, Xie Y, et al. Characterizing the gut microbiota in patients with chronic kidney disease. Postgrad Med. 2020;132(6):495–505.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li F, Wang M, Wang J, et al. Alterations to the gut microbiota and their correlation with inflammatory factors in chronic kidney disease. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2019;9:206.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Margiotta E, Miragoli F, Callegari ML, et al. Gut microbiota composition and frailty in elderly patients with chronic kidney disease. PLoS One. 2020;15(4):e0228530.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu IW, Lin CY, Chang LC, et al. Gut microbiota as diagnostic tools for mirroring disease progression and circulating nephrotoxin levels in chronic kidney disease: discovery and validation study. Int J Biol Sci. 2020;16(3):420–434.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lun H, Yang W, Zhao S, et al. Altered gut microbiota and microbial biomarkers associated with chronic kidney disease. Microbiologyopen. 2019;8(4):e00678.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salguero MV, Al-Obaide MAI, Singh R, et al. Dysbiosis of Gram-negative gut microbiota and the associated serum lipopolysaccharide exacerbates inflammation in type 2 diabetic patients with chronic kidney disease. Exp Ther Med. 2019;18(5):3461–3469.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Terpstra ML, Sinnige MJ, Hugenholtz F, et al. Butyrate production in patients with end-stage renal disease. Int J Nephrol Renovasc Dis. 2019;12:87–101.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Al-Obaide MAI, Singh R, Datta P, et al. Gut microbiota-dependent trimethylamine-N-oxide and serum biomarkers in patients with T2DM and advanced CKD. J Clin Med. 2017;6(9):86.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhu F, Ju Y, Wang W, et al. Metagenome-wide association of gut microbiome features for schizophrenia. Nat Commun. 2020;11(1):1612.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang IK, Lai HC, Yu CJ, et al. Real-time PCR analysis of the intestinal microbiotas in peritoneal dialysis patients. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2012;78(4):1107–1112.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang S, Lv D, Jiang S, et al. Quantitative reduction in short-chain fatty acids, especially butyrate, contributes to the progression of chronic kidney disease. Clin Sci. 2019;133(17):1857–1870.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiang S, Xie S, Lv D, et al. A reduction in the butyrate producing species Roseburia spp. and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii is associated with chronic kidney disease progression. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek. 2016;109(10):1389–1396.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barros AF, Borges NA, Ferreira DC, et al. Is there interaction between gut microbial profile and cardiovascular risk in chronic kidney disease patients? Future Microbiol. 2015;10(4):517–526.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chung S, Barnes JL, Astroth KS. Gastrointestinal microbiota in patients with chronic kidney disease: a systematic review. Adv Nutr. 2019;10(5):888–901.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simoes-Silva L, Araujo R, Pestana M, et al. The microbiome in chronic kidney disease patients undergoing hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. Pharmacol Res. 2018;130:143–151.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shah NB, Allegretti AS, Nigwekar SU, et al. Blood microbiome profile in CKD: a pilot study. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2019;14(5):692–701.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guan WJ, Yuan JJ, Li HM, et al. Proteobacteria community compositions correlate with bronchiectasis severity. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2018;22(9):1095–1105.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mirpuri J, Raetz M, Sturge CR, et al. Proteobacteria-specific IgA regulates maturation of the intestinal microbiota. Gut Microbes. 2014;5(1):28–39.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amitay EL, Werner S, Vital M, et al. Fusobacterium and colorectal cancer: causal factor or passenger? Results from a large colorectal cancer screening study. Carcinogenesis. 2017;38(8):781–788.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen Z, Xie Y, Zhou F, et al. Featured gut microbiomes associated with the progression of chronic hepatitis B disease. Front Microbiol. 2020;11:383.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mazidi M, Shekoohi N, Covic A, et al. Adverse impact of Desulfovibrio spp. and beneficial role of Anaerostipes spp. on renal function: insights from a Mendelian Randomization Analysis. Nutrients. 2020;12(8):2216.
