Effect of Buthus martensi Karsch on Aromatase Activity and Cytokine-Inducded NOS and NO Production in Osteoblasts and Leukaemic Cell Line FLG 29.1

REFERENCES

• Goudet C., Chi C., Tytgat J. An overview of toxins and genes from the venom of the Asian scorpion Buthus martensi Karsch. Toxicon 2002; 40: 1239–1244
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang X.Y., Zhang J.W., Chen B., Bai Z.T., Shen J., Ji Y.H. Dynamic determination and possible mechanism of amino acid transmitter release from rat spinal dorsal horn induced by the venom and a neurotoxin (BmK I) of scorpion Buthus martensi Karsch. Brain Res. Bull 2002; 58: 27–31
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen B., Zhuo X., Wang C., Ji Y. Asian scorpion BmK venom induces plasma extravasation and thermal hyperalgesia in the rat. Toxicon 2002; 40: 527–533
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim S.H., Kim K.S. The antimutagenic effect and genetic safety of Buthus martensi Karsch aqua-acupuncture solution. J. Kor. Acup. Moxibust. Soc 2000; 17: 151–167
   Google Scholar
• Shi X.C. Chinese-English Terminology of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Hunan Science Publishing. 1983
   Google Scholar
• Kim H.M., An C.S., Jung K.Y., Choo Y.K., Park J.K., Nam S.Y. Rehmannia Glutinosa inhibits tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1 secretion from mouse astrocytes. Pharmacol. Res 1999; 40: 171–176
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Phillipson J.D., Anderson L.A. Ethnopharmacology and western medicine. J. Ethnopharmacol 1989; 25: 61–72
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simpson E.R., Merrill J.C., Hollub A.J., Graham-Lorence S., Mendelson C.R. Regulation of estrogen biosynthesis by human adipose cells. Endocr. Rev 1989; 10: 136–148
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simpson E.R., Ackerman G.E., Smith M.E., Mendelson C.R. Estrogen formation in stromal cells of adipose tissue of women: induction of glucocorticoids. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1981; 78: 5690–5694
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tanaka S., Haji M., Yanase T., Takayanagi R., Nawata H. Aromatase activity in human osteoblast-like osteosarcoma cell. Calcif. Tissue Int 1993; 52: 107–109
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nawata H., Tanaka S., Tanaka S., Takayanagi R., Sakai Y., Yanase T., Ikuyama S., Haji M. Aromatase in bone cell: association with osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol 1995; 53: 165–174
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moncada S., Palmer R.M.J., Hibbs J.R., Higgs E.A. Nitric oxide: physiology, pathophysiology, and pharmacology. Pharmacol. Rev 1991; 43: 109–142
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ralston S.H., Todd D., Helfrich M., Benjamin N., Grabowski P.S. Human osteoblast-like cells produce nitric oxide and express inducible nitric oxide synthase. Endocrinology 1994; 135: 330–336
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klein-Nulend J., Helfrich M.H., Sterck J.G.H., MacPherson H., Joldersma M., Ralston S.H., Semeins C.M., Burger E.H. Nitric oxide response to shear stress by human bone cell cultures is endothelial nitric oxide synthase dependent. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun 1998; 250: 108–114
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Armour K.E., Ralston S.H. Estrogen upregulates endothelial constitutive nitric oxide synthase expression in human osteoblast-like cells. Endocrinology 1998; 139: 799–802
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Damoulis P.D., Hauschka P.V. Nitric oxide acts in conjunction with proinflammatory cytokines to promote cell death in osteoblasts. J. Bone Miner. Res 1997; 12: 412–422
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hukkanen M., Hughes F.J., Buttery L.D.K., Gross S.S., Evans T.J., Seddon S., Riveros-Moreno V., Macintyre I., Polak J.M. Endocrinology 1995; 136: 5445–5453
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hong H.T., Kim H.J., Kim D.W., Lee Y.C., Par Y.G., Kim H-M., Choo Y-K., Kim C.H. Inhibotory effect of a Korean traditional medicine, Honghwain-Jahage (water extracts of Carthamus tinctorius L. seed and Homminis placenta) on interleukin-1-mediated bone resorption. J. Ethnopharm 2002; 79: 143–148
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Siggelkow H., Rebenstorff K., Kurre W., Niedhart C., Engel I., Schulz H., Atkinson M.J., Hufner M. Developmental of the osteoblast phenotype in primary humanosteoblasts in culture: Comparison with rat calvarial cells in osteoblast differentiation. J. Cell. Biochem 1999; 75: 22–35
