25
Views
15
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Article

Antigenic Complementarity Resulting in Idiotype–Antiidiotype Immune Complexes: Possible Contributor to AIDS Pathogenesis and Autoimmunity

&
Pages 203-210 | Received 02 Sep 2003, Accepted 15 Jan 2004, Published online: 07 Jul 2009

References

  • Montagnier, L. (2002) "A history of HIV discovery", Science 298, 1727–1728.
  • Buimovici-Klein, E., Lang, M., Ong, KR., Greico, MR. and Cooper, L.Z. (1988) "Virus isolation and immune studies in a cohort of homosexual men", J. Med. Virol. 25, 371–385.
  • Sonnabend, J.A. (1989) "AIDS: an explanation for its occurrence in homosexual men", In: Ma, P. and Armstrong, D., eds, AIDS and Opportunistic Infections of Homosexual Men (Butterworth, Stoneham, MA), pp 449–460.
  • Root-Bernstein, R.S. (1990) "Non-HIV immunosuppressive factors in AIDS: A multifactorial, synergistic theory of AIDS aetiology", Res. Immunol. 141, 815–838.
  • Quinn, C., Piot, P., McCormick, J.B., et al. (1987) "Serologic and immunologic studies in patients with AIDS in North America and Africa", JAMA 257, 2617–2621.
  • Bentwich, Z., Kalinkovich, A. and Weisman, Z. (1995) "Immune activation is the dominant factor in the pathogenesis of African AIDS", Immunol. Today 16, 187–191.
  • Emery, V.C., Atkins, MC., Bowen, E.F., Clark, D.A., Johnson, MA., Kidd, LM., McLauglin, J.E., Phillips, AN., Strappe, P.M. and Griffiths, RD. (1999) "Interactions between beta-herpesviruses and human immunodeficiency virus in vivo: evidence for increased human immunodeficiency viral load in the presence of human herpesvirus 6", J. Med. Virol. 57, 278–282.
  • Grau, 0., Tuppin, P., Slizewicz, B., Launay, V., Goujard, C., Bahraoui, E., Delfraissy, J.F. and Montagnier, L. (1998) "A longitudinal study of serorecativity against Mycoplasma penetrans in HEY-infected homosexual men: association with disease progression", AIDS Res. Hum. Retrovir. 14, 661–667.
  • Sabin, CA., Phillips, AN., Lee, C.A., Janossy, G., Emery, V. and Griffiths, P.D. (1995) "The effect of CMV infection on the progression of human immunodeficiency virus disease in a cohort of haemophilic men followed for up to 13 years from seroconversion", Epidemiol. Infect. 114, 361–372.
  • Robain, M., Boufass, F., Hubert, J.B., Persoz, A., Burgard, M. and Meyer, L. (2001) "Cytomegalovirus seroconversion as a cofactor for progression to AIDS", AIDS 15, 251–256.
  • Goletti, D., Weissman, D., Jackson, R.W., Graham, N.M., Vlahov, D., Klein, R.S., et al. (1996) "Effect of Mycobacterium tuberculosis on HIV replication. Role of innnune activation", J. Immunol. 157, 1271–1278.
  • Whalen, C., Horsburg, C.R., Horn, D., Lahart, C., Simberkoff, M. and Ellner, J. (1995) "Accelerated course of human immuno-deficiency virus infection after tuberculosis", Am. J. Respir. Grit. Care Med. 151, 129–135.
  • Antipa, C., Ruta, S., Cernescu, C., Copelovici, Y, Strauss, I. and Iosipenco, M. (1995) "Immunological disorders of increasing severity in children with AIDS associated with hepatitis B and C infections", Rom. J. Virol. 46, 3–8.
  • Twu, S.J., Detels, R., Nelson, K., Visscher, BR., Kaslow, R., Palenicek, J. and Phair, J. (1993) "Relationship of hepatitis B virus infection to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection", J. Infect. Dis. 167, 299–304.
  • Root-Bernstein, R.S. and Hobbs, S.H. (1991) "Homologies between mycoplasma adhesion peptide, CD4 and class 11 MHC proteins: a possible mechanism for HIV-mycoplasma synergism in AIDS", Res. Immunol. 142, 519–523.
  • Root-Bernstein, R.S. and Hobbs, S.H. (1993) "Does HIV 'piggy-back' on CD4-like surface proteins of sperm, viruses and bacteria. Implications for co-transmission, cellular tropism and induction of autoimmunity in AIDS", J. Theor. Biol. 160, 249–264.
  • Root-Bernstein, R.S. and DeWitt, S.H. (1994) "CD4 similarity to proteins of infectious agents in AIDS and their role in autoinnnunity", Med. Hypotheses 43, 361–371.
  • Root-Bernstein, R.S. and DeWitt, S.H. (1995) "Semen alloantigens and lymphocytotoxic antibodies in AIDS and ICL", Genetica 95, 133–156.
  • Root-Bernstein, R.S. (1989) Rethinking AIDS (Free Press, New York).
  • Root-Bernstein, R.S. (1995) "Preliminary evidence for idiotype—antiidiotype immune complexes cross-reactive with lymphocyte antigens in AIDS and lupus", Med. Hypotheses 44, 20–27.
  • Stanojevic, M., Zerjav, S., Jevtovic, D.J. and Markovic, L.J. (2000) "HbsAg as the antigen component of circulating immune complexes in HIV-infected patients", Biomed. Phannacother 54, 163–167.
  • Stanojevic, M., Zerjav, S., Jevtovic, D. and Markovic, L. (1996) "Antigen/antibody content of circulating immune complexes in HIV-infected patients", Biomed. Phannacother 50, 488–493.
  • Morrow, W.J., Wharton, M., Stricker, R.B. and Levy, J.A. (1986) "Circulating immune complexes in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome contain the AIDS-associated retrovirus", Clin. Immunol. ImmunopathoL 40, 515–524.
  • Reddy, M.M. and Grieco, M.H. (1990) "Elevated levels of circulating immune complexes in human immunodeficiency virus infection", J. Clin. Lab. Anal. 4, 95–98.
  • Schleicher, G.K., Feldman, C., Vermaak, Y. and Verschoor, J.A. (2002) "Prevalence of anti-mycolic acid antibodies in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis co-infected with HIV", Clin. Chem. Lab. Med. 40, 882–887.
  • Hinkula, J., Bran, G., Giljam, G., Nordlund, S., Broliden, PA., Homberg, V., Olausson-Hansson, E., Albert, J., Sandstrom, E. and Wahren, B. (1994) "Immunological and virological interactions in patients receiving passive immunotheraphy with HIV-1 neutralizing monoclonal antibodies", J. Acquir Immune Defic. Syndr. 7, 940–951.
  • Gerencer, M., Burek, V., Crowe, BA., Barrett, NY. and Dorner, F. (1998) "The role of complement and gp120-specific antibodies in virus lysis and CD4+ T cell depletion in HIV-1 infected patients", Microb. Pathog. 25, 253–266.
  • Trial, J., Birdsall, H.H., Hallum, J.A., Crane, ML., Rodriguez-Barradas, MC., de-Jong, A.L., Krishnan, B., Lacke, C.E., Figdor, C.G. and Rossen, R.D. (1995) "Phenotypic and functional changes in peripheral blood monocytes during progression of human immunodeficiency virus infection. Effects of soluble immune complexes, cytokines, subcellular particulates from apoptotic cells, and HIV-1-encoded proteins on monocytes phagocytic function, oxidative burst, transendothelial migration, and cell surface phenotype", J. Clin. Investig. 95, 1690–1701.
  • Abrams, DJ., Kaplan, L.D., McGrath, MS. and Volberding, P.A. (1986) "AIDS-related benign lymphadenopathy and malignant lymphoma: clinical aspects and virologic interactions", AIDS Res. 2\(Suppl. 1), S131 —S140.
  • Shannon, K.M. and Anamann, A.J. (1985) "Acquired immune deficiency syndrome in childhood", J. Pediatr. 106, 332–342.
  • Franciotta, D., Zardini, E., Bono, G., Brustia, R., Minoli, L. and Cosi, V. (1996) "Antigen-specific oligoclonal IgG in AIDS-related cytomegalovirus and toxoplasma encephalitis", Acta NeuroL Scand. 94, 215–218.
  • Joshi, N., Ayesha, Q. and Habibullah, CM. (1990) "Immunological studies in HBV-related chronic liver diseases", Indian J. Pathol. Microbiol. 33, 351–354.
  • Heer, M., Joller-Jemelka, H., Fontana, A., Seefeld, U., Schmid, M. and Ammann, R. (1984) "Monoclonal gammopathy in chronic active hepatitis", Liver 4, 255–263.
  • Aoki, A., Hagiwar, E., Shirai, A., Ishigatsubo, Y, Kenji, T., Okubo, T., Yokota, S., Yoshida, H. and Matsuyama, S. (1990) "Titers and recognized molecules of IgG class anti-BCG antibody in sera from patients with tuberculosis", Nihon Kyobu Shikkan Gakkai Zasshi 28, 729–735.
