330
Views
5
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Effects of PCBs 52 and 77 on Th1/Th2 Balance in Mouse Thymocyte Cell Cultures

, , , &
Pages 601-613 | Published online: 08 Oct 2008

REFERENCES

  • Mosmann T.R., Sad S. The expanding universe of T cell subsets-Th1, Th2 and more. Immunol. Today. 1996; 17: 138–146, [CSA]
  • Sekimoto M., Tsuji T., Matsuzaki J., Chamoto K., Koda T., Nemoto K., Degawa M., Nishimura S., Nishimura T. Functional expression of the TrkC gene, encoding a high affinity receptor for NT-3, in antigen-specific T helper type 2 (Th2) cells. Immunol. Lett. 2003; 88: 221–226, [CSA], [CROSSREF]
  • Nishimura T., Ohta A. A critical role for antigen-specific Th1 cells in acute liver injury in mice. J. Immunol. 1999; 162: 6503–6509, [CSA]
  • Apostoli P., Mangili A., Carasi S., Manno M. Relationship between PCBs in blood and D-glucaric acid in urine. Toxicol. Lett. 2003; 144: 17–26, [CSA], [CROSSREF]
  • Carpenter D.O. Polychlorinated biphenyls and human health. Int. J. Occup. Med. Environ. Health. 1998; 11: 291–303, [CSA]
  • De Vos S., Maervoet J., Schepens P., De Schrijver R. Polychlorinated biphenyls in broiler diets: their digestibility and incorporation in body tissues. Chemosphere 2003; 51: 7–11, [CSA], [CROSSREF]
  • Finley B.L., Trowbridge K.R., Burton S., Proctor D.M., Panko J.M., Paustenbach D.J. Preliminary assessment of PCB risks to human and ecological health in the lower Passaic River. Toxicol. Environ. Health. 1997; 52: 95–118, [CSA], [CROSSREF]
  • van Larebeke N., Hens L., Schepens P., Covaci A., Baeyens J., Everaert K., Bernheim J.L., Vlietinck R., De Poorter G. The Belgian PCB and dioxin incident of January-June 1999: exposure data and potential impact on health. Environ. Health Perspect. 2001; 109: 265–273, [CSA]
  • Shin K.J., Bae S.S., Hwang Y.A., Seo J.K., Ryu S.H., Suh P.G. 2,2′,4,6,6′-Pentachlorobiphenyl induces apoptosis in human monocytic cells. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 2000; 169: 1–7, [CSA], [CROSSREF]
  • Silkworth J.B., Antrim L., Kaminsky L.S. Correlations between polychlorinated biphenyl immunotoxicity, the aromatic hydrocarbon locus, and liver microsomal enzyme induction in C57BL/6 and DBA/2 mice. Toxicol. Appl. Pharm. 1984; 75: 156–165, [CSA], [CROSSREF]
  • Cogliano V.C. Assessing the cancer risk from environmental PCBs. Environ. Health Persp. 1998; 106: 317–323, [CSA]
  • Chen Y.C., Yu M.L., Rogan W.J., Gladen B.C., Hsu C.C. A 6-year follow-up of behavior and activity disorders in Taiwan Yu-Cheng children. Am. J. Pub. Health. 1994; 84: 415–422, [CSA]
  • Rogan W.J., Gladen B.C. Neurotoxicology of PCBs and related compounds. Neurotoxicol. 1992; 13: 27–36, [CSA]
  • Safe S. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs): Environmental impact, biochemical and toxic responses, and implications for risk assessment. Crit. Rev. Toxicol. 1994; 24: 87–149, [CSA]
  • Harper N., Connor K., Steinberg M., Safe S. Immunosuppressive activity of polychlorinated biphenyl mixtures and congeners: nonadditive (antagonistic) interactions. Fund. Appl. Toxicol. 1995; 27: 131–139, [CSA], [CROSSREF]
  • Stack A.S., Altman-Hamamdzic S., Morris P.J., London S.D., London L. Polychlorinated biphenyl mixtures (Aroclors) inhibit LPS-induced murine splenocyte proliferation in vitro. Toxicology 1999; 139: 137–154, [CSA], [CROSSREF]
  • Voie O.A., Wiik P., Fonnum F. Ortho-substituted polychlorinated biphenyls activate respiratory burst measured as luminol-amplified chemoluminescence in human granulocytes. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 1998; 150: 369–375, [CSA], [CROSSREF]
