761
Views
26
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Coastal Livelihood Diversification as a Pathway Out of Poverty and Vulnerability: Experiences from Tanzania

, , &

References

  • Adato, M., M. Carter, and J. May. 2006. Exploring poverty traps and social exclusion in South Africa using qualitative and quantitative data. Journal of Development Studies 42:226–247.
  • Allison, E., and F. Ellis. 2001. The livelihoods approach and management of small-scale fisheries. Marine Policy 25 (5):377–388.
  • Ashley, C., D. Roe, and H. Goodwin. 2001. Pro-poor tourism strategies: Making tourism work for the poor. Pro-Poor Tourism Briefing No. 1. London, UK: Overseas Development Institute, the International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED) and the Centre for Responsible Tourism (CRT).
  • Barrett, C., M. Bezuneh, and A. Aboud. 2001. Income diversification, poverty traps and policy shocks in Cote d'Ivoire and Kenya. Food Policy 26:367–384.
  • Barrett, C., P. Marenya, J. Mcpeak, B. Minten, F. Murithi, W. Oluoch-Kosura, F. Place, J. Randrianarisoa, J. Rasambainarivo, and J. Wangila. 2006. Welfare dynamics in rural Kenya and Madagascar. Journal of Development Studies 42:248–277.
  • Bavinck, M., R. Pollnac, I. Monnerau, P. Failler. 2012. Introduction to the special issue on job satisfaction in fisheries in the global South. Social Indicators Research 109:1–10.
  • Block, S., and P. Webb. 2001. The dynamics of livelihood diversification in post-famine Ethiopia. Food Policy 26:333–350.
  • Bloom, D., D. Canning, and J. Sevilla. 2003. Geography and poverty traps. Journal of Economic Growth 8:355–378.
  • Cabral, R., and P. Aliño. 2011. Transition from common to private coasts: Consequences of privatization of the coastal commons. Ocean and Coastal Management Journal 54 (1):66–74.
  • Carter, C., and C. Garaway. 2014. Shifting tides, complex lives: The dynamics of fishing and tourism livelihoods on the Kenyan coast. Society and Natural Resources 26:573–587.
  • Christie, P., K. Lowry, A. T. White, E. G. Oracion, L. Sievanen, R. S. Pomeroy, R. B. Pollnac, J. M. Patlis, and R.-L.V. Eisma. 2005. Key findings from a multidisciplinary examination of integrated coastal management process sustainability. Ocean and Coastal Management 48 (3–6):468–483.
  • Cinner, J. 2014. Coral reef livelihoods. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability 7:65–71.
  • Cinner, J., and O. Bodin. 2010. Livelihood diversification in tropical coastal communities: A network-based approach to analyzing ‘Livelihood Landscapes’. PLoS ONE 5 (8):e11999. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0011999.
  • Cinner, J., T. Daw, and T. McClanahan. 2009. Socioeconomic factors that affect artisanal fishers' readiness to exit a declining fishery. Conservation Biology 23:124–130.
  • Cinner, J., C. Folke, T. Daw, and C. Hicks. 2011. Responding to change: Using scenarios to understand how socioeconomic factors may influence amplifying or dampening exploitation feedbacks among Tanzania fishers. Global Environmental Change 21:7–12.
  • Cohen, J. 1988. Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences 2nd ed. New York, NY: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers.
  • Dasgupta, P. 1997. Nutritional status, the capacity for work, and poverty traps. Journal of Econometrics 77:5–37.
  • Daw, T., J. Cinner, T. McClanahan, K. Brown, S. Stead, N. Graham, and J. Maina. 2012. To fish or not to fish: Factors at multiple scales affecting artisanal fishers' readiness to exit a declining fishery. PLoS ONE 7 (2):e31460. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0031460.
  • de Waroux, Y., and J. Chiche. 2013. Market integration, livelihood transitions and environmental change in areas of low agricultural productivity: A case study from Morocco. Human Ecology 52:85–98.
