Publication Cover
Historical Biology
An International Journal of Paleobiology
Volume 31, 2019 - Issue 4: SI: Cave Bear
1,241
Views
8
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Cranial and mandibular morphology of Middle Pleistocene cave bears (Ursus deningeri): implications for diet and evolution

ORCID Icon, , , &
Pages 485-499 | Received 09 Apr 2018, Accepted 09 Jun 2018, Published online: 26 Jul 2018

References

  • Andrews P, Turner A. 1992. Life and death of the Westbury bears. Ann Zool Fennici. 28(3–4):139–149.
  • Arsuaga JL, Carretero J-M, Lorenzo C, Gómez-Olivencia A, Pablos A, Rodríguez L, García-González R, Bonmatí A, Quam RM, Pantoja-Pérez A, et al. 2015. Postcranial morphology of the middle Pleistocene humans from sima de los huesos, Spain. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 112(37):11524–11529.
  • Arsuaga JL, Martínez I, Arnold LJ, Aranburu A, Gracia-Téllez A, Sharp WD, Quam RM, Falguères C, Pantoja-Pérez A, Bischoff J, et al. 2014. Neandertal roots: cranial and chronological evidence from Sima de los Huesos. Science. 344(6190):1358–1363.
  • Arsuaga JL, Martı́nez I, Gracia A, Carretero JM, Lorenzo C, Garcı́a N, Ortega AI. 1997. Sima de los Huesos (Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain). The site. J Hum Evolution. 33(2):109–127.
  • Baca M, Popović D, Stefaniak K, Marciszak A, Urbanowski M, Nadachowski A, Mackiewicz P. 2016. Retreat and extinction fot he Late Pleistocene cave bear (Ursus spelaeus sensu lato). Sci Nat. 103(92):1–17.
  • Baryshnikov GF. 2002. Local biochronology of Middle and Late Pleistocene mammals from the Caucasus. Russian Journal of Theriology. 1(1):61–67.
  • Baryshnikov GF. 2006. Morphometrical variability of cheek teeth in cave bears. Scientific Annals, School of Geology Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. 98:81–102.
  • Baryshnikov GF, Tsoukala E. 2010. New analysis of the Pleistocene carnivores from Petralona Cave (Macedonia, Greece) based on the Collection of the Thessaloniki Aristotle University. Geobios. 43(4):389–402.
  • Bocherens H, Fizet M, Mariotti A. 1994. Diet, physiology and ecology of fossil mammals as inferred from stable carbon and nitrogen isotope biogeochemistry: implications for Pleistocene bears. Palaeogeogr Palaeoclimatol Palaeoecol. 107(3–4):213–225.
  • Bookstein FL. 1991. Morphometric tools for landmark data geometry and biology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Bridgland DR, D’Olier B. 1995. The Pleistocene evolution of the Thames and Rhine drainage systems in the southern North Sea Basin. Geological Society, London, Special Publications. 96:27–45.
  • Brugal J-PZ, Croitor R. 2007. Evolution, ecology and biochronology of herbivore associations in Europe during the last 3 million years. Quaternaire. 18(2):129–152.
  • Candy IAN, Rose J, Lee J. 2006. A seasonally ‘dry’ interglacial climate in eastern England during the early Middle Pleistocene: palaeopedological and stable isotopic evidence from Pakefield, UK. Boreas. 35(2):255–265.
  • Crégut-Bonnoure E, Tsoukala E. 2005. The Pleistocene Bovids from the Petralona cave (Macedonia, Greece): new interpretations and biogeografical implications. In: Crégut-Bonnoure E, editor. Actes Colloque International Avignon. Paris: Quaternaire; p. 161–178.
  • de Lumley H, Barsky D. 2004. Évolution des caractères technologiques et typologiques des industries lithiques dans la stratigraphie de la Caune de l’Arago. L’Anthropologie. 108(2):185–237.
  • de Lumley M-A. 2015. L’homme de Tautavel. Un Homo erectus européen évolué. Homo erectus tautavelensis. L’Anthropologie. 119:303–348.
  • Eisenmann V, Kuznetsova T. 2004. Early Pleistocene equids (Mammalia, Perissodactyla) of Nalaikha, Mongolia, and the emergence of modern Equus Linnaeus, 1758. Geodiversitas. 26(3):535–561.
  • Folk GE, Larson A, Folk MA. 1976. Physiology of hibernating bears. In: Pelton M, editor. Publication series of International Union of Conservation of Nature. Morges: International Switzerland; p. 373–381.
  • Folk GE, Hunt JM, Folk MA. 1977. Further evidence for hibernation in bears. Bears Their Biol Manag. 4:43–47.
  • Galli C, Rossi M, Santi G. 2005. Ursus spelaeus Rosenmüller, 1794 from the Venetian region of Northern Italy: preliminary notes on its evolutionary path. Geo Alp. 5:107–113.
  • García N. 2003. Osos y otros carnívoros de la Sierra de Atapuerca. Oviedo: Fundación Oso de Asturias.
  • García N, Arsuaga JL. 2001. Ursus dolinensis: a new species of Early Pleistocene ursid from Trinchera Dolina, Atapuerca (Spain). Comptes Rendus De l’Académie Des Sciences Series IIA Earth Planetary Science. 332(11):717–725.
  • García N, Arsuaga JL. 2011. The Sima de los Huesos (Burgos, northern Spain): palaeoenvironment and habitats of Homo heidelbergensis during the Middle Pleistocene. Quat Sci Rev. 30(11):1413–1419.
  • García N, Arsuaga JL, Torres T. 1997. The carnivore remains from the Sima de los Huesos Middle Pleistocene site (Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain). J Hum Evol. 33(2–3):155–174.
  • García N, Santos E, Arsuaga JL, Carretero JM. 2006. High-resolution X-ray computed tomography applied to the study of some endocranial traits in cave and brown bears. Scientific Annals, School of Geology Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. 98(141–146):141.
  • García N, Santos E, Arsuaga JL, Carretero JM. 2007. Endocranial morphology of the Ursus deningeri Von Reichenau 1904 from the Sima de los Huesos (Sierra de Atapuerca) Middle Pleistocene Site. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 27(4):1007–1017.
  • Gómez-Olivencia A. 2018. Los macromamíferos continentales de los Pirineos occidentales durante el Pleistoceno: registro fósil, extinciones y nuevas técnicas de estudio. In: Badiola A, Gómez-Olivencia A, Pereda Suberbiola X, Editores. Registro fósil de los Pirineos occidentales. Bienes de interés paleontológico y geológico. Proyección social. Vitoria-Gasteiz: Servicio Central de Publicaciones del Gobierno Vasco-Eusko Jaurlaritzaren Argitalpen Zerbitzu Nagusia. p. 179–197.
  • Grandal-d’Anglade A, Pérez-Rama M, García-Vázquez A, González-Fortes GM. in press. The cave bear’s hibernation: reconstructing the physiology and behaviour of an extinct animal. Historical Biology. p.1–13
  • Groiss JT. 1994. Untersuchungen der Gehirnmorphologie von Ursus deningeri v. Reichenau und von Ursus spelaeus Rosenmüller (Mammalia, Ursidae) an Schädelausgüssen quartärer Funde aus österreichischen Höhlen. In: Senowbari-Daryan B, Daurer A, editors. Festschrift zum 60 Geburtstag von Erik Flügel. Wien: Verlag der Geologischen Bundesanstalt; p. 115–123.
  • Hammer Ø, Harper DAT, Ryan PD. 2001. PAST:paleontological statistics software package for education and data analysis. Palaeontologia Electronica. 4(1):1–9.
  • Hänni C, Laudet V, Stehelin D, Taberlet P. 1994. Tracking the origins of the cave bear (Ursus spelaeus) by mitochondrial DNA sequencing. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 91(25):12336–12340.
  • Hissa R, Siekkinen J, Hohtola E, Saarela S, Hakala A, Pudas J. 1994. Seasonal patterns in the physiology of the European brown bear (Ursus arctos arctos) in Finland. Comp Biochemistry Physiol A: Physiol. 109(3):781–791.
  • Klingenberg CP. 2011. MorphoJ: an integrated software package for geometric morphometrics. Mol Ecol Resour. 11:353–357.
  • Knapp M, Rohland N, Weinstock J, Baryshnikov GF, Sher A, Nagel D, Rabeder G, Pinhasi R, Schmidt HA, Hofreiter M. 2009. First DNA sequences from Asian cave bear fossils reveal deep divergences and complex phylogeographic patterns. Molecular Biology. 16(6):1225–1238.
  • Kretzoi M. 1977. The fauna of small vertebrates of the middle Pleistocene period at Petralona. Anthropos. 4:131–143.
  • Kurtén B. 1955. Contribution to the history of a mutation during 1,000,000 years. Evolution. 9(2):107–118.