   Google Scholar
• Parks T, Barrett L, Jones N. Invasive streptococcal disease: a review for clinicians. Br Med Bull. 2015;115(1):77–89.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khalid MA-O, Andreoli S. Extrarenal manifestations of the hemolytic uremic syndrome associated with Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC HUS). Pediatr Nephrol. 2019;34(12):2495–2507.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Magruder M, Sholi AA-O, Gong C, et al. Gut uropathogen abundance is a risk factor for development of bacteriuria and urinary tract infection. Nat Commun. 2019;10(1):5521.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Felizardo RJF, de Almeida DC, Pereira RL, et al. Gut microbial metabolite butyrate protects against proteinuric kidney disease through epigenetic- and GPR109a-mediated mechanisms. FASEB J. 2019;33(11):11894–11908.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iwashita Y, Ohya M, Yashiro M, et al. Dietary changes involving Bifidobacterium longum and other nutrients delays chronic kidney disease progression. Am J Nephrol. 2018;47(5):325–332.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Borges NA, Carmo FL, Stockler-Pinto MB, et al. Probiotic supplementation in chronic kidney disease: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. J Ren Nutr. 2018;28(1):28–36.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu Z, Li J, Liu H, et al. The intestinal microbiota associated with cardiac valve calcification differs from that of coronary artery disease. Atherosclerosis. 2019;284:121–128.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hayashi T, Yamashita T, Watanabe H, et al. Gut microbiome and plasma microbiome-related metabolites in patients with decompensated and compensated heart failure. Circ J. 2018;83(1):182–192.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li T, Gua C, Wu B, et al. Increased circulating trimethylamine N-oxide contributes to endothelial dysfunction in a rat model of chronic kidney disease. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2018;495(2):2071–2077.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schiattarella GG, Sannino A, Toscano E, et al. Gut microbe-generated metabolite trimethylamine-N-oxide as cardiovascular risk biomarker: a systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis. Eur Heart J. 2017;38(39):2948–2956.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ge X, Zheng L, Zhuang R, et al. The gut microbial metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide and hypertension risk: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. Adv Nutr. 2019;11(1):66–76.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhuang R, Ge X, Han L, et al. Gut microbe-generated metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide and the risk of diabetes: a systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis. Obes Rev. 2019;20(6):883–894.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gupta N, Buffa JA, Roberts AB, et al. Targeted inhibition of gut microbial trimethylamine N-oxide production reduces renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis and functional impairment in a murine model of chronic kidney disease. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2020;40(5):1239–1255.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu IW, Hsu KH, Lee CC, et al. p-Cresyl sulphate and indoxyl sulphate predict progression of chronic kidney disease. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2011;26(3):938–947.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Di Iorio BR, Rocchetti MT. Nutritional therapy modulates intestinal microbiota and reduces serum levels of total and free indoxyl sulfate and P-cresyl sulfate in chronic kidney disease (Medika Study). J Clin Med. 2019;8(9):1424.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barrows IR, Ramezani A, Raj DS. Gut feeling in AKI: the long arm of short-chain fatty acids. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2015;26(8):1755–1757.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andrade-Oliveira V, Amano MT, Correa-Costa M, et al. Gut bacteria products prevent AKI induced by ischemia-reperfusion. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2015;26(8):1877–1888.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang W, Guo HL, Deng X, et al. Short-chain fatty acids inhibit oxidative stress and inflammation in mesangial cells induced by high glucose and lipopolysaccharide. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes. 2017;125(2):98–105.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pluznick JL. Gut microbiota in renal physiology: focus on short-chain fatty acids and their receptors. Kidney Int. 2016;90(6):1191–1198.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ficek J, Wyskida K, Ficek R, et al. Relationship between plasma levels of Zonulin, bacterial lipopolysaccharides, d-lactate and markers of inflammation in haemodialysis patients. Int Urol Nephrol. 2017;49(4):717–725.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crespo-Salgado J, Vehaskari VM, Stewart T, et al. Intestinal microbiota in pediatric patients with end stage renal disease: a Midwest Pediatric Nephrology Consortium study. Microbiome. 2016;4(1):50.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Fasano A. Intestinal permeability and its regulation by Zonulin: diagnostic and therapeutic implications. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2012;10(10):1096–1100.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trachtman H, Gipson DS, Lemley KV, et al. Plasma Zonulin levels in childhood nephrotic syndrome. Front Pediatr. 2019;7:197.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lukaszyk E, Lukaszyk M, Koc-Zorawska E, et al. Zonulin, inflammation and iron status in patients with early stages of chronic kidney disease. Int Urol Nephrol. 2018;50(1):121–125.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar