Publication Cover
Historical Biology
An International Journal of Paleobiology
Volume 27, 2015 - Issue 1
531
Views
24
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Identification and comparison of modern and fossil crocodilian eggs and eggshell structures

, &
Pages 115-133 | Received 17 Sep 2013, Accepted 27 Nov 2013, Published online: 26 Feb 2014

REFERENCES

  • AntunesMT, TaquetP, RibeiroV. 1998. Upper Jurassic dinosaur and crocodile eggs from Paimogo nesting site. Mem Acad Ciên Lisb. 37:83–99.
  • AraújoR, CastanhinhaR, MartinsRMS, MateusO, HendrickxC, BeckmannF, SchellN, AlvesLC. 2013. Filling the gaps of dinosaur eggshell phylogeny: Late Jurassic Theropod clutch with embryos from Portugal. Sci Rep. (NPG). 3:1924.
  • BentonMJ. 2005. Vertebrate palaeontology. 3rd ed. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing, 455 p.
  • BlythE. 1846. Notices and descriptions of various new or little known species of birds. J Asiatic Soc Bengal. 15:1–54.
  • BrayES. 1999. Eggs and eggshell from the Upper Cretaceous North Horn Formation, central Utah. Vertebr Paleontol Utah. 361–375.
  • BrusatteSL, BentonMJ, LloydGT, RutaM, WangSC. 2011. Macroevolutionary patterns in the evolutionary radiation of archosaurs (Tetrapoda: Diapsida). Earth Environ Sci Trans R Soc Edinburgh. 101(3):367–382.
  • BryanTA. 2005. Morphological and constituent analyses of American Alligator (Alligator mississippiensis) eggshells from contaminated and reference lakes [dissertation]. Gainesville, FL: University of Florida.
  • BuscalioniAD, FregenalMA, BravoA, Poyato-ArizaFJ, SanchízB, BáezAM, Cambra MooO, MartínClosas C, EvansSE, Marugán LobónJ. 2008. The vertebrate assemblage of Buenache de la Sierra (Upper Barremian of Serrania de Cuenca, Spain) with insights into its taphonomy and palaeoecology. Cretaceous Res. 29(4):687–710.
  • ButlerAL. 1905. The eggs and embryos of Schlegel's Gavial (Tomistoma schlegelii, S. Muller). J Fed Malay States Mus. 1:1–2.
  • CanudoJI, AurellM, GascaJM, BadiolaA, BlainHA, Cruzado-CaballeroP, Gómez-FernándezD, Moreno-AzanzaM, ParrillaJ, Rabal-GarcésR, et al.2010. La Cantalera: an exceptional window onto the vertebrate biodiversity of the Hauterivian-Barremian transition in the Iberian Peninsula. J Iberian Geol. 36(2):205–224.
  • CarpenterK. 1999. Eggs, nests, and baby dinosaurs: a look at dinosaur reproduction. Bloomington and Indianapolis: Indiana University Press. 336 p.
  • CarrollRL. 1988. Vertebrate paleontology and evolution. New York: W. H. Freeman and Co.
  • CastanhinhaR, AraújoR, MateusO. 2009. Dinosaur eggshell and embryo localities in Lourinhã Formation, Late Jurassic, Portugal. J Vertebr Paleontol. 29(suppl. 3)::76A.
  • CopeED. 1861. Recent species of Emydosaurian reptiles represented in the Museum of the Academy. Proc Acad Nat Sci Phila. 1860:549–551.
  • CuvierG. 1807. Sur les différentes especes de crocodiles vivans et sur leurs caracteres distinctifs. Ann Natl Mus Hist Nat Paris. 10:8–86.
  • DaudinFM. 1802. Histoire Naturelle, Générale et Particulière des Reptiles; ouvrage faisant suit à l'Histoire naturell générale et particulière, composée par Leclerc de Buffon; et rédigee par C.S. Sonnini, membre de plusieurs sociétés savantes. Vol. 2. Paris: F. Dufart, 432 p.
  • DeemingDC. 2006. Ultrastructural and functional morphology of eggshells supports the idea that dinosaur eggs were incubated buried in a substrate. Palaeontology. 49(1):171–185.
  • DeemingDC, FergusonMWJ. 1989. Effects of incubation temperature on growth and development of embryos of Alligator mississippiensis. J Comp Physiol B. 159(2):183–193.
  • DeemingDC, FergusonMWJ. 1990. Methods for the determination of the physical characteristics of eggs of Alligator mississippiensis: a comparison with other crocodilian and avian eggs. Herpetol J. 1:458–462.
  • ElseyRM, WoodwardAR. 2010. American Alligator Alligator mississippiensis. In: ManolisSC, StevensonC, editors. Crocodiles. Status survey and conservation action plan. 3rd ed. Darwin, Australia: Crocodile Specialist Group. p. 1–4.
  • FauvelAA. 1879. Alligators in China: their history, description and identification. J North China Branch R Asiatic Soc (Shanghai) NS. 13:1–36.
  • FergusonMWJ. 1981a. Extrinsic microbial degradation of the Alligator eggshell. Science. 214:1135–1137.
  • FergusonMWJ. 1981b. Increasing porosity of the incubating alligator eggshell caused by extrinsic microbial degradation. Experientia. 37(3):252–255.
  • FergusonMWJ. 1982. The structure and composition of the eggshell and embryonic membranes of Alligator mississippiensis. Trans Zool Soc Lond. 36:99–152.
  • FergusonMWJ. 1985. The reproductive biology and embryology of crocodylians. In: GansC, BilletF, MadersonPFA, editors. Biology of the Reptilia. New York, NY: Wiley. p. 329–491.
  • FernándezMS, SimonciniMS, DykeG. 2013. Irregularly calcified eggs and eggshells of Caiman latirostris (Alligatoridae: Crocodylia). Naturwissenschaften. 100:451–457.
  • GarciaG. 2000. Diversite des coquilles ‘Minces’ d'oeufs fossiles du Cretace superieur du Sud de la France. Geobios. 33:114–126.
  • GarciaG, KhoslaA, JafarSA, SahniA, Vianey-LiaudM. 2008. Eggshell microstructure and porosity of the Nicobar Scrubfowl (Megapodius nicobariensis, great Nicobar Island, India). Palaeovertebrata. 36(1–4):75–88.
  • GmelinJF. 1789. Caroli a Linné Systema naturae. 13 ed. Tom 1 Pars 3Lipsiae: G.E. Beer. p. 1033–1516.
  • GrineFE, KitchingJW. 1987. Scanning electron microscopy of early dinosaur eggshell structure: a comparison with other rigid sauropsid eggs. Scan Electron Microsc. 1:615–630.
  • HallPM. 1989. Variation in geographic isolates of the New-Guinea Crocodile (Crocodylus novaeguineae Schmidt) compared with the similar, allopatric, Philippine Crocodile (Crocodylus mindorensis Schmidt). Copeia. 1989(1):71–80.
  • HerronJC, EmmonsLH, CadleJE. 1990. Observations on reproduction in the Black Caiman, Melanosuchusniger. J Herpetol. 24(3):314–316.
  • HirschKF. 1983. Contemporary and fossil Chelonian eggshells. Copeia. 2:382–395.
  • HirschKF. 1985. Fossil crocodilian eggs from the Eocene of Colorado. J Paleontol. 59:531–542.
  • HirschKF. 1994. Upper Jurassic eggshells from Western Interior of North America. Dinosaur eggs and babies. Cambridge, NY: Cambridge University Press. p. 89–97.
  • HirschKF. 1996. Parataxonomic classification of fossil chelonian and gecko eggs. J Vertebr Paleontol. 16(4):752–762.
  • HirschKF, KohringR. 1992. Crocodilian eggs from the middle Eocene Bridger Formation. Wyorning. J Vertebr Paleontol. 12:59–65.