  • Gritti, F.M., Raise, E., gualandi, G., Bonazzi, L., Martuzzi, M., Shiattone, ML., DiPede, B., Gallo, R., Rivano, M.T. and Taniscio, D. (1987) "A clinical-immunological evaluation of AIDS cases and related syndromes", J. Exp. Pathol. 3, 723–736.
  • Reddy, MM., Goetz, R.R., Gorman, J.M., Grieco, M.H., Chess, L. and Lederman, S. (1991) "Human immunodeficiency virus type-1 infection of homosexual men is accompanied by a decrease in circulating B cells", J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. 4, 428–434.
  • Cassani, F., Baffoni, L., Raise, E., Selleria, L., Monti, M., Bonazzi, L., Gritti, F.M. and Bianchi, F.B. (1991) "Serum non-organ specific autoantibodies in human immunodeficiency virus 1 infection", J. Clin. Pathol. 44, 64–68.
  • Kion, T.A. and Hoffmann, G.W. (1991) "Anti-HIV and anti-MHC antibodies in alloimmune and autoimmune mice", Science 353, 1138–1140.
  • Maksiutov, A.Z., Bachinskii, A.G. and Bazhan, S.I. (2002) "Searching for local similarities between HIV-1 and human proteins. Application to vaccines", MoL Biol. [Mosk] 36,447–459.
  • Bjork, R.L. (1991) "HIV-1: seven facets of functional molecular mimicry", Immunol. Lett. 29, 91–95.
  • Fujinami, R.S. and Oldstone, M.B. (1985) "Amino acid homology between the encephalitogenic site of myelin basic protein and virus: mechanism for autoimmunity", Science 230, 1043–1045.
  • Ziegler, J.L. and Stites, D.P. (1986) "Hypothesis: AIDS is an autoimmune disease directed at the immune system and triggered by a lymphotropic retrovirus", Gun. Immunol. ImmunopathoL 41, 305–313.
  • Stricker, R.B., McHugh, T.M., Moody, M.J., Morrow, W.J.M., Levy, J.A., Shuman, M.A., Stites, D.P. and Nyeman, RD. (1987) "An AIDS-related cytotoxic autoantibody reacts with a specific antigen on stimulated CD4+ cells", Nature 327, 710–713.
  • Stricker, R.B., McHugh, T.M., Marx, P.A., Morrow, W.J.M., Levy, J.A., Shuman, M.A., Stites, D.P. and Nyeman, P.D. (1987) "Prevalence of an AIDS-related autoantibody against CD4+ T-cells in humans and monkeys", Blood 70, 127A.
  • Norton, G.R., Sweeney, J., Marriott, D., Law, M.G. and Brew, B.J. (1996) "Association between HIV distal symmetric polyneuropathy and Mycobacterium avium complex infection", J. NeuroL Neuro-surg. Psychiatry 61, 606–609.
  • Root-Bernstein, R.S. (1990) "Multiple-antigen-mediated auto-immunity (MAMA) in AIDS: A possible model for postinfectious autoimmune complications", Res. Immunol. 141, 321–339.
  • Vblick, G., Scott, W.F., Crook, S.W., Buchanan, S., Garton, T., Hopkins, U., Vadaboncoeur, A.M., Doolittle, J., Bulgcraig, LA., Greiger-Zanlungo, P. and Karpas, A. (1998) "Passive immuno-therapy in advanced HIV infection and therapeutic plasmapheresis in asymptomatic HIV-positive individuals: a four-year clinical experience", Biotherapy 11, 7–14.
  • Cohen, P., Guillevin, L., Gayraud, M., Lhote, F., Jarrousse, B., Leon, A. and Gherardi, R. (1993) "Successful treatment of HIV-related vasculitis with peripheral neuropathy with short-term steroids followed by the association of zidovudine and plasma-pheresis", Transfus. Sci. 14, 383–389.
  • Sood, R., Rakkar, AS., Carmosino, L., Mir, T. and Khan, F.A. (1996) "Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura in HIV infection: a report of two cases", AIDS Patient Care STDS 10, 349–352.
  • Simpson, D.M. and Olney, R.K. (1992) "Peripheral neuropathies associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection", Neurol. Clin. 10, 685–711.
  • Levy, R.M., Bredesen, D.E. and Rosenblum, M.L. (1990) "Neurologic complications of HIV infection", Am. Fain. Physician 41, 517–536.
  • Rogna, S., Puppo, F., Stagnaro, R., Panunzio, V., Torresin, A., Pierri, I. and Indiveri, F. (1988) "Plasma exchange plus immunoglobulins for treatment of hypergammaglobulinaemic patients with AIDS and AIDS-related complex (ARC)", Cancer Detect. Prey. 12, 273–276.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.