151
Views
31
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original

Genetics of clinical expression in SLE

, &
Pages 602-612 | Received 01 Feb 2007, Accepted 27 Jun 2007, Published online: 07 Jul 2009

References

  • Hamilton RG, Harley JB, Bias WB, et al. Two Ro (SS-A) autoantibody responses in systemic lupus erythematosus. Correlation of HLA-DR/DQ specificities with quantitative expression of Ro (SS-A) autoantibody. Arthritis Rheum 1988; 31: 496–505
  • Reveille JD, Macleod MJ, Whittington K, Arnett FC. Specific amino acid residues in the second hypervariable region of HLADQA1 and DQB1 chain genes promote the Ro (SS-A)/La (SS-B) autoantibody responses. J Immunol 1991; 146: 3871–3876
  • Harley JB, Sestak AL, Willis LG, Fu SM, Hansen JA, Reichlin M. A model for disease heterogeneity in systemic lupus erythematosus. Relationships between histocompatibility antigens, autoantibodies, and lymphopenia or renal disease. Arthritis Rheum 1989; 32(7)826–836, July
  • Fujisaku A, Frank MB, Neas B, Reichlin M, Harley JB. HLA-DQ gene complementation and other histocompatibility relationships in man with the anti-Ro/SSA autoantibody response of systemic lupus erythematosus. J Clin Invest 1990; 86(2)606–611, August
  • Scofield RH, Frank MB, Neas BR, Horowitz RM, Hardgrave KL, Fujisaku A, McArthur R, Harley JB. Cooperative association of T cell beta receptor and HLA-DQ alleles in the production of anti-Ro in systemic lupus erythematosus. Clin Immunol Immunopathol 1994; 72(3)335–341, September
  • Buyon JP, Slade SG, Reveille JD, Hamel JC, Chan EK. Autoantibody responses to the “native” 52-kDa SS-A/Ro protein in neonatal lupus syndromes, systemic lupus erythematosus, and Sjogren's syndrome. J Immunol 1994; 152(7)3675–3684, April
  • Wasicek CA, Reichlin M. Clinical and serological differences between systemic lupus erythematosus patients with antibodies to Ro versus patients with antibodies to Ro and La. J Clin Invest 1982; 69: 835–843
  • Nies KM, Brown JC, Dubois EL, Quismorio FP, Friou GJ, Terasaki PI. Histocompatibility (HL-A) antigens and lymphocytotoxic antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Arthritis Rheum 1974; 17(4)397–402, July–August
  • Gibofsky A, Winchester RJ, Patarroyo M, Fotino M, Kunkel HG. Disease associations of the Ia-like human alloantigens. Contrasting patterns in rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. J Exp Med 1978; 148(6)1728–1732
  • Reinertsen JL, Klippel JH, Johnson AH, Steinberg AD, Decker JL, Mann DL. B-lymphocyte alloantigens associated with systemic lupus erythematosus. N Engl J Med 1978; 299(10)515–518, September
  • Dunckley H, Gatenby PA, Serjeantson SW. DNA typing of HLA-DR antigens in systemic lupus erythematosus. Immunogenetics 1986; 24(3)158–162
  • Hartung K, Baur MP, Coldewey R, et al. Major histocompatibility complex haplotypes and complement C4 alleles in systemic lupus erythematosus. Results of a multicenter study. J Clin Invest 1992; 90(4)1346–1351, October
  • Ahearn JM, Provost TT, Dorsch CA, Stevens MB, Bias WB, Arnett FC. Interrelationships of HLA-DR, MB, and MT phenotypes, autoantibody expression, and clinical features in systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 1982; 25(9)1031–1040
  • Bell DA, Maddison PJ. Serologic subsets in systemic lupus erythematosus: An examination of autoantibodies in relationship to clinical features of disease and HLA antigens. Arthritis Rheum 1980; 23(11)1268–1273, November
  • Galeazzi M, Sebastiani GD, Tincani A, et al. HLA class II alleles associations of anticardiolipin and anti-beta2GPI antibodies in a large series of European patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2000; 9(1)47–55
  • Smolen JS, Klippel JH, Penner E, et al. HLA-DR antigens in systemic lupus erythematosus: Association with specificity of autoantibody responses to nuclear antigens. Ann Rheum Dis 1987; 46(6)457–462, June
  • Kuwana M, Okano Y, Kaburaki J, Tsuji K, Inoko H. Major histocompatibility complex class II gene associations with anti-U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein antibody. Relationship to immunoreactivity with individual constituent proteins. Arthritis Rheum 1995; 38(3)396–405
  • Kaneoka H, Hsu KC, Takeda Y, Sharp GC, Hoffman RW. Molecular genetic analysis of HLA-DR and HLA-DQ genes among anti-U1-70-kd autoantibody positive connective tissue disease patients. Arthritis Rheum 1992; 35(1)83–94, January
  • Olsen ML, Arnett FC, Reveille JD. Contrasting molecular patterns of MHC class II alleles associated with the anti-Sm and anti-RNP precipitin autoantibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 1993; 36(1)94–104, January
  • Reveille JD, Moulds JM, Arnett FC. Major histocompatibility complex class II and C4 alleles in Mexican Americans with systemic lupus erythematosus. Tissue Antigens 1995; 45(2)91–97, February
  • Griffing WL, Moore SB, Luthra HS, McKenna CH, Fathman CG. Associations of antibodies to native DNA with HLA-DRw3. A possible major histocompatibility complex-linked human immune response gene. J Exp Med 1980; 2((2 Pt 2))319s–325s, August 1
  • Alvarellos A, Ahearn JM, Provost TT, et al. Relationships of HLA-DR and MT antigens to autoantibody expression in systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 1983; 26(12)1533–1535, December
  • Schur PH, Meyer I, Garovoy M, Carpenter CB. Associations between systemic lupus erythematosus and the major histocompatibility complex: Clinical and immunological considerations. Clin Immunol Immunopathol 1982; 24(2)263–275, August
  • Scofield RH, Asfa S, Obeso D, Jonsson R, Kurien BT. Immunization with short peptides from the 60-kDa Ro antigen recapitulates the serological and pathological findings as well as the salivary gland dysfunction of Sjogren's syndrome. J Immunol 2005; 175(12)8409–8414, December 15
  • Greidinger EL, Zang Y, Jaimes K, et al. A murine model of mixed connective tissue disease induced with U1 small nuclear RNP autoantigen. Arthritis Rheum 2006; 54(2)661–669, February
  • Furukawa F, Kashihara-Sawami M, Lyons MB, Norris DA. Binding of antibodies to the extractable nuclear antigens SS-A/Ro and SS-B/La is induced on the surface of human keratinocytes by ultraviolet light (UVL): Implications for the pathogenesis of photosensitive cutaneous lupus. J Invest Dermatol 1990; 94(1)77–85, January
  • Dorner T, Hucko M, Mayet WJ, Trefzer U, Burmester GR, Hiepe F. Enhanced membrane expression of the 52 kDa Ro(SS-A) and La(SS-B) antigens by human keratinocytes induced by TNF α. Ann Rheum Dis 1995; 54(11)904–909, November
  • Rood MJ, van Krugten MV, Zanelli E, et al. TNF-308A and HLA-DR3 alleles contribute independently to susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 2000; 43(1)129–134, January
  • Sullivan KE, Wooten C, Schmeckpeper BJ, Goldman D, Petri MA. A promoter polymorphism of tumor necrosis factor α associated with systemic lupus erythematosus in African–Americans. Arthritis Rheum 1997; 40(12)2207–2211, December
  • Wilson AG, de Vries N, Pociot F, di Giovine FS, van der Putte LB, Duff GW. An allelic polymorphism within the human tumor necrosis factor α promoter region is strongly associated with HLA A1, B8, and DR3 alleles. J Exp Med 1993; 177(2)557–560, February 1
  • Gottenberg JE, Busson M, Loiseau P, et al. Association of transforming growth factor beta1 and tumor necrosis factor α polymorphisms with anti-SSB/La antibody secretion in patients with primary Sjogren's syndrome. Arthritis Rheum 2004; 50(2)570–580, February
  • Jacob CO, Fronek Z, Lewis GD, Koo M, Hansen JA, McDevitt HO. Heritable major histocompatibility complex class II-associated differences in production of tumor necrosis factor α: Relevance to genetic predisposition to systemic lupus erythematosus. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1990; 87(3)1233–1237, February
  • Takemura T, Yoshioka K, Murakami K, et al. Cellular localization of inflammatory cytokines in human glomerulonephritis. Virchows Arch 1994; 424: 459–464
  • Sun KH, Yu CL, Tang SJ, Sun GH. Monoclonal anti-double-stranded DNA autoantibody stimulates the expression and release of IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and TNF-α from normal human mononuclear cells involving in the lupus pathogenesis. Immunology 2000; 99: 352–360