  • JacksonFD, VarricchioDJ. 2010. Fossil eggs and eggshell from the Lowermost Two Medicine formation of western Montana, Sevenmile Hill locality. J Vertebr Paleontol. 30:1142–1156.
  • JensenJA. 1970. Fossil eggs in the Lower Cretaceous of Utah. Brigham Young Univ Geol Studies. 17:51–65.
  • JinX, JacksonFD, VarricchioDJ, AzumaY, HeT. 2010. The first Dictyoolithus egg clutches from the Lishui Basin, Zhejiang Province. China. J Vertebr Paleontol. 30:188–195.
  • KohringR. 1990. Fossil reptile eggshells (Cheloni, Crocodilia, Dinosauria) from Lower Barremian of Galve (Province of Teruel SE of Spain). Palaontologische Zeitschrift. 64:392–324.
  • KohringR. 1995. Reflections on the origin of the amniote egg in the light of reproductive strategies and shell structure. Hist Biol. 10(3):259–275.
  • KohringR. 2000. Eggshells from the Guimarota mine. In: MartinT, KrebsB, editors. Guimarota: a Jurassic ecosystem. München: Pfeil. p. 87–90.
  • KohringR, HirschKF. 1996. Crocodylian and avian eggshells from the Middle Eocene of the Geiseltal, Eastern Germany. J Vertebr Paleontol.16:67–80.
  • KratochvílL, FryntaD. 2006. Egg shape and size allometry in geckos (Squamata: Gekkota), lizards with contrasting eggshell structure: why lay spherical eggs?J Zool Syst Evol Res. 44(3):217–222.
  • KrefftG. 1873. Remarks on Australian crocodiles, and description of a new species. Proc Zool Soc Lond. 1873:334–335.
  • LangJW, AndrewsHV. 1994. Temperature-dependent sex determination in crocodilians. J Exp Zool. 270:28–44.
  • LaurentiJN. 1768. Specimen medicum, exhibens synopsin reptilium emendatam cum experimentis circa venena et antidota reptilium austracorum, quod authoritate et consensu. Vienna, Joan: Thomae, 217 p.
  • LiY, YinZ, LiuY. 1995. The discovery of a new genus of dinosaur egg from Xixia, Henan. China. J Wuhan Inst Chem Technol. 17:38–41.
  • MagnussonWE. 1992. Paleosuchus palpebrosus. Catalogue Am Amphibians Reptiles. 554:1–2.
  • MagnussonWE, CamposZ. 2010. Cuvier's Smooth-fronted Caiman Paleosuchus palpebrosus. In: ManolisSC, StevensonC, editors. Crocodiles. Status survey and conservation action plan. 3rd ed.Darwin, Australia: Crocodile Specialist Group. p. 40–42.
  • MateusI, MateusH, AntunesMT, MateusO, TaquetP, RibeiroV, ManuppellaG. 1998. Upper Jurassic Theropod dinosaur embryos from Lourinhã (Portugal). Mem Acad Ciênc Lisboa. 37:101–109.
  • MathewA, GanesanM, MajidRA, BeastallC. 2011. Breeding of False Gharial (Tomistoma schlegelii) at Zoo Negara, Malaysia. [cited 2012 Sep 25]. Available from: http://zoonegaramalaysia.my/RPFalseGharial.pdf.
  • MedemF. 1971. The reproduction of the dwarf caiman Paleosuchus palpebrosus. International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources ( =  IUCN), Publ., New Ser. 32(Suppl.):159–165.
  • MikhailovKE. 1991. Classification of fossil eggshells of Amniotic vertebrates. Acta Palaeontol Pol. 36:193–238.
  • MikhailovKE. 1997. Fossil and recent eggshell in amniotic vertebrates; fine structure, comparative morphology and classification. Spec Pap Palaeontol. 56:80.
