554
Views
15
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

New adapiform primate fossils from the late Eocene of Egypt

, , , , , & show all
Pages 204-226 | Received 30 Jan 2017, Accepted 10 Mar 2017, Published online: 10 Apr 2017

References

  • Beard KC, Marivaux L, Tun ST, Soe AN, Chaimanee Y, Htoon W, Marandat B, Aung HH, Jaeger J-J. 2007. New sivaladapid primates from the Eocene Pondaung Formation of Myanmar and the anthropoid status of Amphipithecidae. Bull Carnegie Mus Nat Hist. 39:67–76.10.2992/0145-9058(2007)39[67:NSPFTE]2.0.CO;2
  • Borths MR, Holroyd PA, Seiffert ER. 2016. Hyainailourine and teratodontine cranial material from the late Eocene of Egypt and the application of parsimony and Bayesian methods to the phylogeny and biogeography of Hyaenodonta (Placentalia, Mammalia). PeerJ. 4:e2639.10.7717/peerj.2639
  • Boyer DM. 2008. Relief index of second mandibular molars is a correlate of diet among prosimian primates and other euarchontan mammals. J Hum Evol. 55:1118–1137.10.1016/j.jhevol.2008.08.002
  • Boyer DM, Evans A, Jernvall J. 2010. Evidence of dietary differentiation among late Paleocene-early Eocene plesiadapids (Mammalia, Primates). Am J Phys Anthropol. 142:194–210.
  • Boyer DM, Kirk EC, Silcox MT, Gunnell GF, Gilbert CC, Yapuncich GS, Allen KL, Welch E, Bloch JI, Gonzales L, et al. 2016. Internal carotid arterial canal size and scaling in Euarchonta: re-assessing implications for arterial patency and phylogenetic relationships in early fossil primates. J Hum Evol. 97:123–144.10.1016/j.jhevol.2016.06.002
  • Boyer DM, Seiffert ER, Simons EL. 2010. Astragalar morphology of Afradapis, a large adapiform primate from the earliest late Eocene of Egypt. Am J Phys Anthropol. 143:383–402.10.1002/ajpa.21328
  • Boyer DM, Yapuncich GS, Butler JE, Dunn RH, Seiffert ER. 2015. Evolution of postural diversity in primates as reflected by the size and shape of the medial tibial facet of the talus. Am J Phys Anthropol. 157:134–177.10.1002/ajpa.v157.1
  • Boyer DM, Yapuncich GS, Chester SGB, Bloch JI, Godinot M. 2013. Hands of early primates. Am J Phys Anthropol. 152:33–78.10.1002/ajpa.v152.S57
  • Chester SGB, Bloch JI, Boyer DM, Clemens WA. 2015. Oldest known euarchontan tarsals and affinities of Paleocene Purgatorius to Primates. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 112:1487–1492.10.1073/pnas.1421707112
  • Conroy GC. 1987. Problems of body-weight estimation in fossil primates. Int J Primatol. 8:115–137.10.1007/BF02735160
  • Coster P, Ni X, Beard KC. 2012. The middle Eocene adapiform primates from the Shanghuang fissure fillings, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China. J. Vertebr. Paleontol. 32:81.
  • Court N. 1993. An enigmatic new mammal from the Eocene of North Africa. J. Vertebr. Paleontol. 13:267–269.10.1080/02724634.1993.10011506
  • Dembo M, Matzke NJ, Mooers AØ, Collard M. 2015. Bayesian analysis of a morphological supermatrix sheds light on controversial fossil hominin relationships. Proc R Soc B Biol Sci. 282:20150943.10.1098/rspb.2015.0943
  • Dunn RH, Rose KD, Rana RS, Kumar K, Sahni A, Smith T. 2016. New euprimate postcrania from the early Eocene of Gujarat, India, and the strepsirrhine-haplorhine divergence. J Hum Evol. 99:25–51.10.1016/j.jhevol.2016.06.006
  • Gheerbrant E, Thomas H, Roger J, Sen S, Al-Sulaimani Z. 1993. Deux nouveaux primates dans l’Oligocene inferieur de Taqah (Sultanat d’Oman): premiers adapiformes (?Anchomomyini) de la peninsule arabique? [Two new primates from the early Oligocene of Taqah (Sultanate of Oman): first adapiformes (?Anchomomyini) from the Arabian Peninsula?] Palaeovertebrata. 22:141–196.