  • Davis D., Safe S. Immunosuppressive activities of polychlorinated biphenyls in C57BL/6N mice: structure-activity relationships as Ah receptor agonists and partial antagonists. Toxicology 1990; 63: 97–111, [CSA], [CROSSREF]
  • Gasiewicz T.A. Dioxins and the Ah receptor: probes to uncover processes in neuroendocrine development. NeuroToxicology 1997; 18: 393–414, [CSA]
  • Mackie D., Liu J., Loh Y-S., Thomas V. No evidence of dioxin cancer threshold. Environ. Health Perspect. 2003; 111: 1145–1147, [CSA]
  • Hansen L.G. The Ortho Side of PCBs: Occurrence and Disposition. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston 1999
  • Oakley G.G., Roe A.L., Blouin R.A., Twaroski T.P., Ganguly T.C., Vore M., Lehmler H-J., Robertson L.W. 2,4,4′-Trichlorobiphenyl increases STAT5 transcriptional activity. Mol. Carcinog. 2001; 30: 199–208, [CSA], [CROSSREF]
  • Denomme M.A., Bandiera S., Lambert I., Copp L., Safe L., Safe S. Polychlorinated biphenyls as phenobarbitone-type inducers of microsomal enzymes. Structure-activity relationships for a series of 2,4-dichloro-substituted congeners. Biochem. Pharmacol. 1983; 32: 2955–2963, [CSA], [CROSSREF]
  • Harper N., Lowie L., Connor K., Kickerson R., Safe S. Immunosuppressive effects of highly chlorinated biphenyls and diphenyl ethers on T-cell dependent and independent antigens in mice. Toxicology 1993; 85: 123–135, [CSA], [CROSSREF]
  • Kerkvliet N.I., Steppan L.B., Smith B.B., Youngberg J.A., Henderson M.C., Buhler D.R. Role of the Ah locus in suppression of cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity by halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons (PCBs and TCDD): structure-activity relationships and effects in C57B1/6 mice congenic at the Ah locus. Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 1990; 14: 532–541, [CSA], [CROSSREF]
  • Tan Y., Li D., Song R., Lawrence D., Carpenter D.O. Ortho-substituted PCBs kill thymocytes. Toxicol Sci. 2003; 76: 328–37, [CSA], [CROSSREF]
  • Jeon Y.J., Youk E.S., Lee A.H., Suh J., Na Y.J., Kim H.M. Polychlorinated biphenyl-induced apoptosis of murine spleen cells is aryl hydrocarbon receptor independent but caspases dependent. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 2002; 181: 69–78, [CSA], [CROSSREF]
  • Tan Y., Chen C.H., Lawrence D., Carpenter D.O. Ortho-substituted PCBs kill cells by altering membrane structure. Toxicol. Sci. 2004; 80: 54–59, [CSA], [CROSSREF]
  • Segre M., Arena S.M., Greeley E.H., Melancon M.J., Graham D.A., French Jr,; J.B. Immunological and physiological effects of chronic exposure of Peromyscus leucopus to Aroclor 1254 at a concentration similar to that found at contaminated sites. Toxicology 2002; 174: 163–172, [CSA], [CROSSREF]
  • Bernhoft A., Skaare J.U., Wiig O., Derocher A.E., Larsen H.J.S. Possible immunotoxic effects of organochlorines in Polar Bears (ursus maritimus) at Svalbard. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health. 2000; 59: 561–574, [CSA], [CROSSREF]
  • Jepson P.D., Bennett P.M., Allchin C.R., Law R.J., Kuiken T., Baker J.R., Rogan E., Kirkwood J.K. Investigating potential associations between chronic exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls and infectious disease mortality in harbour porpoises from England and Wales. Sci. Total Environ. 1999; 243/244: 339–348, [CSA], [CROSSREF]