  • Yu CL, Sun KH, Tsai CY, Hsieh SC, Yu HS. Anti-dsDNA antibody up-regulates interleukin 6, but not cyclo-oxygenase, gene expression in glomerular mesangial cells: A marker of immune-mediated renal damage?. Inflamm Res 2001; 50(1)12–18, January
  • Liang B, Gardner DB, Griswold DE, Bugelski PJ, Song XY. Anti-interleukin-6 monoclonal antibody inhibits autoimmune responses in a murine model of systemic lupus erythematosus. Immunology 2006; 119(3)296–305, November
  • Uhm WS, Na K, Song GW, et al. Cytokine balance in kidney tissue from lupus nephritis patients. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2003; 42(8)935–938, August
  • Ruger BM, Hasan Q, Erb KJ, Davis PF. Progression of renal disease in interleukin-4 transgenic mice: Involvement of transforming growth factor-β. Int J Exp Pathol 1999; 80(3)113–123, June
  • Okamura H, Tsutsi H, Komatsu T, et al. Cloning of a new cytokine that induces IFN-gamma production by T cells. Nature 1995; 378(6552)88–91, Nov 2
  • Faust J, Menke J, Kriegsmann J, et al. Correlation of renal tubular epithelial cell-derived interleukin-18 up-regulation with disease activity in MRL-Faslpr mice with autoimmune lupus nephritis. Arthritis Rheum 2002; 46(11)3083–3095, November
  • Yellin MJ, D'Agati V, Parkinson G, et al. immunohistologic analysis of renal CD40 and CD40L expression in lupus nephritis and other glomerulonephritides. Arthritis Rheum 1997; 40(1)124–134, January
  • D'Alfonso S, Rampi M, Bocchio D, Colombo G, Scorza-Smeraldi R, Momigliano-Richardi P. Systemic lupus erythematosus candidate genes in the Italian population: Evidence for a significant association with interleukin-10. Arthritis Rheum 2000; 43(1)120–128, January
  • Eskdale J, Wordsworth P, Bowman S, Field M, Gallagher G. Association between polymorphisms at the human IL-10 locus and systemic lupus erythematosus. Tissue Antigens 1997; 49(6)635–639, June
  • Mehrian R, Quismorio FP, Jr., Strassmann G, et al. Synergistic effect between IL-10 and bcl-2 genotypes in determining susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 1998; 41(4)596–602, April
  • Lazarus M, Hajeer AH, Turner D, et al. Genetic variation in the interleukin 10 gene promoter and systemic lupus erythematosus. J Rheumatol 1997; 24(12)2314–2317, December
  • Mok CC, Lanchbury JS, Chan DW, Lau CS. Interleukin-10 promoter polymorphisms in Southern Chinese patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 1998; 41(6)1090–1095, June
  • Llorente L, Richaud-Patin Y, Couderc J, et al. Dysregulation of interleukin-10 production in relatives of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 1997; 40(8)1429–1435, August
  • Grondal G, Kristjansdottir H, Gunnlaugsdottir B, et al. Increased number of interleukin-10-producing cells in systemic lupus erythematosus patients and their first-degree relatives and spouses in Icelandic multicase families. Arthritis Rheum 1999; 42(8)1649–1654, August
  • Eskdale J, Gallagher G, Verweij CL, Keijsers V, Westendorp RG, Huizinga TW. Interleukin 10 secretion in relation to human IL-10 locus haplotypes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1998; 95(16)9465–9470, August 4
  • Hooks J, Moutsopoulos H, Geis S, Stahl N, Decker J, Notkins A:. Immune interferon in the circulation of patients with autoimmune disease. N Engl J Med 1979; 301: 5–8
  • Preble OT, Black RJ, Friedman RM, Klippel JH, Vilcek J. Systemic lupus erythematosus: Presence in human serum of an unusual acid-labile leukocyte interferon. Science 1982; 216(4544)429–431, April 23
  • Bengtsson AA, Sturfelt G, Truedsson L, et al. Activation of type I interferon system in systemic lupus erythematosus correlates with disease activity but not with antiretroviral antibodies. Lupus 2000; 9(9)664–671
  • Colonna M, Krug A, Cella M. Interferon-producing cells: On the front line in immune responses against pathogens. Curr Opin Immunol 2002; 14: 373–379
  • Baechler EC, Batliwalla FM, Karypis G, et al. Interferon-inducible gene expression signature in peripheral blood cells of patients with severe lupus. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2003; 100: 2610–2615
  • Bennett L, Palucka AK, Arce E, et al. Interferon and granulopoiesis signatures in systemic lupus erythematosus blood. J Exp Med 2003; 197: 711–723
  • Han GM, Chen SL, Shen N, Ye S, Bao CD, Gu YY. Analysis of gene expression profiles in human systemic lupus erythematosus using oligonucleotide microarray. Genes Immun 2003; 4: 177–186
  • Alcorta D, Preston G, Munger W, et al. Microarray studies of gene expression in circulating leukocytes in kidney diseases. Exp Nephrol 2002; 10: 139–149
  • Crow MK. Interferon-α: A new target for therapy in systemic lupus erythematosus?. Arthritis Rheum 2003; 48: 2396–2401
  • Cella M, Jarrossay D, Facchetti F, et al. Plasmacytoid monocytes migrate to inflamed lymph nodes and produce large amounts of type I interferon. Nat Med 1999; 5(8)919–923, August
  • Cederblad B, Blomberg S, Vallin H, Perers A, Alm GV, Ronnblom L. Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus have reduced numbers of circulating natural interferon-α-producing cells. J Autoimmun 1998; 11(5)465–470, October
  • Blanco P, Palucka AK, Gill M, Pascual V, Banchereau J. Induction of dendritic cell differentiation by IFN-α in systemic lupus erythematosus. Science 2001; 294: 1540–1543
  • Farkas L, Beiske K, Lund-Johansen F, Brandtzaeg P, Jahnsen FL. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (natural interferon-α/beta-producing cells) accumulate in cutaneous lupus erythematosus lesions. Am J Pathol 2001; 159(1)237–243, July
  • Brassard DL, Grace MJ, Bordens RW. Interferon-α as an immunotherapeutic protein. J Leukoc Biol 2002; 71: 565–581
  • Biron CA. Interferons α and β as immune regulators-a new look. Immunity 2001; 14: 661–664
  • Palucka AK, Blanck JP, Bennett L, Pascual V, Banchereau J. Cross-regulation of TNF and IFN-α in autoimmune diseases. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2005; 102(9)3372–3377
  • Kadowaki N, Antonenko S, Lau JY, Liu YJ. Natural interferon alpha/beta-producing cells link innate and adaptive immunity. J Exp Med 2000; 192: 219–226
  • Banchereau J, Pascual V, Palucka AK. Autoimmunity through cytokine induced dendritic cell activation. Immunity 2004; 20: 539–550
  • Sigurdsson S, Nordmark G, Goring HH, et al. Polymorphisms in the tyrosine kinase 2 and interferon regulatory factor 5 genes are associated with systemic lupus erythematosus. Am J Hum Genet 2005; 76(3)528–537, March
  • Namjou B, Nath SK, Kilpatrick J, et al. Genome scan stratified by the presence of anti-double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) autoantibody in pedigrees multiplex for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) establishes linkages at 19p13.2 (SLED1) and 18q21.1 (SLED2). Genes Immun 2002; 3(1)S35–S41
  • Barnes BJ, Kellum MJ, Pinder KE, Frisancho JA, Pitha PM. Interferon regulatory factor 5, a novel mediator of cell cycle arrest and cell death. Cancer Res 2003; 63: 6424–6431
  • Rozzo SJ, Allard JD, Choubey D, et al. Evidence for an interferon-inducible gene, Ifi202, in the susceptibility to systemic lupus. Immunity 2001; 15: 435–443
  • Seelig HP, Ehrfeld H, Renz M. Interferon-gamma–inducible protein p16: A new target of antinuclear antibodies in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 1994; 37: 1672–1683
  • Mondini M, Vidali M, Andrea MD, et al. A novel autoantigen to differentiate limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis from diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis: The interferon-inducible gene IFI16. Arthritis Rheum 2006; 54(12)3939–3944, December
  • Santiago-Raber ML, Baccala R, Haraldsson KM, et al. Type-I interferon receptor deficiency reduces lupus-like disease in NZB mice. J Exp Med 2003; 197: 777–788
  • Li J, Liu Y, Xie C. Deficiency of type I interferon contributes to Sle2-associated component lupus phenotypes. Arthritis Rheum 2005; 52(10)3063–3072, October
  • Wandstrat AE, Nguyen C, Limaye N, et al. Association of extensive polymorphisms in the SLAM/CD2 gene cluster with murine lupus. Immunity 2004; 21: 769–780
  • Atencio S, Amano H, Izui S, Kotzin BL. Separation of the New Zealand Black genetic contribution to lupus from New Zealand Black determined expansions of marginal zone B and B1a cells. J Immunol 2004; 172: 4159–4166
  • Waters ST, McDuffie M, Bagavant H, et al. Breaking tolerance to double stranded DNA, nucleosome, and other nuclear antigens is not required for the pathogenesis of lupus glomerulonephritis. J Exp Med 2004; 199: 255–264
  • Zhu J, Liu X, Xie C, et al. T cell hyperactivity in lupus as a consequence of hyperstimulatory antigen-presenting cells. J Clin Invest 2005; 115: 1869–1878
  • Subramanian S, Yim YS, Liu K, Tus K, Zhou XJ, Wakeland EK. Epistatic suppression of systemic lupus erythematosus: Fine mapping of Sles1 to less than 1 mb. J Immunol 2005; 175: 1062–1072
  • Wandstrat AE, Nguyen C, Limaye N, et al. Association of extensive polymorphisms in the SLAM/CD2 gene cluster with murine lupus. Immunity 2004; 21: 769–780
  • Kumar KR, Li L, Yan M, et al. Regulation of B cell tolerance by the lupus susceptibility gene Ly108. Science 2006; 312: 1665–1669
  • Pisitkun P, Deane JA, Difilippantonio MJ, Tarasenko T, Satterthwaite AB, Bolland S, Autoreactive B. Cell responses to RNA-Related Antigens Due to TLR7 gene duplication. Science 2006; 312(5780)1669–1672
  • Subramanian S, Tus K, Li QZ, et al. A Tlr7 translocation accelerates systemic autoimmunity in murine lupus. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2006; 103: 9970–9975
  • Hudgins CC, Steinberg RT, Klinman DM, Reeves MJ, Steinberg AD. Studies of consomic mice bearing the Y chromosome of the BXSB mouse. J Immunol 1985; 134: 3849–3854
  • Izui S, Higaki M, Morrow D, Merino R. The Y chromosome from autoimmune BXSB/MpJ mice induces a lupus-like syndrome in (NZW x C57BL/6)F1 male mice, but not in C57BL/6 male mice. Eur J Immunol 1988; 18: 911–915
  • Kono DH, Theofilopoulos AN. Genetics of autoantibody production in mouse models of lupus. Autoantibodies and autoimmunity, KM Pollard. Wiley, Weinheim 2006; 543–562
  • Moser KL, Neas BR, Salmon JE, et al. Genome scan of human systemic lupus erythematosus: Evidence for linkage on chromosome 1q in African-American pedigrees. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1998; 95: 14869–14874
  • Cantor RM, Yuan J, Napier S, et al. Systemic lupus erythematosus genome scan: Support at 1q23, 2q33, 16q12 and 17q21 and novel evidence at 3p24, 10q23, 13q32 and 18q23. Arthritis Rheum 2004; 50(10)3203–3210
  • Shai R, Quismorio FP, Jr, Li L, et al. Genome-wide screen for systemic lupus erythematosus susceptibility genes in multiplex families. Hum Mol Genet 1999; 8: 639–644
  • Tsao BP, Cantor RM, Grossman JM, Kim SK, Strong N, Lau CS, et al. Linkage and interaction of loci on 1q23 and 16q12 may contribute to susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 2002; 46(11)2928–2936, November
  • Karassa FB, Trikalinos TA, Ioannidis JP. Fc gamma RIIIA-SLE meta-analysis investigators. The Fc gamma RIIIA-F158 allele is a risk factor for the development of lupus nephritis: A meta-analysis. Kidney Int 2003; 63: 1475–1482
  • Johanneson B, Lima G, Von Salome J, et al. A major susceptibility locus for systemic lupus erythematosus maps to chromosome 1q31. Am J Hum Genet 2002; 71: 1060–1071
  • Moser KL, Gray-McGuire C, Kelly J, et al. Confirmation of genetic linkage between human systemic lupus erythematosus and chromosome 1q41. Arthritis Rheum 1999; 42: 1902–1907
  • Graham RR, Langefeld CD, Gaffney PM, et al. Genetic linkage and transmission disequilibrium of marker haplotypes at chromosome 1q41 in human systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Res 2001; 3: 299–305
  • Gaffney PM, Kearns GM, Shark KB, et al. A genome-wide search for susceptibility genes in human systemic lupus erythematosus sib-pair families. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1998; 95: 14875–14879