  • Gilbert CC, Patel BA, Singh P, Campisano CJ, Fleagle JG, Rust KL, Patnaik R. 2017. New sivaladapid primate from Lower Siwalik deposits surrounding Ramnagar (Jammu and Kashmir State), India. J Hum Evol. 102:21–41.10.1016/j.jhevol.2016.10.001
  • Gingerich PD. 1981. Early Cenozoic Omomyidae and the evolutionary history of tarsiiform primates. J Hum Evol. 10:345–374.
  • Godinot M. 1998. A summary of adapiform systematics and phylogeny. Folia Primatol. 69(suppl. 1):218–249.10.1159/000052715
  • Godinot M. 2015. Fossil record of the primates from the Paleocene to the Oligocene. In: Henke W, Tattersall I, editors. Handbook of paleoanthropology. Berlin Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag; p. 1137–1259.
  • Gorscak E, O’Connor PM. 2016. Time-calibrated models support congruency between Cretaceous continental rifting and titanosaurian evolutionary history. Biol Lett. 12: 20151047.10.1098/rsbl.2015.1047
  • Gradstein F, Ogg J, Smith A. 2004. A geological time scale 2004. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.10.4095/215638
  • Gradstein FM, Ogg JG, Schmitz M, Ogg G. 2012. The geological time scale 2012. Amsterdam: Elsevier, p. 1176.
  • Greaves WS. 1982. A mechanical limitation on the position of the jaw muscles of mammals: the one-third rule. J Mammal. 63:261–266.10.2307/1380635
  • Greaves WS. 1988. The maximum average bite force for a given jaw length. J Zool. 214:295–306.10.1111/jzo.1988.214.issue-2
  • Gunnell GF. 2002. Notharctine primates (Adapiformes) from the early to middle Eocene (Wasatchian-Bridgerian) of Wyoming: transitional species and the origins of Notharctus and Smilodectes. J Hum Evol. 43:353–380.10.1006/jhev.2002.0582
  • Hartenberger J-L, Marandat B. 1992. A new genus and species of an early Eocene primate from North Africa. Hum Evol. 7:9–16.10.1007/BF02437474
  • Heesy CP, Ross CF. 2001. Evolution of activity patterns and chromatic vision in primates: morphometrics, genetics, and cladistics. J Hum Evol. 40:111–149.10.1006/jhev.2000.0447
  • Heesy CP, Ross CF. 2004. Mosaic evolution of activity pattern, diet, and color vision in haplorhine primates. In: Ross CF, Kay RF, editors. Anthropoid origins: new visions. New York (NY): Kluwer/Plenum; p. 665–698.
  • Herrera JP, Dávalos LM. 2016. Phylogeny and divergence times of lemurs inferred with recent and ancient fossils in the tree. Syst Biol. 65:772–791.10.1093/sysbio/syw035
  • Hylander WL. 1979. The functional significance of primate mandibular form. J Morphol. 160:223–240.
  • JMP® Pro, Version 1210. 1989–2007. Cary (NC): SAS Institute Inc.
  • Kay RF, Cartmill M. 1977. Cranial morphology and adaptations of Palaechthon nacimienti and other paromomyidae (Plesiadapoidea, ?Primates), with a description of a new genus and species. J Hum Evol. 6:19–53.10.1016/S0047-2484(77)80040-7
  • Kay RF, Kirk EC. 2000. Osteological evidence for the evolution of activity pattern and visual acuity in primates. Am J Phys Anthropol. 113:235–262.10.1002/(ISSN)1096-8644
  • Kirk EC, Simons EL. 2001. Diets of fossil primates from the Fayum Depression of Egypt: a quantitative analysis of molar shearing. J Hum Evol. 40:203–229.10.1006/jhev.2000.0450
  • Kirk EC, Williams BA. 2011. New adapiform primate of Old World affinities from the Devil’s Graveyard Formation of Texas. J Hum Evol. 61:156–168.10.1016/j.jhevol.2011.02.014
  • Lanèque L. 1992. Variation in the shape of the palate in Adapis (Eocene, Adapiformes) compared with living primates. Hum Evol. 7:1–16.
  • Li Q, Ni X. 2016. An early Oligocene fossil demonstrates treeshrews are slowly evolving “living fossils”. Sci Rep. 6: 18627.10.1038/srep18627
  • Marigó J, Minwer-Barakat R, Moyà-Solà S. 2011. New Anchomomys (Adapoidea, Primates) from the Robiacian (Middle Eocene) of northeastern Spain. Taxonomic and evolutionary implications. J Hum Evol. 60:665–672.10.1016/j.jhevol.2010.12.006
  • Marigó J, Minwer-Barakat R, Moyà-Solà S. 2013. Nievesia sossisensis, a new anchomomyin (Adapiformes, Primates) from the early Late Eocene of the southern Pyrenees (Catalonia, Spain). J Hum Evol. 64:473–485.10.1016/j.jhevol.2012.11.004
  • Marigó J, Roig I, Seiffert ER, Moyà-Solà S, Boyer DM. 2016. Astragalar and calcaneal morphology of the middle Eocene primate Anchomomys frontanyensis (Anchomomyini): Implications for early primate evolution. J Hum Evol. 91:122–143.10.1016/j.jhevol.2015.08.011
  • Marivaux L, Chaimanee Y, Tafforeau P, Jaeger J-J. 2006. New strepsirrhine primate from the late Eocene of Peninsular Thailand (Krabi Basin). Am J Phys Anthropol. 130:425–434.10.1002/(ISSN)1096-8644
  • Marivaux L, Ramdarshan A, Essid E, Marzougui W, Ammar HK, Lebrun R, Marandat B, Merzeraud G, Tabuce R, Vianey-Liaud M. 2013. Djebelemur, a tiny pre-tooth-combed primate from the Eocene of Tunisia: a glimpse into the origin of crown strepsirhines. PLoS ONE. 8:21.
  • Marivaux L, Welcomme J-L, Ducrocq S, Jaeger J-J. 2002. Oligocene sivaladapid primate from the Bugti Hills (Balochistan, Pakistan) bridges the gap between Eocene and Miocene adapiform communities in Southern Asia. J Hum Evol. 42:379–388.10.1006/jhev.2001.0529
  • Ni XJ, Gebo DL, Dagosto M, Meng J, Tafforeau P, Flynn JJ, Beard KC. 2013. The oldest known primate skeleton and early haplorhine evolution. Nature. 498:60-64.10.1038/nature12200
  • Ni X, Li Q, Li Lz, Beard KC. 2016. Oligocene primates from China reveal divergence between African and Asian primate evolution. Science. 352:673–677.10.1126/science.aaf2107
  • O’Leary MA, Bloch JI, Flynn JJ, Gaudin TJ, Giallombardo A, Giannini NP, Goldberg SL, Kraatz BP, Luo Z-X, Meng J, et al. 2012/2013. The placental mammal ancestor and the post-K-Pg radiation of placentals. Science. 339:662–667.
  • PAUP* phylogenetic analysis using parsimony (*and other methods), Version 4. 1998. Sunderland (MA): Sinauer Associates.
  • Perry JMG, St Clair EM, Hartstone-Rose A. 2015. Craniomandibular signals of diet in adapids. Am J Phys Anthropol. 158:646–662.10.1002/ajpa.22811
  • Ramdarshan A, Godinot M, Bédécarrats S, Tabuce R. 2015. Holotype specimen of Donrussellia magna, an adapiform primate from the early Eocene (MP7) of Southern France. MorphoMuseuM. 1:e2.
  • Ramdarshan A, Merceron G, Marivaux L. 2011. Spatial and temporal ecological diversity amongst Eocene primates of France: evidence from teeth. Am J Phys Anthropol. 147:201–216.
  • Ronquist F, Klopfstein S, Vilhelmsen L, Schulmeister S, Murray DL, Rasnitsyn AP. 2012. A total-evidence approach to dating with fossils, applied to the early radiation of the Hymenoptera. Syst Biol. 61:973–999.10.1093/sysbio/sys058
  • Rose KD, Godinot M, Bown TM. 1994. The early radiation of Euprimates and the initial diversification of the Omomyidae. Anthropoid Origins. New York (NY): Plenum Press; p. 1–27.
  • Rose KD, Rana RS, Sahni A, Kumar K, Missiaen P, Singh L, Smith T. 2009. Early Eocene primates from Gujarat, India. J Hum Evol. 56:366–404.10.1016/j.jhevol.2009.01.008
  • Ross CF, Hall MI, Heesy CP. 2007. Were basal primates nocturnal? Evidence from eye and orbit shape. In: Ravosa MJ, Dagosto M, editors. Primate origins: adaptations and evolution. New York (NY): Springer; p. 233–256.