  • Ellis, F. 1999. Rural livelihood diversity in developing countries: Evidence and policy implications. Natural Resource Perspectives 40:1–10.
  • Ellis, F. 2000. Rural livelihoods and diversity in developing countries. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Ellis, F. 2000. The determinants of rural livelihood diversification in developing countries. Journal of Agricultural Economics 51 (2):289–302.
  • Fabinyi, M. 2010. The intensification of fishing and the rise of tourism: competing coastal livelihoods in the Calamianes Islands, Philippines. Human Ecology 38:415–427.
  • Ferrol-Schulte, D., M. Wolff, S. Ferse, and M. Glaser. 2013. Sustainable livelihoods approach in tropical coastal and marine social-ecological systems: A review. Marine Policy 42:253–258.
  • Hill, N., M. Rowcliffe, H. Koldewey, and E. Milner-Gulland. 2012. The interaction between seaweed farming as an alternative occupation and fisher numbers in the central Philippines. Conservation Biology 26:324–334.
  • Hoorweg, J., V. Versleijen, B. Wangila, and A. Degen. 2008. Income diversification and fishing practices among artisanal fishers. In Advances in coastal ecology: People, processes and ecosystems in Kenya, ed. J. Hoorweg and N. Muthiga, 43–59. The Netherlands: Leiden African Studies Centre.
  • Joshi, P., A. Gulati, P. Birthal, and L. Twari. 2003. Agricultural diversification in South Asia: Patterns, determinants and policy implications. Discussion Paper No. 57. Washington D.C, United States: International Food Policy Research Institute (Markets and Structural Studies Division).
  • Kellert, S., J. Mehta, S. Ebbin, and L. Lichtenfeld. 2000. Community natural resource management: Promise, rhetoric, and reality. Society and Natural Resources 13:705–715.
  • Kiss, A. 2004. Is community-based ecotourism a good use of biodiversity conservation funds?. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 19 (5):232–7.
  • Knudsen, M. 2007. Making a living in the cocoa frontier, Western Ghana: Diversifying incomes in a cocoa economy. Danish Journal of Geography 107 (2):29–44.
  • Mansuri, G., and V. Rao. 2004. Community-based and driven development: A critical review. The World Bank Research Observer 19 (1):1–39.
  • Martin, S., K. Lorenzen, and N. Bunnefeld. 2013. Fishing farmers: Fishing, livelihood diversification and poverty in rural laos. Human Ecology 41:737–747.
  • Matiya, G., Y. Wakabayashi, D. Ng'ong'ola, and N. Takenouchi. 2005. A logit analysis of socio-economic factors influencing people to become fisherman around Lake Malombe in Malawi. Journal of Applied Sciences Research 1:18–23.
  • Meert, H., G. Van Huylenbroeck, T. Vernimmen, M. Bourgeois, and E. Van Hecke. 2005. Farm households survival strategies and diversification on marginal farms. Journal of Rural Studies 21 (1):81–97.
  • Minot, N., M. Epprecht, T. Anh, and L. Trung. 2006. Income diversification and poverty in northern uplands of Vietnam. Research Report 145. Washington D.C, USA: International Food Policy Research Institute.
  • Muallil, R. N., R. C. Geronimo, D. Cleland, R. B. Cabral, M. V. Doctor, A. Cruz-Trinidad, and P. M. Alino. 2011. Willingness to exit the artisanal fishery as a response to scenarios of declining catch or increasing monetary incentives. Fisheries Research 111:74–81.
  • Muallil, R., D. Cleland, and P. Aliño. 2013. Socioeconomic factors associated with fishing pressure in small-scale fisheries along the West Philippine Sea biogeographic region. Ocean and Coastal Management 82:27–33.
  • Mwaipopo, R. 2008. The social dimensions of marine protected areas: A case study of the Mafia Island Marine Park in Tanzania. Chennai, India: Samudra Monograph International Collective in Support of Fishworkers. International Collective in Support of Fishworkers, www.icsf.net. Chennai, India.
  • Nielsen, O., S. Rayamajhi, P. Uberhuaga, H. Meilby, C. Smith-Hall. 2013. Quantifying rural livelihood strategies in developing countries using an activity choice approach. Agricultural Economics 44:57–71.
  • Olale, E., and S. Henson. 2012. Determinants of income diversification among fishing communities in Western Kenya. Fisheries Research 125–126:235–242.
  • Olale, E., and S. Henson. 2013. The impact of income diversification among fishing communities in Western Kenya. Food Policy 43:90–99.
  • Pan, L., and L. Christiaensen. 2012. Who is vouching for the input voucher: Decentralized targeting and elite capture in Tanzania. Paper presented at the International Association of Agricultural Economists (IAAE) Triennial Conference, August 18–24, Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil.
  • Park, A., and S. Wang. 2010. Community-based development and poverty alleviation: An evaluation of China's poor village investment program. Journal of Public Economics 94:790–9.
  • Perret, S. R., and Yuerlita. 2014. Adapting to declining fish resources: the differentiation of livelihood systems and fishing strategies in Singkarak Lake's fishing community, West Sumatra. Regional Environmental Change 14 (3):1203–1214.
  • Peterson, A., and S. Stead. 2011. Rule breaking and livelihood options in marine protected areas. Environmental Conservation 38 (3):342–352.
  • Phung Ha, T. T, and H. van Dijk. 2013. Fishery livelihoods and (non-)compliance with fishery regulations—A case study in Ca Mau Province, Mekong Delta, Viet Nam. Marine Policy 38:417–427.
  • Pollnac, R., B. R. Crawford, and M. L. G. Gorospe. 2001. Discovering factors that influence the success of community-based marine protected areas in the Visayas, Philippines. Ocean and Coastal Management 44 (11–12):683–710.
  • Pomeroy, R., E. Oracion, R. Pollnac, and D. Caballes. 2005. Perceived economic factors influencing the sustainability of integrated coastal management projects in the Philippines. Ocean and Coastal Management 48:360–377.
  • Reardon, T., C. Delgado, and P. Matlon. 1992. Determinants and effects of income diversification amongst farm households in Burkina Faso. Journal of Development Studies 28:264–296.
  • Salafsky, N., H. Cauley, G. Balachander, B. Cordes, J. Parks, C. Margoluis, S. Bhatt, C. Encarnacion, D. Russell, and R. Margoluis. 2001. A systematic test of an enterprise strategy for community based biodiversity conservation. Conservation Biology 15 (6):1585–1595.
  • Scheyvens, R. 1999. Ecotourism and the empowerment of local communities. Tourism Management 20 (2):245–9.
  • Sievanen, L., B. Crawford, R. B. Pollnac, and C. Lowe. 2005. Weeding through assumptions of livelihood approaches in ICM: Seaweed farming in the Philippines and Indonesia. Ocean and Coastal Management 48 (3-6):287–313.
  • Slater, M., F. Napigkit, and S. Stead. 2013. Resource perception, livelihood choices and fishery exit in a coastal resource management area. Ocean and Coastal Management 71:326–333.
  • Soltani, A., A. Angelsen, T. Eid, M. Naieni, and T. Shamekhi. 2012. Poverty, sustainability, and household livelihood strategies in Zagros, Iran. Ecological Economics 79:60–70.
  • Tobey, J., and E. Torell. 2006. Coastal poverty and MPA management in mainland Tanzania and Zanzibar. Ocean and Coastal Management 49 (11):834–854.
  • Torell, E., B. Crawford, D. Kotowicz, M. D. Herrera, and J. Tobey. 2010. Moderating our expectations on livelihoods in ICM: Experiences from Thailand, Nicaragua and Tanzania. Coastal Management 38 (3):216–237.
  • Torell, E., C. A. Redding, C. Blaney, E. Hernandez, O. Sison, J. Dyugela, and D. D. Robadue. 2012. Population, health, and environment situational analysis for the Saadani National Park Area, Tanzania. Ocean and Coastal Management Journal 66:1–11.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.