  • Weisglas-Kuperus N., Sas T.C.J., Koopman-Esseboom C., Van Der Zwan C.W., De Ridder M.A.J., Beishiuzen A., Hooijkaas H., Sauer P.J.J. Immunologic effects of background prenatal and postnatal exposure to dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls in Dutch infants. Pediat. Res. 1995; 38: 404–410, [CSA]
  • Weisglas-Kuperus N., Vreugdenhil H.J.I., Mulder P.G.H. Immunological effects of environmental exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls and dioxins in Dutch school children. Toxicol. Lett. 2004; 149: 281–285, [CSA], [CROSSREF]
  • Weisglas-Kuperus N., Patandin S., Berbers G.A.M., Sas T.C.J., Mulder P.G.H., Sauer P.J.J., Hooijkaas H. Immunologic effects of background exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls and dioxins in Dutch preschool children. Environ. Health Perspect. 2000; 108: 1203–1207, [CSA]
  • Van Den Heuvel R.L., Koopen G., Staessen J.A., Hond E.D., Verheyen G., Nawrot T.S., Roels H.A., Vlieetinck R., Schoeters G.E.R. Immunologic biomarkers in relation to exposure markers of PCBs and dioxins in Flemish adolescents (Belgium). Environ. Health Perspect. 2002; 110: 595–600, [CSA]
  • Oyama Y., Carpenter D.O., Ueno S., Hayashi H., Tomiyoshi F. Methylmercury induces Ca2+-dependent hyperpolarization of mouse thymocytes. A flow-cytometric study using fluorescent dyes. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 1995; 293: 101–107, [CSA], [CROSSREF]
  • McConkey D.J., Orrenius S. 2,3,7,8-tetrachlrorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) kills glucocorticoid-sensitive thymocytes in vivo. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm. 1989; 160: 1003–1008, [CSA], [CROSSREF]
  • Doi H., Baba T., Tohyama C., Nohara K. Functional activation of arylhydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in primary T cells by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. Chemosphere 2003; 52: 655–662, [CSA], [CROSSREF]
  • Fisher M.T., Nagarkatti M., Nagarkatti P.S. Combined screening of thymocytes using apoptosis-specific cDNA array and promoter analysis yields novel gene targets mediating TCDD-induced toxicity. Toxicol. Sci. 2004; 78: 116–124, [CSA], [CROSSREF]
  • Kronenberg S., Lai Z., Esser C. Generation of alphabeta T-cell receptor+ CD4− CD8+ cells in major histocompatibility complex class I-deficient mice upon activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. Immunology 2000; 100: 185–193, [CSA], [CROSSREF]
  • Parslow T.G. Lymphocytes and lymphoid tissues. Medical Immunology, T.G. Parslow, D.P. Stites, A.I. Terr, J.B. Imboden. Lange Medical Books, New York 2001; 40–60
  • Kerkvliet N.I. Immunological effects of chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins. Environ. Health Perspect. 1995; 103: 47–53, [CSA]
  • Nohara K., Ushio H., Tsukumo S., Kobayashi T., Kijima M., Tohyama C., Fujimaki H.;. Alterations of thymocyte development, thymic emigrants and peripheral T cell population in rats exposed to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. Toxicology 2000; 145: 227–235, [CSA], [CROSSREF]
  • Esser C., Lai Z., Gleichmann E. Proliferation inhibition and CD4/CD8 thymocyte subset skewing by in vivo exposure of C57BL/6 mice to Ah receptor-binding 3,3′,4,4′-tetrachlorobiphenyl. Exp. Clin. Immunogenet. 1994; 11: 75–85, [CSA]
  • Lai Z.W., Kremer J., Gleichmann E., Esser C. 3,3′,4,4′-Tetrachlorobiphenyl inhibits proliferation of immature thymocytes in fetal thymus organ culture. Scand. J. Immunol. 1994; 39: 480–488, [CSA]
  • Holsapple M.P., McCay J.A., Barnes D.W. Immunosuppression without liver induction by subchronic exposure to 2,7-dichlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in adult female B6C3F1 mice. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 1986; 83: 445–455, [CSA], [CROSSREF]