  • Rossie JB, Smith TD. 2007. Ontogeny of the nasolacrimal duct in primates: functional and phylogenetic implications. J Anat. 210:195–208.10.1111/joa.2007.210.issue-2
  • Sallam HM, Seiffert ER. 2016. New phiomorph rodents from the latest Eocene of Egypt, and the impact of Bayesian “clock”-based phylogenetic methods on estimates of basal hystricognath relationships and biochronology. PeerJ. 4:e1717.10.7717/peerj.1717
  • Seiffert ER. 2007. Evolution and extinction of Afro-Arabian primates near the Eocene-Oligocene boundary. Folia Primatol. 78:314–327.
  • Seiffert ER, Bown TM, Clyde WC, Simons EL. 2008. Geology, paleoenvironment, and age of Birket Qarun Locality 2 (BQ-2), Fayum Depression, Egypt. In: Fleagle JG, Gilbert CC, editors. Elwyn L Simons: a search for origins. New York (NY): Springer; p. 71–86.
  • Seiffert ER, Costeur L, Boyer DM. 2015. Primate tarsal bones from Egerkingen, Switzerland, attributable to the middle Eocene adapiform Caenopithecus lemuroides. PeerJ. e1036:1–61.
  • Seiffert ER, Perry JMG, Simons EL, Boyer DM. 2009. Convergent evolution of anthropoid-like adaptations in Eocene adapiform primates. Nature. 461:1118–1121.10.1038/nature08429
  • Seiffert ER, Simons EL, Attia Y. 2003. Fossil evidence for an ancient divergence of lorises and galagos. Nature. 422:421–424.10.1038/nature01489
  • Seiffert ER, Simons EL, Boyer DM, Perry JMG, Ryan TM, Sallam HM. 2010. A fossil primate of uncertain affinities from the earliest late Eocene of Egypt. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 107:9712–9717.10.1073/pnas.1001393107
  • Seiffert ER, Simons EL, Clyde WC, Rossie JB, Attia Y, Bown TM, Chatrath P, Mathison M. 2005a. Basal anthropoids from Egypt and the antiquity of Africa’s higher primate radiation. Science. 310:300–304.10.1126/science.1116569
  • Seiffert ER, Simons EL, Ryan TM, Attia Y. 2005b. Additional remains of Wadilemur elegans, a primitive stem galagid from the late Eocene of Egypt. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 102:11396–11401.10.1073/pnas.0505310102
  • Simons EL. 1997. Discovery of the smallest Fayum Egyptian primates (Anchomomyini, Adapidae). Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 94:180–184.10.1073/pnas.94.1.180
  • Simons EL, Miller ER. 1997. An upper dentition of Aframonius dieides (Primates) from the Fayum, Egyptian Eocene. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 94:7993–7996.10.1073/pnas.94.15.7993
  • Simons EL, Rasmussen DT, Gingerich PD. 1995. New cercamoniine adapid from Fayum, Egypt. J Hum Evol. 29:577–589.10.1006/jhev.1995.1076
  • Spencer MA. 1999. Constraints on masticatory system evolution in anthropoid primates. Am J Phys Anthropol. 108:483–506.10.1002/(ISSN)1096-8644
  • Springer MS, Meredith RW, Gatesy J, Emerling CA, Park J, Rabosky DL, Stadler T, Steiner C, Ryder OA, Janečka JE, et al. 2012. Macroevolutionary dynamics and historical biogeography of primate diversification inferred from a species supermatrix. PLoS ONE. 7:e49521.10.1371/journal.pone.0049521
  • Tabuce R, Marivaux L, Lebrun R, Adaci M, Bensalah M, Fabre PH, Fara E, Rodrigues HG, Hautier L, Jaeger JJ, et al. 2009. Anthropoid versus strepsirhine status of the African Eocene primates Algeripithecus and Azibius: craniodental evidence. Proc R Soc B Biol Sci. 276:4087–4094.10.1098/rspb.2009.1339
  • Wilson JA. 1966. A new primate from the earliest Oligocene, West Texas, preliminary report. Folia Primatol. 4:227–248.10.1159/000155056
  • Yapuncich GS, Seiffert ER, Boyer DM. Forthcoming. Quantification of the position and depth of the flexor hallucis longus groove in euarchontans, with implications for the evolution of primate positional behavior. Am J Phys Anthropol. doi:10.1002/ajpa.23213
  • Yu Y, Harris A, Blair C, He X. 2015. RASP (reconstruct ancestral state in phylogenies): a tool for historical biogeography. Mol Phylogenet Evol. 87:46–49.10.1016/j.ympev.2015.03.008

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.