  • Moreno-AzanzaM, BauluzB, CanudoJI, Puértolas-PascualE, SellésAG. 2013. A re-evaluation of aff. Megaloolithidae eggshell fragments from the uppermost Cretaceous of the Pyrenees and implications for crocodylomorph eggshell structure. Hist Biol. 10.1080/08912963.2013.786067.
  • MüllerS. 1838. Waarnemingen over de Indische Krokodillen en Beschrijving Van Enne Nieuwe Soort. Tijdschrift voor Natuurlijke Geschiedenis en Physiologie, Amsterdam and Leyden. 5:61–87.
  • NesbittSJ. 2011. The early evolution of archosaurs: relationships and the origin of major clades. Bull Am Mus Nat Hist. 352:1–292. 10.1206/352.1.
  • NovasFE, PaisDF, PolD, CarvalhoIDS, ScanferlaA, MonesA, RiglosMS. 2009. Bizarre notosuchian crocodyliform with associated eggs from the Upper Cretaceous of Bolivia. J Vertebr Paleontol. 29(4):1316–1320.
  • OftedalOT. 2002. The origin of lactation as a water source for parchment-shelled eggs. J Mam Gland Biol Neoplasia. 7(3):253–266.
  • OliveiraCE, SantucciRM, AndradeMB, FulfaroVJ, BasilioJA, BentonMJ. 2011. Crocodylomorph eggs and eggshells from the Adamantina Formation (Bauru Group), Upper Cretaceous of Brazil. Palaeontology. 54(2):309–321.
  • PackardMJ. 1994. Patterns of mobilization and deposition of calcium in embryos of oviparous, amniotic vertebrates. Israel J Zool. 40(3–4):481–492.
  • PackardGC, PackardMJ. 1980. Evolution of the cleidoic egg among reptilian antecedents of birds. Am Zool. 20(2):351–362.
  • PackardGC, TracyCR, RothJJ. 1977. The physiological ecology of reptilian eggs and embryos, and the evolution of viviparity within the class Reptilia. Biol Rev. 52(1):71–105.
  • PackardMJ, PackardGC, BoardmanTJ. 1982. Structure of eggshells and water relations of reptilian eggs. Herpetologica. 136–155.
  • PackardMJ, SeymourRS. 1997. Evolution of the amniote egg. In: SumidaSS, MartinKLM, editors. Amniote origins. San Diego, CA: Academic Press. p. 265–290.
  • Panadès I BlasX, PatnaikR. 2009. A complete crocodylian egg from the Upper Miocene (Chinji Beds) of Pakistan and its palaeobiographical implications. PalArch's J Vertebr Paleontol. 6(1):1–8.
  • PatnaikR, SchleichHH. 1993. Fossil crocodile from the Upper Siwaliks of India. Mitteilungen der Bayerischen Staatssammlung fur Palaeontology und Historische Geologie.33:91–117.
  • PazDA, YanoskyAA, MercolliC, PisanóA. 1995. Structure of eggshells from two sympatric series of caimans (Caiman latirostris and Caiman yacare) (Crocodylia: Alligatorinae). Anim Behav. 4:71–77.
  • RibeiroCMM, CarvalhoIDS, NavaWR, GalloV, BritoPM, SilvaHM, FigueiredoFJ. 2006. Ovos de crocodilomorfos da Formação Araçatuba (Bacia Bauru, Cretáceo Superior), Brasil. In: GalloV, BritoPM, SilvaHMA, FigueiredoFJ, editors. Paleontologia de vertebrados grandes temas e contribuiçoes cientìficas. Rio de Janeiro: Editora Interciência. p. 285–292.
  • RibeiroV, MateusO, HolwerdaF, AraújoR, CastanhinhaR. 2013. Two new theropod egg sites from the Late Jurassic Lourinhã Formation, Portugal. Hist Biol. (ahead-of-print) :1–12.
  • RogersJV. 2001. A complete crocodiloid egg from the Lower Cretaceous (Albian) Glen Rose Formation, central Texas. J Vertebr Paleontol. 20(4):780–783.
