New species of Primozygodactylus from Messel and the ecomorphology and evolutionary significance of early Eocene zygodactylid birds (Aves, Zygodactylidae)

References

• Ballmann P. 1969a. Die Vögel aus der altburdigalen Spaltenfüllung von Wintershof (West) bei Eichstätt in Bayern [The birds of the early Burdigalian fissure fill of Wintershof (West) near Eichstätt in Bavaria]. Zitteliana. 1:5–60.
   Google Scholar
• Ballmann P. 1969b. Les oiseaux miocènes de la Grive-Saint-Alban (Isère) [The Miocene birds from La Grive-Saint-Alban (Isère)]. Geobios. 2:157–204.10.1016/S0016-6995(69)80005-7
   Google Scholar
• Botelho JF, Smith-Paredes D, Nuñez-Leon D, Soto-Acuña S, Vargas AO. 2014. The developmental origin of zygodactyl feet and its possible loss in the evolution of Passeriformes. Proc Roy Soc B Biol Sci. 281:20140765.10.1098/rspb.2014.0765
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheneval J. 2000. L’avifaune de Sansan [The avifauna of Sansan]. In: Ginsburg L, editor. La faune miocène de Sansan et son environnement. Mém Mus nat Hist nat. Paris: Muséum national d’histoire naturelle. Vol. 183; p. 321–388.
   Google Scholar
• Ericson PGP, Anderson CL, Britton T, Elzanowski A, Johansson US, Källersjö M, Ohlson JI, Parsons TJ, Zuccon D, Mayr G. 2006. Diversification of neoaves: integration of molecular sequence data and fossils. Biol Lett. 2:543–547.10.1098/rsbl.2006.0523
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eriksson O. 2016. Evolution of angiosperm seed disperser mutualisms: the timing of origins and their consequences for coevolutionary interactions between angiosperms and frugivores. Biol Rev. 91:168–186.10.1111/brv.2016.91.issue-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feduccia A. 1973. Evolutionary trends in the Neotropical ovenbirds and woodhewers. Ornithol Monogr. 13:1–69.
   Google Scholar
• Grande L. 2013. The lost world of fossil lake: snapshots from deep time. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.10.7208/chicago/9780226922980.001.0001
   Google Scholar
• Hackett SJ, Kimball RT, Reddy S, Bowie RCK, Braun EL, Braun MJ, Chojnowski JL, Cox WA, Han K-L, Harshman J, et al. 2008. A phylogenomic study of birds reveals their evolutionary history. Science. 320:1763–1768.10.1126/science.1157704
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harrison CJO, Walker CA. 1977. Birds of the British lower eocene. Tert Res Spec Pap. 3:1–52.
   Google Scholar
• Lauterbach KE. 1989. Das Pan-Monophylum: Ein Hilfsmittel für die Praxis der phylogenetischen Systematik [The pan-monophylum: a tool for the praxis of phylogenetical systematics]. Zool Anz. 223:139–156.
   Google Scholar
• Lenz OK, Wilde V, Mertz DF, Riegel W. 2015. New palynology-based astronomical and revised 40Ar/39Ar ages for the Eocene maar lake of Messel (Germany). Int J Earth Sci. 104:873–889.10.1007/s00531-014-1126-2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Linnaeus C. 1758. Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Editio decima [System of nature through the three kingdoms of nature, according to classes, orders, genera and species, with characters, differences, synonyms, places. 10th edition]. Holmiæ: Laurentii Salvii.
   Google Scholar
• Mayr G. 1998. “Coraciiforme” und “piciforme” Kleinvögel aus dem Mittel-Eozän der Grube Messel (Hessen, Deutschland) [Small “coraciiform” and “piciform” birds from the middle Eocene of the Messel pit (Hesse, Germany)]. Cour Forsch-Inst Senckenberg. 205:1–101.
   Google Scholar
• Mayr G. 2004. The phylogenetic relationships of the early Tertiary Primoscenidae and Sylphornithidae and the sister taxon of crown group piciform birds. J Ornithol. 145:188–198.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mayr G. 2008. Phylogenetic affinities of the enigmatic avian taxon zygodactylus based on new material from the early oligocene of France. J Syst Palaeontol. 6:333–344.10.1017/S1477201907002398
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mayr G. 2009. Paleogene fossil birds. Heidelberg: Springer.10.1007/978-3-540-89628-9
   Google Scholar
• Mayr G. 2015. A reassessment of Eocene parrotlike fossils indicates a previously undetected radiation of zygodactyl stem group representatives of passerines (Passeriformes). Zool Scr. 44:587–602.10.1111/zsc.2015.44.issue-6
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mayr G. 2016. Avian evolution: the fossil record of birds and its paleobiological significance. Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell.10.1002/9781119020677
   Google Scholar
• Mayr G. Forthcoming. The early Eocene birds of the Messel fossil site: a 48 million-year-old bird community adds a temporal perspective to the evolution of tropical avifaunas. Biol Rev. doi: 10.1111/brv.12274.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mayr G, Zelenkov N. 2009. New specimens of zygodactylid birds from the middle Eocene of Messel, with description of a new species of Primozygodactylus. Acta Palaeontol Pol. 54:15–20.10.4202/app.2009.B103
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mercer JM, Roth VL. 2003. The effects of Cenozoic global change on squirrel phylogeny. Science. 299:1568–1572.10.1126/science.1079705
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olson SL. 2001. Why so many kinds of passerine birds? BioScience. 51:268–269.10.1641/0006-3568(2001)051[0268:WSMKOP]2.0.CO;2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peters DS. 1988. Die Messel-Vögel – eine Landvogelfauna [The birds from messel – a terrestrial avifauna]. In: Schaal S, Ziegler W, editors. Messel – Ein Schaufenster in die Geschichte der Erde und des Lebens [Messel – a window into the history of the earth and of life]. Frankfurt: Kramer; p. 135–151.
   Google Scholar
• Prum RO, Berv JS, Dornburg A, Field DJ, Townsend JP, Lemmon EM, Lemmon AR. 2015. A comprehensive phylogeny of birds (Aves) using targeted next-generation DNA sequencing. Nature. 526:569–573.10.1038/nature15697
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weidig I. 2010. New birds from the Lower Eocene green river formation. North America Rec Austral Mus. 62:29–44.10.3853/j.0067-1975.62.2010.1544
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar