Correlates of experiencing and witnessing non-fatal opioid overdoses among individuals accessing harm reduction services in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

References

• Hedegaard H, Minino AM, Warner M. Drug overdose deaths in the United States, 1999–2017. NCHS Data Brief 2018;329:1–8.
   Google Scholar
• Jones CM, Einstein EB, Compton WM. Changes in synthetic opioid involvement in drug overdose deaths in the United States, 2010–2016. JAMA. 2018;319(17):1819–1821.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rudd RA, Seth P, David F, Scholl L. Increases in drug and Opioid-Involved overdose Deaths - United States, 2010–2015. MMWR Morbid Mortal W. 2016;65(5051):1445–1452.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seth P, Scholl L, Rudd RA, Bacon S. Overdose Deaths Involving Opioids, Cocaine, and Psychostimulants - United States, 2015–2016. MMWR Morbid Mortal W. 2018;67(12):349–358.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Giglio RE, Li G, DiMaggio CJ. Effectiveness of bystander naloxone administration and overdose education programs: a meta-analysis. Inj Epidemiol. 2015;2(1):015–0041.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lagu T, Anderson BJ, Stein M. Overdoses among friends: drug users are willing to administer naloxone to others. J Subst Abuse Treat. 2006;30(2):129–133.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lankenau SE, Wagner KD, Silva K. Injection drug users trained by overdose prevention programs: responses to witnessed overdoses. J Commun Health. 2013;38(1):133–141.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Strang J, Manning V, Mayet S, et al. Overdose training and take-home naloxone for opiate users: prospective cohort study of impact on knowledge and attitudes and subsequent management of overdoses. Addiction. 2008;103(10):1648–1657.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Green TC, Heimer R, Grau LE. Distinguishing signs of opioid overdose and indication for naloxone: an evaluation of six overdose training and naloxone distribution programs in the United States. Addiction. 2008;103(6):979–989.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bird SM, McAuley A, Perry S, Hunter C. Effectiveness of Scotland's National Naloxone Programme for reducing opioid-related deaths: a before (2006–10) versus after (2011–13) comparison. Addiction. 2016;111(5):883–891.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walley AY, Xuan Z, Hackman HH, et al. Opioid overdose rates and implementation of overdose education and nasal naloxone distribution in Massachusetts: interrupted time series analysis. BMJ 2013;346(Jan30 5):f174.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Enteen L, Bauer J, McLean R, et al. Overdose prevention and naloxone prescription for opioid users in San Francisco. J Urban Health. 2010;87(6):931–941.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bennett AS, Bell A, Tomedi L, Hulsey EG, Kral AH. Characteristics of an overdose prevention, response, and naloxone distribution program in Pittsburgh and Allegheny County, Pennsylvania. J Urban Health. 2011;88(6):1020–1030.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jones JD, Roux P, Stancliff S, Matthews W, Comer SD. Brief overdose education can significantly increase accurate recognition of opioid overdose among heroin users. Int J Drug Policy. 2014;25(1):166–170.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mattson CL, O’Donnell J, Kariisa M, Seth P, Scholl L, Gladden RM. Opportunities to prevent overdose deaths involving prescription and illicit opioids, 11 states, July 2016-June 2017. MMWR Morbid Mortal W. 2018;67(34):945–951.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Drug Enforcement Agency. 2018 National Drug Threat Assessment. 2018; Available at: https://www.dea.gov/sites/default/files/2018-11/DIR-032-18%202018%20NDTA%20final%20low%20resolution.pdf. Accessed May 3, 2019.
   Google Scholar
• Drug Enforcement Agency. The Opioid Threat in Pennsylvania. 2018;Available at: https://www.dea.gov/sites/default/files/2018-10/PA%20Opioid%20Report%20Final%20FINAL.pdf. Accessed April 11, 2019.
   Google Scholar
• Wheeler E, Davidson PJ, Jones TS, Irwin KS. Community-based opioid overdose prevention programs providing Naloxone — United States, 2010. MMWR Morbid Mortal W. 2012;61(6):101–105.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zucker H, Annucci AJ, Stancliff S, Catania H. Overdose prevention for prisoners in New York: a novel program and collaboration. Harm Reduct J. 2015;12(1):015–0084.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Harris RE, Richardson J, Frasso R, Anderson ED. Experiences with skin and soft tissue infections among people who inject drugs in Philadelphia: A qualitative study. Drug Alcohol Depen. 2018;187:8–12.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ti L, Wood E, Shannon K, Feng C, Kerr T. Police confrontations among street-involved youth in a Canadian setting. Int J Drug Policy. 2013;24(1):46–51.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pade P, Fehling P, Collins S, Martin L. Opioid overdose prevention in a residential care setting: Naloxone education and distribution. Subst Abus. 2017;38(1):113–117.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chang G, Davids M, Kershaw A. Overdose education and naloxone distribution for veterans with opioid use disorder: Results from a pilot initiative. J Addict Dis. 2017;36(4):217–221.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Samuels E. Emergency department naloxone distribution: a Rhode Island department of health, recovery community, and emergency department partnership to reduce opioid overdose deaths. R I Med J. 2013;97(10):38–39.
   Google Scholar
• Dwyer K, Walley A, Langlois B, et al. Opioid education and nasal naloxone rescue kits in the emergency department. Westjem. 2015;16(3):381–384.
   Google Scholar
• Samuels EA, Baird J, Yang ES, Mello M. Adoption and utilization of an emergency department naloxone distribution and peer recovery coach consultation program. Acad Emerg Med. 2018;3(10):13545.
   Google Scholar
• Spencer MR, Warner M, Bastian BA, Trinidad JP, Hedegaard H. Drug overdose deaths involving fentanyl, 2011–2016. Natl Vital Stat Rep. 2019;68(3):1–19.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar