Heat transfer enhancement by combination of serpentine curves and nanofluid flow in microtube

References

• A. E. Bergles, Handbook of Heat Transfer, 3rd ed., McGraw-Hill, New York, 1998.
   Google Scholar
• B. H. Salman, H. A. Mohammed, K. M. Munisamy, and A. S. Kherbeet, Characteristics of Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow in Microtube and Microchannel Using Conventional Fluids and Nanofluids: A Review, Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 28, pp. 848–880, 2013.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Z. Liu, C. Zhang, Y. Huo, and X. Zhao, Flow and Heat Transfer in Rough Micro Steel Tubes, Exp. Heat Transf., vol. 20, pp. 289–306, 2007.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• L. Zhigang, G. Ning, Z. Chengwu, and Z. Xiaobao, Experimental Study on Flow and Heat Transfer in a 19.6-μm Microtube, Exp. Heat Transf., vol. 22, pp. 178–197, 2009.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• G. L. Morini, Y. Yang, and M. Lorenzini, Experimental Analysis of Gas Micro-Convection Through Commercial Microtubes, Exp. Heat Transf., vol. 25, pp. 151–171, 2012.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• D. Lelea and C. Nisulescu, The Micro-Tube Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow of Water Based Al2O3 Nanofluid with Viscous Dissipation, Int. Comm. Heat Mass Transf., vol. 38, pp. 704–710, 2011.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• B. H. Salman, H. A. Mohammed, and A. S. Kherbeet, Heat Transfer Enhancement of Nanofluids Flow in Microtube with Constant Heat Flux, Int. Comm. Heat Mass Transf., vol. 39, pp. 1195–1204, 2012.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• M. Khoshvaght-Aliabadi, A. Zamzamian, and F. Hormozi, Wavy Channel and Different Nanofluids Effects on Performance of Plate-Fin Heat Exchangers, J. Thermophys. Heat Transf., vol. 28, pp. 474–484, 2014.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• A. A. Minea, Effect of Microtube Length on Heat Transfer Enhancement of an Water/Al2O3 Nanofluid at High Reynolds Numbers, Int. J. Heat Mass Transf., vol. 62, pp. 22–30, 2013.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• B. H. Salman, H. A. Mohammed, and A. S. Kherbeet, Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Heat Transfer Enhancement in a Microtube Using Nanofluids, Int. Comm. Heat Mass Transf., vol. 59, pp. 88–100, 2014.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• D. Lelea and I. Laza, The Water Based Al2O3 Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer in Tangential Microtube Heat Sink with Multiple Inlets, Int. J. Heat Mass Transf., vol. 69, pp. 264–275, 2014.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• D. Lelea and I. Laza, The Particle Thermal Conductivity Influence of Nanofluids on Thermal Performance of the Microtubes, Int. Comm. Heat Mass Transf., vol. 59, pp. 61–67, 2014.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• A. Malvandi and D. D. Ganji, Magnetohydrodynamic Mixed Convective Flow of Al2O3–Water Nanofluid Inside a Vertical Microtube, J. Magnetism Magnet. Mater., vol. 369, pp. 132–141, 2014.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• M. Karimzadehkhouei, S. E. Yalcin, K. Şendur, M. P. Mengüç, and A. Ko¸ar, Pressure Drop and Heat Transfer Characteristics of Nanofluids in Horizontal Microtubes Under Thermally Developing Flow Conditions, Exp. Thermal Fluid Sci., vol. 67, pp. 37–47, 2015.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• M. Khoshvaght-Aliabadi, S. Pazdar, and O. Sartipzadeh, Experimental Investigation of Water Based Nanofluid Containing Copper Nanoparticles Across Helical Microtubes, Int. Comm. Heat Mass Transf., vol. 70, pp. 84–92, 2016.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• M. Khoshvaght-Aliabadi, M. Tavasoli, and F. Hormozi, Comparative Analysis on Thermal-Hydraulic Performance of Curved Tubes: Different Geometrical Parameters and Working Fluids, Energy, vol. 91, pp. 588–600, 2015.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Payamavaran Nanotechnology Fardanegar (PNF) Nano Engineering & Manufacturing Co, Iran. www.pnf-co.com.
   Google Scholar
• D. Zhu, X. Li, N. Wang, X. Wang, J. Gao, and H. Li, Dispersion Behavior and Thermal Conductivity Characteristics of Al2O3–H2O Nanofluids, Current Appl. Phys., vol. 9, pp. 131–139, 2009.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• M. Khoshvaght-Aliabadi, F. Hormozi, and A. Zamzamian, Experimental Analysis of Thermal–Hydraulic Performance of Copper–Water Nanofluid Flow in Different Plate-Fin Channels, Exper. Thermal Fluid Sci., vol. 52, pp. 248–258, 2014.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• H. W. Coleman and W. G. Steele, Experimentation, Validation, and Uncertainty Analysis for Engineers, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 2009.
   Google Scholar
• F. P. Incropera, D. P. Dewitt, T. L. Bergman, and A. S. Lavine, Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 2007.
   Google Scholar
• C. Y. Yang and T. Y. Lin, Heat Transfer Characteristics of Water Flow in Microtubes, Exp. Thermal Fluid Sci., vol. 32, pp. 432–439, 2007.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• C. Y. Yang, J. C. Wu, H. T. Chien, and R. Lu, Friction Characteristics of Water, R-134a, and Air in Small Tubes, Microscale Thermophys. Eng., vol. 7, pp. 335–348, 2003.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• M. Rakhsha, F. Akbaridoust, A. Abbassi, and S. A. Majid, Experimental and Numerical Investigations of Turbulent Forced Convection Flow of Nano-Fluid in Helical Coiled Tubes at Constant Surface Temperature, Powder Tech., vol. 283, pp. 178–189, 2015.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• D. Wen and Y. Din, Experimental Investigation Into Convective Heat Transfer of Nanofluid at the Entrance Region Under Laminar Flow Conditions, Int. J. Heat Mass Transf., vol. 47, pp. 5181–5188, 2004.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• H. Chen, W. Yang, Y. He, Y. Ding, L. Zhang, C. Tan, A. A. Lapkin, and D. V. Bavykin, Heat Transfer Behaviour of Aqueous Suspensions Of Titanate Nanofluids, Powder Tech., vol. 183, pp. 63–72, 2008.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• A. Abbasian Arani and J. Amani, Experimental Investigation of Diameter Effect on Heat Transfer Performance and Pressure Drop of TiO2-Water Nanofluid, Exp. Thermal Fluid Sci., vol. 44, pp. 520–533, 2013.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• K. B. Anoop, T. Sundararajan, and S. K. Das, Effect of Particle Size on the Convective Heat Transfer in Nanofluid in the Developing Region, Int. J. Heat Mass Transf., vol. 52, pp. 2189–2195, 2009.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• B. Farajollahi, S. G. Etemad, and M. Hojjat, Heat Transfer of Nanofluids in a Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger, Int. J. Heat Mass Transf., vol. 53, pp. 12–17, 2010.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• B. Pak and Y. I. Cho, Hydrodynamic and Heat Transfer Study of Dispersed Fluids with Submicron Metallic Oxide Particle, Exp. Heat Transf., vol. 11, pp. 151–170, 1998.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Y. Xuan and Q. Li, Investigation on Convective Heat Transfer and Flow Features of Nanofluids, J. Heat Transf., vol. 125, pp. 151–155, 2003.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• S. M. Fotukian and M. N. Esfahany, Experimental Study of Turbulent Convective Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop of Dilute CuO/Water Nanofluid Inside a Circular Tube, Int. Comm. Heat Mass Transf., vol. 37, pp. 214–219, 2010.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• S. Eiamsa-ard, C. Thianpong, and P. Eiamsa-ard, Turbulent Heat Transfer Enhancement by Counter/Co-Swirling Flow in a Tube Fitted with Twin Twisted Tapes, Exp. Thermal Fluid Sci., vol. 34, pp. 53–62, 2010.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar