Major radiation of cheilostome bryozoans: Triggered by the evolution of a new larval type?

References

• Atkins , D. 1955a . The cyphonautes larvae of the Plymouth area and the metamorphosis of Membranipora membranacea (L.). . Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , 34 : 441 – 449 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Atkins , D. 1955b . The ciliary feeding mechanism of the cyphonautes larva (Polyzoa Ectoprocta). . Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , 34 : 451 – 466 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Banta , W.C. 1975 . Origin and early evolution of cheilostome Bryozoa. . Documents des Laboratoires de Géologie de la Faculté des Sciences de Lyon , 3 (2) : 565 – 582 . hors série
   Google Scholar
• Bottjer , D.J. and Jablonski , D. 1985 . Onshore‐offshore trends in benthic faunal change: driven by clade origination. . Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs , 17 : 529
   Google Scholar
• Burton , R.S. 1983 . Protein polymorphisms and genetic differentiation of marine invertebrate populations. . Marine Biology Letters , 4 : 193 – 206 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Canu , F. and Bassler , R.S. 1933 . The bryozoan fauna of the Vincentown Limesand. . Bulletin of the United States National Museum , 165 : 1 – 108 .
   Google Scholar
• Cheetham , A.H. 1960 . Time, migration, and continental drift. . Bulletin of the American Association of Petroleum Geologists , 44 : 244 – 251 .
   Google Scholar
• Cheetham , A.H. 1968 . Morphology and systematics of the bryozoan genus Metrarabdotos. . Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections , 153 : 1 – 121 .
   Google Scholar
• Cheetham , A.H. 1971 . Functional morphology and biofacies distribution of cheilostome Bryozoa in the Danian Stage (Paleocene) of southern Scandanavia. . Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology , 6 : 1 – 87 .
   Google Scholar
• Cheetham , A.H. 1975 . Taxonomic significance of autozooid size and shape in some early multiserial cheilostomes from the Gulf Coast of the USA. . Documents des Laboratoires de Géologie de la Faculté des Sciences de Lyon , 3 (2) : 547 – 564 . hors série
   Google Scholar
• Cheetham , A.H. and Cook , P.L. 1983 . “ General features of the Class Gymnolaemata. ” . In Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Part G Bryozoa , Revised Edited by: Robison , R.A. Volume 1 , 138 – 207 . Boulder and Lawrence : Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press .
   Google Scholar
• Cook , P.L. 1964 . Polyzoa from West Africa, 1. Notes on the Steganoporellidae, Thalamoporellidae and Onychocellidae (Anasca, Coilostega). . Annales de l'Institut Océanographique. Monaco & Paris. , 41 : 43 – 78 .
   Google Scholar
• Cook , P.L. 1977 . Early colony development in Aetea (Bryozoa). . American Zoologist , 17 : 55 – 61 .
   Google Scholar
• Cook , P.L. 1979 . “ Some problems in interpretation of heteromorphy and colony integration in Bryozoa. ” . In Biology and Systematics of Colonial Organisms , Edited by: Larwood , G. and Rosen , B.R. 193 – 210 . London and New York : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Cook , P.L. 1985 . Bryozoa from Ghana. . Zoologische Wetenschappen Musee Royal l'Afrique centrale Terntren, Belgique , 238 : 1 – 315 .
   Google Scholar
• Cook , P.L. and Hayward , P.J. 1983 . Notes on the family Lekythoporidae (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata). . Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) , 45 : 55 – 76 . Zoology Series
   Google Scholar
• Crisp , D.J. 1978 . “ Genetic consequences of different reproductive strategies in marine invertebrates. ” . In Marine Organisms. Genetics, Ecology and Evolution , Edited by: Battaglia , B. and Beardmore , J.A. 257 – 273 . New York : Plenum Press .
   Google Scholar
• David , L. , Mongereau , N. and Pouyet , S. 1972 . Bryozoaires du Néogène du bassin du Rhône. Gisements burdigaliens de Mus (Gard). . Documents des Laboratoires de Géologie de la Faculté des Sciences de Lyon , 52 : 1 – 118 .
   Google Scholar
• Dyrynda , P.E.J. and King , P.E. 1982 . Sexual reproduction in Epistomia bursaria (L.) (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata), an endozooidal brooder without polypide recycling. . Journal of Zoology , 198 : 337 – 352 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dyrynda , P.E.J. and King , P.E. 1983 . Gametogenesis in placental and non‐placental ovicellate cheilostome Bryozoa. . Journal of Zoology , 200 : 471 – 492 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Emig , C.C. 1982 . The biology of Phoronida. . Advances in Marine Biology , 19 : 1 – 89 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Emlet , R.B. 1985 . Crystal axes in Recent and fossil adult echinoids indicate trophic mode in larval development. . Science , 230 : 937 – 940 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Farmer , J.D. 1977 . “ An adaptive model for the evolution of the ectoproct life cycle. ” . In Biology of Bryozoans , Edited by: Woollacott , R.M. and Zimmer , R.L. 487 – 517 . New York : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Ghiurca , V. and Mongereau , N. 1981 . “ La faune bryozoaires Éocènes d'Europe Orientale. ” . In Recent and Fossil Bryozoa , Edited by: Larwood , G.P. and Nielsen , C. 93 – 100 . Fredensborg : Olsen and Olsen .
   Google Scholar
• Gooch , J.L. 1975 . “ Mechanisms of evolution and population genetics. ” . In Marine Ecology. Volume II. Physiological Mechanisms. Part 1 , Edited by: Kinne , O. 349 – 409 . London : Wiley .
   Google Scholar
• Gordon , D.P. 1984 . The marine fauna of New Zealand: Bryozoa: Gymnolaemata from the Kermadec Ridge. . New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir , 91 : 1 – 198 .
   Google Scholar
• Hancock , J.M. and Kauffman , E.G. 1979 . The great transgressions of the Late Cretaceous. . Journal of the Geological Society of London , 136 : 175 – 186 .
   Google Scholar
• Hansen , T.A. 1978 . Larval dispersal and species longevity in Lower Tertiary gastropods. . Science , 199 : 885 – 887 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hansen , T.A. 1980 . Influence of larval dispersal and geographic distribution on species longevity in neogastropods. . Paleobiology , 6 : 193 – 207 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hansen , T.A. 1982 . Modes of larval development in Early Tertiary neogastropods. . Paleobiology , 8 : 367 – 377 .
   Google Scholar
• Harland , W.B. , Cox , A.V. , Llewellyn , P.G. , Pickton , C.A.G. , Smith , A.G. and Walters , R. 1982 . A Geologic Time Scale. , Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Hayward , P.J. 1981 . The Cheilostomata (Bryozoa) of the deep sea. . Galathea Reports , 15 : 21 – 68 .
   Google Scholar
• Hayward , P.J. and Ryland , J.S. 1979 . British ascophoran bryozoans. . Synopses of the British Fauna , 14 : 1 – 312 . new series
   Google Scholar
• Hedgecock , D. 1986 . Is gene flow from pelagic larval dispersal important in the adaptation and evolution of marine invertebrates? . Bulletin of Marine Science , 39 : 550 – 564 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Highsmith , R.C. 1985 . Floating and algal rafting as potential dispersal mechanisms in brooding invertebrates. . Marine Ecology‐Progress Series , 25 : 169 – 179 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• d'Hondt , J.‐L. 1977 . Valeur systématique de la structure larvaire et des particularités de la morphogenèse post‐larvaire chez les Bryozoaires Gymnolaemates. . Gegenbaurs Morphologisches Jahrbuch , 123 : 463 – 483 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• d'Hondt , J.‐L. 1985 . Contribution à la systématique des Bryozoaires Eurystomes. Apports récents et nouvelles propositions. . Annales des Sciences Naturelles. Zoologie (B) , 7 : 1 – 12 .
   Google Scholar
• Jablonski , D. 1980 . Apparent versus real biotic effects of transgressions and regressions. . Paleobiology , 6 : 397 – 407 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jablonski , D. . Evolutionary rates and modes in Late Cretaceous gastropods; role of larval ecology. . Proceedings of the 3rd North American Paleontological Convention . Vol. 1 , pp. 257 – 262 .
   Google Scholar
• Jablonski , D. 1986 . Larval ecology and macroevolution in marine invertebrates. . Bulletin of Marine Science , 39 : 565 – 587 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jablonski , D. and Lutz , R.A. 1983 . Larval ecology of marine benthic invertebrates: paleobiological implications. . Biological Reviews , 58 : 21 – 89 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jackson , J.B.C. 1974 . Biogeographic consequences of eurytopy and stenotopy among marine bivalves and their evolutionary significance. . American Naturalist , 108 : 541 – 560 .
   Google Scholar
• Jackson , J.B.C. 1986 . Modes of dispersal of clonal benthic invertebrates: consequences for species’ distributions and genetic structure of local populations. . Bulletin of Marine Science , 39 : 588 – 606 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jackson , J.B.C. and Coates , A.G. 1986 . Life cycles and evolution of clonal (modular) animals. . Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, series B , 313 : 7 – 22 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jackson , J.B.C. , Winston , J.E. and Coates , A.G. 1985 . Niche breadth, geographic range, and extinction of Caribbean reef‐associated cheilostome Bryozoa and Scleractinia. . Proceedings of the Fifth International Coral Reef Congress , 4 : 151 – 158 .
   Google Scholar
• Janson , K. 1987 . Allozyme and shell variation in two marine snails (Littorina, Prosobranchia) with different dispersal abilities. . Biological Journal of the Linnean Society , 30 : 245 – 256 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keough , M.J. and Chernoff , H. 1987 . Dispersal and population variation in the bryozoan Bugula neritina. . Ecology , 68 : 199 – 210 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Labracherie , M. 1975 . Description des Bryozoaires Cheilostomes d'âge Eocèné inférieur du site 246 (croisière 25, Deep Sea Drilling Project). . Bulletin de l'Institut de Géologie du Bassin d'Aquitaine , 18 : 149 – 202 .
   Google Scholar
• Lagaaij , R. and Cook , P.L. 1973 . “ Some Tertiary to Recent Bryozoa. ” . In Atlas of Palaeobiogeography , Edited by: Hallam , A. 489 – 498 . Amsterdam : Elsevier .
   Google Scholar
• Larwood , G.P. 1979 . “ Colonial integration in Cretaceous cribrimorph Bryozoa. ” . In Advances in Bryo‐zoology , Edited by: Larwood , G.P. and Abbott , M.B. 503 – 520 . London : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Larwood , G.P. and Taylor , P.D. 1981 . “ Mesozoic bryozoan evolution: response to increasing prédation pressure? ” . In Recent and Fossil Bryozoa , Edited by: Larwood , G.P. and Nielsen , C. 312 – 313 . Fredensborg : Olsen and Olsen .
   Google Scholar
• McEdward , L.R. and Strathmann , R.R. 1987 . The body plan of the cyphonautes larva of bryozoans prevents high clearance rates: comparison with the pluteus and a growth model. . Biological Bulletin , 172 : 30 – 45 .
   Google Scholar
• Marcus , E. 1937 . Bryozoen von St. Helena. . Videnskabelige Meddeleser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening i Kiobenhavn , 1 : 183 – 252 .
   Google Scholar
• Marcus , E. 1940 . Mosdyr (Bryozóa eller Polyzóa). . Danmarks Fauna , 46 : 1 – 401 .
   Google Scholar
• Medd , A.W. 1966 . The zoarial development of some membranimorph Polyzoa. . Annals and Magazine of Natural History, series 13 , 9 : 11 – 22 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nielson , C. 1971 . Entoproct life‐cycles and the entoproct/ectoproct relationship. . Ophelia , 9 : 209 – 341 .
   Google Scholar
• Neilson , C. 1981 . On morphology and reproduction of ’Hippodiplosia’ insculpta and Fenestrulina malusii (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata). . Ophelia , 20 : 91 – 125 .
   Google Scholar
• Neilson , C. 1985 . “ Ovicell formation in Tegella and four cellularioids (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata). ” . In Bryozoa: Ordovician to Recent , Edited by: Nielson , C. and Larwood , G.P. 213 – 220 . Fredensborg : Olsen and Olsen .
   Google Scholar
• Pitt , L.J. 1976 . A new cheilostome bryozoan from the British Aptian. . Proceedings of the Geologists Association , 87 : 65 – 68 .
   Google Scholar
• Pohowsky , R.A. 1973 . “ A Jurassic cheilostome from England. ” . In Living and Fossil Bryozoa , Edited by: Larwood , G.P. 447 – 461 . London : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Ross , J.R.P. 1979 . “ Ectoproct adaptations and ecological strategies. ” . In Advances in Bryozoology , Edited by: Larwood , G.P. and Abbott , M.B. 283 – 294 . London : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Ryland , J.S. 1970 . Bryozoans. , London : Hutchinson University Library .
   Google Scholar
• Ryland , J.S. 1976 . Physiology and ecology of marine bryozoans. . Advances in Marine Biology , 1 : 285 – 443 .
   Google Scholar
• Ryland , J.S. 1982 . “ Bryozoa. ” . In Synopsis and Classification of Marine Organisms , Edited by: Parker , S.P. 743 – 769 . New York : McGraw‐Hill .
   Google Scholar
• Ryland , J.S. and Hayward , P.J. 1977 . British anascan bryozoans. . Synopses of the British Fauna , 10 : 1 – 188 . new series
   Google Scholar
• Scheltema , R.S. 1971 . Larval dispersal as a means of genetic exchange between geographically separated populations of shallow‐water benthic marine gastropods. . Biological Bulletin , 140 : 284 – 322 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scheltema , R.S. 1977 . “ Dispersal of marine invertebrate organisms: paleobiogeographic and bio‐stratigraphic implications. ” . In Concepts and Methods of Biostratigraphy , Edited by: Kauffman , E.G. and Hazel , J.E. 73 – 108 . Stroudsburg : Dowden, Hutchinson and Ross .
   Google Scholar
• Scheltema , R.S. 1978 . “ On the relationship between dispersal of pelagic veliger larvae and the evolution of marine prosobranch molluscs. ” . In Marine Organisms. Genetics, Ecology and Evolution , Edited by: Battaglia , B. and Beardmore , J.A. 303 – 322 . New York : Plenum Press .
   Google Scholar
• Scheltema , R.S. 1986 . On dispersal and planktonic larvae of benthic invertebrates: an eclectic overview and summary of problems. . Bulletin of Marine Science , 39 : 290 – 322 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schopf , T.J.M. 1973 . “ Ergonomics of polymorphism: its relation to the colony as the unit of natural selection in species of the phylum Ectoprocta. ” . In Animal Colonies , Edited by: Boardman , R.S. , Cheetham , A.H. and Oliver , W.A. 247 – 294 . Stroudsburg : Dowden, Hutchinson and Ross .
   Google Scholar
• Schopf , T.J.M. 1974 . Survey of genetic differentiation in a coastal zone invertebrate: the ectoproct Schizoporella errata. . Biological Bulletin , 146 : 78 – 87 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Schopf , T.J.M. 1977 . “ Population genetics of bryozoans. ” . In Biology of Bryozoans , Edited by: Woollacott , R.M. and Zimmer , R.L. 459 – 486 . New York : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Schopf , T.J.M. and Dutton , A.R. 1976 . Parallel clines in morphologic and genetic differentiation in a coastal zone marine invertebrate: the bryozoan Schizoporella errata. . Paleobiology , 2 : 255 – 264 .
   Google Scholar
• Schopf , T.J.M. and Gooch , J.L. 1971 . Gene frequencies in a marine ectoproct: a cline in natural populations related to sea temperatures. . Evolution , 25 : 286 – 289 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sepkoski , J.J. 1982 . A compendium of fossil marine families. . Milwaukee Public Museum Contributions to Biology and Geology , 51 : 1 – 125 .
   Google Scholar
• Sepkoski , J.J. and Hulver , M.L. 1985 . “ An atlas of Phanerozoic clade diversity diagrams. ” . In Phanerozoic Diversity Patterns , Edited by: Valentine , J.W. 11 – 39 . Princeton : Princeton University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Shuto , T. 1974 . Larval ecology of prpsobranch gastropods and its bearing on biogeography and paleontology. . Lethaia , 7 : 239 – 256 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Silén , L. 1977 . “ Polymorphism. ” . In Biology of Bryozoans , Edited by: Woollacott , R.M. and Zimmer , R.L. 183 – 231 . New York : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Slatkin , M. 1987 . Gene flow and the geographic structure of natural populations. . Science , 236 : 787 – 792 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stach , L.W. 1938 . Observations on Carbasea indivisa (Busk) (Bryozoa). . Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, series B , 108 : 389 – 399 .
   Google Scholar
• Stanley , S.M. 1975 . A theory of evolution above the species level. . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America , 72 : 646 – 650 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stanley , S.M. 1979 . Macroevolution. , San Francisco : W.H. Freeman .
   Google Scholar
• Strathmann , R.R. 1973 . Function of lateral cilia in suspension feeding lophophorates (Brachiopoda, Phoronida, Ectoprocta). . Marine Biology , 23 : 129 – 136 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Strathmann , R.R. 1978a . The evolution and loss of feeding larval stages of marine invertebrates. . Evolution , 32 : 894 – 906 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Strathmann , R.R. 1978b . Progressive vacating of adaptive types during the Phanerozoic. . Evolution , 32 : 907 – 914 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Strathmann , R.R. 1986 . What controls the type of larval development? Summary statement for the evolution session. . Bulletin of Marine Science , 39 : 616 – 622 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Strathmann , R.R. and McEdward , L.R. 1986 . Cyphonautes’ ciliary sieve breaks a biological rule of inference. . Biological Bulletin , 171 : 694 – 700 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ström , R. 1977 . “ Brooding patterns of bryozoans. ” . In Biology of Bryozoans , Edited by: Woollacott , R.M. and Zimmer , R.L. 23 – 55 . New York : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Taylor , P.D. 1981 . “ Functional morphology and evolutionary significance of differing modes of tentacle eversion in marine bryozoans. ” . In Recent and Fossil Bryozoa , Edited by: Larwood , G.P. and Nielsen , C. 235 – 247 . Fredensborg : Olsen and Olsen .
   Google Scholar
• Taylor , P.D. 1986 . Charixa Lang and Spinicharixa gen. nov., cheilostome bryozoans from the Lower Cretaceous. . Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). Geology Series , 40 : 197 – 222 .
   Google Scholar
• Taylor , P.D. 1987 . “ Skeletal morphology of malacostegan grade cheilostome Bryozoa. ” . In Bryozoa: Present and Past , Edited by: Ross , J.R.P. 269 – 276 . Bellingham : Western Washington University .
   Google Scholar
• Taylor , P.D. and Larwood , G.P. “ Mass extinctions and the pattern of bryozoan evolution. ” . In Extinction and Survival in the Fossil Record , Systematics Association Edited by: Larwood , G.P. Special Volume No. 34 , 99 – 119 . London : Oxford University Press . (in press)
   Google Scholar
• Thorpe , J.P. and Beardmore , J.A. 1981 . “ Genetic variation in natural populations of marine bryozoans. ” . In Recent and Fossil Bryozoa , Edited by: Larwood , G.P. and Nielsen , C. 263 – 272 . Fredensborg : Olsen and Olsen .
   Google Scholar
• Vermeij , G.J. 1977 . The Mesozoic marine revolution: evidence from snails, predators and grazers. . Paleobiology , 3 : 245 – 258 .
   Google Scholar
• Voigt , E. 1975 . Heteromorphy in Cretaceous Bryozoa. . Documents des Laboratoires de Géologie de la Faculté des Sciences de Lyon , 3 (1) : 77 – 95 . hors série
   Google Scholar
• Voigt , E. 1979 . Bryozoen der Kunrader Schichten in Süd‐Limburg (Oberkreide, Ob. Maastrichtium). I. Cheilostomata. . Grondboor Hamer , : 33 – 88 . 1979
   Google Scholar
• Voigt , E. 1981 . Répartition et utilisation stratigraphique des Bryozoaires du Crétacé Moyen (Aptien‐Coniacien). . Cretaceous Research , 2 : 439 – 462 .
   Google Scholar
• Voigt , E. 1983 . Fossilerhaltung durch Bioimmuration: Aetea (LAMOUROUX) (Bryozoa Cheilostomata) aus dem Mittelmeerraum (Pliozän und rezent). . Facies , 9 : 285 – 310 .
   Google Scholar
• Voigt , E. 1985 . “ The Bryozoa of the Cretaceous‐Tertiary boundary. ” . In Bryozoa: Ordovician to Recent , Edited by: Nielsen , C. and Larwood , G.P. 329 – 342 . Fredensborg : Olsen and Olsen .
   Google Scholar
• Vrba , E.S. 1980 . Evolution, species and fossils: how does life evolve? . South African Journal of Science , 76 : 61 – 84 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vrba , E.S. and Gould , S.J. 1986 . The hierarchical expansion of sorting and selection: sorting and selection cannot be equated. . Paleobiology , 12 : 217 – 228 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Winston , J.E. and Eiseman , N.J. 1980 . Bryozoan‐algal associations in coastal and continental shelf waters of eastern Florida. . Florida Scientist , 43 : 65 – 74 .
   Google Scholar
• Wright , S. 1931 . Evolution in Mendelian populations. . Genetics , 16 : 97 – 159 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wright , S. 1982 . Character change, speciation, and the higher taxa. . Evolution , 36 : 427 – 443 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yoshioka , P.M. 1982 . Role of planktonic and benthic factors in the population dynamics of the bryozoan Membranipora membranacea. . Ecology , 63 : 457 – 468 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Young , K. 1967 . “ Ammonite zonations, Texas Comanchean (Lower Cretaceous). ” . In Comanchean (Lower Cretaceous) Stratigraphy and Paleontology of Texas , Edited by: Hendricks , L. 65 – 70 . AAPG‐SEPM Permian Basin Section, publication 67–8 .
   Google Scholar
• Zimmer , R.L. and Woollacott , R.M. 1977a . “ Structure and classification of gymnolaemate larvae. ” . In Biology of Bryozoans , Edited by: Woollacott , R.M. and Zimmer , R.L. 57 – 89 . New York : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Zimmer , R.L. and Woolacott , R.M. 1977b . “ Metamorphosis, ancestrulae, and coloniality in bryozoan life cycles. ” . In Biology of Bryozoans , Edited by: Woollacott , R.M. and Zimmer , R.L. 91 – 142 . New York : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar