References
- Cranston K. Notes from the field: HIV diagnoses among persons who inject drugs — Northeastern Massachusetts. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2019;68:2015–2018. Available at: https://www-cdc-gov.ezproxy.bu.edu/mmwr/volumes/68/wr/mm6810a6.htm. Accessed June 6 2019.
- Evans ME. Notes from the field: HIV infection investigation in a rural area — West Virginia, 2017. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2018;67:257–258. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/67/wr/mm6708a6.htm. Accessed August 5, 2019.
- Peters PJ, Pontones P, Hoover KW, et al. HIV infection linked to injection use of oxymorphone in Indiana, 2014–2015. N Engl J Med. 2016;375(3):229–239.
- Golden MR, Lechtenberg R, Glick SN, et al. Outbreak of human immunodeficiency virus infection among heterosexual persons who are living homeless and inject drugs – Seattle, Washington, 2018. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2019;68(15):344–349.
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. HIV Surveillance Report. Vol. 29. 2017. http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/library/reports/hiv-surveillance.html. Published November 2018. Accessed October 3, 2019.
- Burnett JC. HIV infection and HIV-associated behaviors among persons who inject drugs — 20 cities, United States, 2015. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2018;67:23–28. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/67/wr/mm6701a5.htm. Accessed July 31, 2019.
- Spiller MW, Broz D, Wejnert C, Nerlander L, Paz-Bailey G. HIV infection and HIV-associated behaviors among persons who inject drugs — 20 cities, United States, 2012. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2015;64(10):270–275.
- Hess KL, Hu X, Lansky A, Mermin J, Hall HI. Lifetime risk of a diagnosis of HIV infection in the United States. Ann Epidemiol. 2017;27(4):238–243.
- Choopanya K, Martin M, Suntharasamai P, et al. Antiretroviral prophylaxis for HIV infection in injecting drug users in Bangkok, Thailand (the Bangkok Tenofovir Study): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial. Lancet. 2013;381(9883):2083–2090.
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Preexposure prophylaxis for the prevention of HIV infection in the United States – 2017 update: a clinical practice guideline. 2018. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/pdf/risk/prep/cdc-hiv-prep-guidelines-2017.pdf. Accessed August 5, 2019.
- Bazzi AR, Biancarelli DL, Childs E, et al. Limited knowledge and mixed interest in pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV prevention among people who inject drugs. AIDS Patient Care STDs. 2018;32(12):529–537.
- Edelman EJ, Moore BA, Calabrese SK, et al. Primary care physicians’ willingness to prescribe HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis for people who inject drugs. AIDS Behav. 2017;21(4):1025–1033.
- Branson BM, Stekler JD. Detection of acute HIV infection: we can’t close the window. J Infect Dis. 2012;205(4):521–524.
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Updated guidelines for antiretroviral postexposure prophylaxis after sexual, injection drug use, or other nonoccupational exposure to HIV—United States, 2016. Ann Emerg Med. 2016;68:335–338.