  • Tsao BP, Cantor RM, Kalunian KC, Chen CJ, Badsha H, Singh R, Wallace DJ, Kitridoou RC, Chen S, Shen N, et al. Evidence for linkage of a candidate chromosome 1 region to human systemic lupus erythematosus. J Clin Invest 1997; 99(4)725–731, February 15
  • Magnusson V, Lindqvist AK, Castillejo-Lopez C, et al. Fine mapping of the SLEB2 locus involved in susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus. Genomics 2000; 70: 307–314
  • Gray-McGuire C, Moser KL, Gaffney PM, et al. Genome scan of human systemic lupus erythematosus by regression modeling: Evidence of linkage and epistasis at 4p16-15.2. Am J Hum Genet 2000; 67: 1460–1469
  • Gaffney PM, Ortmann WA, Selby SA, et al. Genome screening in human systemic lupus erythematosus: Results from a second Minnesota cohort and combined analyses of 187 sib-pair families. Am J Hum Genet 2000; 66: 547–556
  • Nath SK, Quintero–Del–Rio AI, Kilpatrick J, et al. Linkage at 12q24 with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is established and confirmed in Hispanic and European American families. Am J Hum Genet 2004; 74: 73–82
  • Nath SK, Namjou B, Hutchings D, Garriott CP, Pongratz C, Guthridge J, James JA. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and chromosome 16: Confirmation of linkage to 16q12-13 and evidence for genetic heterogeneity. Eur J Hum Genet 2004; 12(8)668–672, August
  • Nath SK, Kelly JA, Reid J, et al. SLEB3 in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is strongly related to SLE families ascertained through neuropsychiatric manifestations. Hum Genet 2002; 111: 54–58
  • Namjou B, Nath SK, Kilpatrick J, et al. Stratification of pedigrees multiplex for systemic lupus erythematosus and for self-reported rheumatoid arthritis detects a systemic lupus erythematosus susceptibility gene (SLER1) at 5p15.3. Arthritis Rheum 2002; 46: 2937–2945
  • Nath SK, Namjou B, Garriott CP, et al. Linkage analysis of SLE susceptibility: Confirmation of SLER1 at 5p15.3. Genes Immun 2004; 5: 209–214
  • Kelly JA, Thompson K, Kilpatrick J, et al. Evidence for a susceptibility gene (SLEH1) on chromosome 11q14 for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) families with hemolytic anemia. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2002; 99: 11766–11771
  • Sawalha AH, Namjou B, Nath SK, et al. Genetic linkage of systemic lupus erythematosus with chromosome 11q14 (SLEH1) in African–American families stratified by a nucleolar antinuclear antibody pattern. Genes Immun 2002; 3(1)S31–S34
  • Quintero–Del–Rio AI, Kelly JA, Kilpatrick J, et al. The genetics of systemic lupus erythematosus stratified by renal disease: Linkage at 10q22.3 (SLEN1), 2q34-35 (SLEN2), and 11p15.6 (SLEN3). Genes Immun 2002; 3(1)S57–S62
  • Quintero–del–Rio AI, Kelly JA, Garriott CP, Hutchings DC, Frank SG, Aston CE, Harley JB. SLEN2 (2q34-35) and SLEN1 (10q22.3) replication in systemic lupus erythematosus stratified by nephritis. Am J Hum Genet 2004; 75(2)346–348
  • Namjou B, Kelly JA, Kilpatrick J, Nath SK, Scofield RH, Harley JB. Linkage at 5q14.3-15 in pedigrees multiplex for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) stratified by autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD). Arthritis Rheum 2005; 52(11)3646–3650
  • Nath SK, Kelly JA, Namjou B, et al. Evidence for a susceptibility gene, SLEV1, on chromosome 17p13 in families with vitiligo-related systemic lupus erythematosus. Am J Hum Genet 2001; 69: 1401–1406
  • Spritz RA, Gowan K, Bennett DC, Fain PR. Novel vitiligo susceptibility loci on chromosomes 7 (AIS2) and 8 (AIS3), confirmation of SLEV1 on chromosome 17, and their roles in an autoimmune diathesis. Am J Hum Genet 2004; 74(1)188–191
  • Scofield RH, Bruner GR, Kelly JA, et al. Thrombocytopenia identifies a severe familial phenotype of systemic lupus erythematosus and reveals genetic linkages at 1q22 and 11p13. Blood 2003; 101: 992–997
  • Nath SK, Namjou B, Kilpatrick J, et al. A candidate region on 11p13 for systemic lupus erythematosus: A linkage identified in African–American families. J Investig Dermatol Symp Proc 2004; 9: 64–67

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.