  • Kurtén B, Poulianos AN. 1977. New stratigraphic and faunal material from Petralona Cave with special reference to the Carnivora. Anthropos. 4(1–2):47–130.
  • Lee JR, Rose J, Candy I, Barendregt RW. 2006. Sea-level changes, rivel activity, soil development and glaciation around the western margins of the southern North Sea Basin during the Early and early Middle Pleistocene: evidence from Pakefield, Suffolk, UK. J Quaternary Sci. 21(2):155–179.
  • Lewis SG, Parfitt SA, Preece RC, Sinclair J, Coope GR, Field MH, Maher BA, Scaife RG, Whittaker JE. 2004. Age and palaeoenvironmental setting of the Pleistocene vertebrate fauna at Norton Subcourse, Norfolk. In: Schreve DC, editor. The Quaternary Mammals of Southern & Eastern England. London: Quaternary Research Association.
  • Lister AM. 1993. The stratigraphical significance of deer species in the cromer forest-bed formation. J Quaternary Sci. 8(2):95–108.
  • Lister AM. 1996. The stratigraphical interpretation of large mammal remains from the Cromer Forest-bed Formation. In: Turner A, editor. The early Middle Pleistocene in Europe. Rotterdam: Balkema.
  • Mackiewicz P, Baca M, Popovi D, Socha P, Stefaniak K, Marciszak A, Nadachowski A. 2017. Estimating the extinction time of two cave bears, Ursus spelaeus and U. ingressus. Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia. 60(2):1–14.
  • Mattson DJ. 1998. Diet and morphology of extant and recently extinct northern bears. Ursus. 10:479–496.
  • Medin T, Martínez-Navarro B, Rivals F, Madurell-Malapeira J, Ros-Montoya S, Espigares M-P, Figueirido B, Rook L, Palmqvist P. 2017. Late Villafranchian Ursus etruscus and other large carnivorans from the Orce sites (Guadix-Baza basin, Andalusia, southern Spain): taxonomy, biochronology, paleobiology, and ecogeographical context. Quaternary Int. 431:20–41.
  • Mielke PW, Berry KJ. 2007. Permutation methods: a distance function approach. 2 ed ed. New York: Springer. (Springer Series in Statistics.
  • Mitteroecker P, Gunz P, Bookstein FL. 2005. Heterochrony and geometric morphometrics: a comparison of cranial growth in Pan paniscus versus Pan troglodytes. Evol Dev. 7(3):244–258.
  • Moigne AM, Palombo MR, Belda V, Heriech-Briki D, Kacimi S, Lacombat F, De Lumley MA, Moutoussamy J, Rivals F, Quilès J, et al. 2006. An interpretation of a large mammal fauna from la Caune de l’Arago (France) in comparison to a Middle Pleistocene biochronological frame from Italy. Anthropologie. 110(5):788–831.
  • Münzel SC, Athen K. 2009. Correlating genetic results with biometric analysis on metapodial bones. Slovenský Kras Acta Carsologica Slovaca. 47:47–56.
  • Nelson RA, Folk GE, Pfeiffer EW, Craighead JJ, Jonkel CJ, Steiger DL. 1983. Behavior, biochemistry, and hibernation in black, grizzly, and polar bears. Int Conf Bear Res Manag. 5:284–290.
  • Nogueira MR, Peracchi AL, Monteiro LR. 2009. Morphological correlates of bite force and diet in the skull and mandible of phyllostomid bats. Funct Ecol. 23(4):715–723.
  • Pales L, Garcia MA. 1981. Altas Ostéologique pour Servir à l’Identification des Mammifères du Quaternaire. II. Tête, Rachis, Ceintures Scapulaire et Pelvienne, Membres: Carnivores, Homme [Osteological Altas to Serve the Identification of Quaternary Mammals. II. Head, Spine, Scapular and Pelvic Belts, Members: Carnivores, Man]. Paris: Editions du Central National de la Recherche Scientifique.
  • Palombo MR, Sardella R, Novelli M. 2008. Carnivora dispersal in Western Mediterranean during the last 2.6 Ma. Quaternary Int. 179:176–189.
  • Raia P, Carotenuto F, Meloro C, Piras P, Barbera C, Kotsakis T. 2009. More than three million years of community evolution. The temporal and geographical resolution of the Plio-Pleistocene Western Eurasia mammal faunas. Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology. 276(1–4):15–23.
  • Raymo ME, Nisancioglu KH. 2003. The 41 kyr world: milankovitch’s other unsolved mystery. Paleoceanography. 18(1): 1-6.