  • Okey A.B., Riddick D.S., Harper P.A. The Ah receptor: mediator of the toxicity of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and related compounds. Toxicol. Lett. 1994; 70: 1–22, [CSA], [CROSSREF]
  • Ganey P.E., Sirois J.E., Denison M., Robinson J.P., Roth R.A. Neutrophil function after exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls in vitro. Environ. Health Perspect. 1993; 101: 430–434, [CSA]
  • Brown A.P., Olivero-Verbel J., Holdan W.L., Ganey P.E. Neutrophil activation by polychlorinated biphenyls: structure-activity relationship. Toxicol. Sci. 1998; 46: 308–316, [CSA], [CROSSREF]
  • Olivero J., Ganey P.E. Role of protein phosphorylation in activation of phospholipase A2 by the polychlorinated biphenyl mixture Aroclor 1242. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 2000; 163: 9–16, [CSA], [CROSSREF]
  • Olivero J., Ganey P.E. Participation of Ca2+/calmodulin during activation of rat neutrophils by polychlorinated biphenyls. Biochem. Pharmacol. 2001; 62: 1125–1132, [CSA], [CROSSREF]
  • Sandal S., Yilmaz B., Chen C.H., Carpenter D.O. Comparative effects of technical toxaphene, 2,5-dichloro-3-biphenylol and octabromodiphenylether on cell viability, [Ca2+]i levels and membrane fluidity in mouse thymocytes. Toxicol. Lett. 2004; 151: 417–428, [CSA], [CROSSREF]
  • Sargent L., Dragan Y.P., Erickson C., Laufer C.J., Pitot H.C. Study of the separate and combined effects of the non-planar 2,5,2′,5′- and the planar 3,4,3′,4′-tetrachlorobiphenyl in liver and lymphocytes in vivo. Carcinogenesis 1991; 12: 793–800, [CSA]
  • Ahne W., Jarre T. Environmental toxicology: polychlorinated biphenyls impair TNF-alpha release in vitro. J. Vet. Med. A Physiol. Pathol. Clin. Med. 2002; 49: 105–106, [CSA]
  • Bilrha H., Roy R., Moreau B., Belles-Isles M., Dewailly E., Ayotte P. In vitro activation of cord blood mononuclear cells and cytokine production in a remote coastal population exposed to organochlorines and methyl mercury. Environ. Health Perspect. 2003; 111: 1952–1957, [CSA]
  • Rier S.E., Coe C.L., Lemieux A.M., Martin D.C., Morris R., Lucier G.W., Clark G.C. Increased tumor necrosis factor-alpha production by peripheral blood leukocytes from TCDD-exposed Rhesus monkeys. Toxicol. Sci. 2001; 60: 327–337, [CSA], [CROSSREF]
  • Warren T.K., Mitchell K.A., Lawrence B.P. Exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlrorodibenzo-p-dioxin suppresses the humoral and cell-mediated immune responses to influenza A virus without affecting cytolytic activity in the lung. Toxicol. Sci. 2000; 56: 114–123, [CSA], [CROSSREF]
  • De Vos S., Van Den Heuvel R., Hooghe R., Hooghe-Peters E.L. Limited effect of selected organic pollutants on cytokine production by peripheral blood leukocytes. Eur. Cytokine Netw. 2004; 15: 145–151, [CSA]
  • Daniel V., Huber W., Bauer K., Suesal C., Conradt C., Opelz G. Associations of blood levels of PCB, HCHs, and HCB with numbers of lymphocyte subpopulations, in vitro lymphocyte response, plasma cytokine levels and immunoglobulin autoantibodies. Environ. Health Perspect. 2001; 109: 173–178, [CSA]
  • Daniel V., Huber W., Bauer K., Suesal C., Conradt C., Opelz G. Associations of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) 4.4 and dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) 4.4 blood levels with plasma IL-4. Arch. Environ. Health. 2002; 57: 541–547, [CSA]

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.