  • RossCA, ErnstCH. 1994. Alligator mississippiensis. Catal Am Amphibians Reptiles. 600:1–14.
  • SchlëichHH, KästleW. 1988. Reptile egg-shells: SEM atlas. Stuttgart: Gustav Fisher Verlag.
  • SchmidtKP. 1935. A new crocodile from the Philippine Islands. Field Mus Nat Hist Zool Series Chicago. 20(8):67–70.
  • SchmidtWJ, SchönwetterM. 1943. Beiträge zur kenntnis der krokodileier, insbesondere ihrer kalkschale. Zeitschrift für Morphologie und Ökologie der Tiere. 40(1–3):17–36.
  • SchneiderJG. 1801. Historiae Amphibiorum naturalis et literariae. Fasciculus secundus continens Crocodilos, Scincos, Chamaesauras, Boas. Pseudoboas, Elapes, Angues. Amphisbaenas et Caecilias. Jena: Frommani. 374 p.
  • StewartJR. 1997. Morphology and evolution of the egg of oviparous amniotes. Amniote Origins. 291–326.
  • ThorbjarnarsonJB. 1996. Reproductive characteristics of the order Crocodylia. Herpetologica. 8–24.
  • UnwinD, DeemingC. 2008. Pterosaur eggshell structure and its implications for pterosaur reproductive biology. Zitteliana Int J Palaeontol Geobiol. 28:199–207.
  • van WeerdM. 2010. Philippine Crocodile Crocodylus mindorensis. In: ManolisSC, StevensonC, editors. Crocodiles. Status survey and conservation action plan. 3rd ed. Darwin, Australia: Crocodile Specialist Group. p. 71–78.
  • Vianey-LiaudM, Lopez-MartinezN. 1997. Late Cretaceous dinosaur eggshells from the Tremp basin (Southern Pyrenees, Lleida, Spain). J Paleontol. 71:1157–1171.
  • WinkCS, ElseyRM. 1994. Morphology of shells from viable and nonviable eggs of the Chinese alligator (Alligator sinensis). J Morphol. 222(1):103–110.
  • WinkCS, ElseyRM, BouvierM. 1990a. Porosity of eggshells from wild and captive, pen-reared alligators (Alligator mississippiensis). J Morphol. 203(1):35–39.
  • WinkCS, ElseyRM, BouvierM. 1990b. The relationship of pores and mammillae on the inner surface of the eggshell of the alligator (Alligator mississippiensis). J Morphol. 204(2):227–233.
  • YoungCC. 1965. Fossil eggs from Nanhsiung, Kwangtung and Kanchou, Kiangsi. Vertebr PalAsiatica. 9(2):141–170.
  • ZelenitskyDK, HillsLV. 1996. An egg clutch of Prismatooiitlbus lewis oosp. nov. from the Oldman Formation (Upper Cretaceous) Devil's Coulee, southern Alberta. Can J Earth Sci. 33:1127–1131.
  • ZelenitskyDK, HirschKF. 1997. Fossil eggs identification and classification. In: WolbergDL, StumpE, RosenbergG, editors. Dinofest international: A symposium held at Arizona state university. Philadelphia: Academy of Natural Sciences. p. 279–286.
  • ZelenitskyDK, CarpenterK, CurriePJ. 2000. First record of elongatoolithid theropod eggshell from North America: the Asian oogenus Macroelongatoolithus from the Lower Cretaceous of Utah. J Vertebr Paleontol. 20(1):130–138.
  • ZhaoZK. 1975. The microstructure of the dinosaurian eggshells of Nanxiong Basin, Guangdong Province. 1. On the classification of dinosaur eggs. Vertebr PalAsiatica. 13(2):105–117.
  • ZhaoZ, HuangZ. 1986. The ultrastructure of the eggshell of the Chinese alligator. Acta Herp Sinica. 5(2):129–133.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.