  • Santos E, Garcia N, Carretero JM, Arsuaga JL, Tsoukala E. 2014. Endocranial traits of the Sima de los Huesos (Atapuerca, Spain) and Petralona (Chalkidiki, Greece) Middle Pleistocene ursids. Phylogenetic and biochronological implications. Annales De Paléontologie. 100(4):297–309.
  • Santos E, Gómez-Olivencia A, Arlegi M, Arsuaga JL. 2017. Cranial morphological differences within U.deningeri – U. spelaeus lineage: A double traditional and geometric morphometrics approach. Quaternary International. 433:347–362.
  • Sigovini M, Keppel E, Tagliapietra D. 2016. Open Nomenclature in the biodiversity era. Methods Ecol Evol. 7(10):1217–1225.
  • Stiner MC. 1999. Cave bear ecology and interactions with Pleistocene humans. Ursus. 11:41–58.
  • Stiner MC, Achyuthan H, Arsebuk G, Howell FC, Josephson SC, Juell KE, Pigati J, Quade J. 1998. Reconstructing cave bear paleoecology from skeletons: a cross-disciplinary study of Middle Pleistocene bears from Yarimburgaz cave, Turkey. Paleobiology. 24(1):74–98.
  • Torres T, Nestares T, Cobo R, Ortiz JE, Vidal R, Prieto JO. 2001. Análisis morfológico y métrico de la dentición y metapodios del oso de Deninger (Ursus deningeri von Reichenau) de la Cueva Sta. Isabel de Ranero. Aminocronología (Valle de Carranza - bizkaia ´País Vasco). MUNIBE. 51:107–141.
  • Torres T, Ortiz JE, Fernández E, Arroyo-Pardo E, Grün R, Pérez-González A. 2014. Aspartic acid racemization as a dating tool for dentine: A reality. Quat Geochronol. 22:43–56.
  • Tsoukala E. 1989. Contribution to the Study of the Pleistocene Fauna of Large Mammals (Carnivora, Perissodactyla, Artiodactyla) from Petralona. Chalkidiki (Northern Greece): University of Thessaloniki.
  • Valdiosera C, García N, Dalén L, Smith C, Kahlke R-D, Lidén K, Angerbjörn A, Arsuaga JL, Götherström A. 2006. Typing single polymorphic nucleotides in mitochondrial DNA as a way to access Middle Pleistocene DNA. Biol Lett. 2(4):601–603.
  • van Heteren AH, MacLarnon A, Rae TC, Soligo C. 2009. Cave bears and their closest living relatives: a 3D geometric morphometrical approach to the functional morphology of the cave bear Ursus spelaeus. Slovenský Kras Acta Carsologica Slovaca. 47(supplement 1):33–46.
  • van Heteren AH, MacLarnon A, Soligo C, Rae TC. 2016. Functional morphology of the cave bear (Ursus spelaeus) mandible: a 3D geometric morphometric analysis. Organisms Divers Evol. 16(1):299–314.
  • van Heteren AH, MacLarnon AM, Soligo C, Rae TC. 2012. 3D geometric morphometrical analyses of intraspecific variation in the mandible of Ursus spelaeus from the Alpine region. Braunschweiger Naturkundliche Schriften. 11:111–128.
  • van Heteren AH, MacLarnon AM, Soligo C, Rae TC. 2014. Functional morphology of the cave bear (Ursus spelaeus) cranium: a three-dimensional geometric morphometric analysis. Quaternary Int. 16:299–314.
  • van Kolfschoten T, Markova AK. 2005. Response of the European mammalian fauna to the mid-Pleistocene transition. Geological Society, London, Special Publications. 247(1):221–229.
  • Vila Taboada M, Grandal d’Anglade A. 2001. The problem of the species concept in the phylogeny of the cave bears. Cadernos Do Laboratorio Xeolóxico De Laxe. 26:349–358.
  • Watts PD, Øritsland NA, Jonkel C, Ronald K. 1981. Mammalian hibernation and the oxygen consumption of a denning black bear (Ursus americanas) (sic). Comp Biochemistry Physiol A: Physiol. 69(1):121–123.
  • Withalm G. 2001. The evolution of metapodials in the cave bear group (Ursidae, Mammalia). Beiträge Zur Paläontologie. 26:169–249.
  • Zelditch ML, Swiderski DL, Sheets HD, Fink WL. 2004. Geometric morphometrics for biologists: a primer. New York: Elsevier Academic Press.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.