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCarthy T.L., Centrella M., Raisz L.G., Canalis E. Phosphoglandin E2 stimulates insulin-like growth factor I synthesis in osteoblast-enriched cultures from fetal rat bone. Endocrinology 1991; 128: 2895–2900
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCarthy T.L., Centrella M., Canalis E. Further biochemical and molecular characterization of primary rat parietal bone cell cultures. J. Bone Miner. Res 1988; 3: 401–408
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MacIntyre I., Zaidi M., Towhidul Alam A.S.M., Datta H.K., Moonga B.S., Lidbury P.S., Hecker M., Vane J.R. Osteoclastic inhibition: an action of nitric oxide not mediated by cyclic GMP. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1991; 88: 2936–2940
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beresford J.N., Gallacher J.A., Gowen M., McGuire M.K.B., Poser J., Russell R.G.G. Human bone cells in culture: A novel system for the investigation of bone cell metabolism. Clin. Sci 1983; 64: 38–39
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steele R.E., Mellor L.B., Sawyer W.K., Wasvary J.M., Browne L.J. In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrating potent and selective estrogen inhibition with the nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitor CGS16949A. Steroids 1987; 50: 147–161
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Koos R.D., Banks P.K., Inkster S.E., Yue W., Brodie A.M. Detection of aromatase and keratinocyte growth factor expression in breast tumors using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol 1993; 45: 217–225
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nestler J.E. Interleukin-1 stimulates the aromatase activity of human placental cytotrophoblasts. Endocrinology 1993; 132: 566–570
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salter M., Knowles R.G., Moncada S. Widespread tissue distribution, species distribution and changes in activity of Ca(2+)-dependent and Ca(2+)-independent nitric oxide synthases. FEBS Lett 1991; 291: 145–149
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mosmann T. Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: Application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assays. J. Immunol. Meth 1983; 65: 55–63
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Green L.C., Wagner D.A., Glogowski J., Skipper P.L., Wishnok J.S., Tannenbaum S.R. Analysis of nitrate, nitrite, and [15N]nitrate in biological fluids. Anal. Biochem 1982; 126: 131–138
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lowry O.H., Farr N.J. Protein measurement with the folin phenol reagent. J. Biol. Chem 1951; 193: 265–275
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liao J.K., Shin W.S., Lee W.Y., Clark S.L. Oxidized low-density lipoprotein decreases the expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase. J. Biol. Chem 1995; 270: 319–324
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lyons C.R., Orloff G.J., Cunningham J.M. Molecular cloning and functional expression of an inducible nitric oxide synthase from a murine macrophage cell line. J. Biol. Chem 1992; 267: 6370–6374
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MacPherson H., Noble B.S., Ralston S.H. Expression and functional role of nitric oxide synthase isoforms in human osteoblast-like cells. Bone 1999; 24: 179–185
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Helfrich M.H., Evans D.E., Grabowski P.S., Pollock J.S., Ohshima H., Ralston S.H. Expression of nitric oxide synthase isoforms in bone and bone cell cultures. J. Bone Miner. Res 1997; 12: 1108–1115
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• 35. SAS/STAT software, SAS Institute; Cary, NC; 1997.
   Google Scholar
• Panayi G.S., Lachburry J.S., Kingsley J.S. The importance of the T cell in initiating and maintaining the chronic synovitis of rheumatoid arthritis. hritis Rheumatology 1992; 35: 729–736
   Google Scholar
• Feldmann M., Brennan F.M., Maini R.N. Role of cytokines in rheumatoid arthritis. Annu. Rev. Immunol 1996; 14: 397–440
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weinblatt M.E., Coblyn J.S., Fraser P.A. Cyclosporin A treatment of refractory rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 1987; 30: 11–17
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yocum D.E. The use of immunomodulators in early rheumatoid arthritis. Semin. Arthritis Rheum 1994; 23: 44–49
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simpson E.R., Mahendroo M.S., Means G.D., Kilgore M.W., Hinshelwood M.M., Graham-Lorence S., Amarneh B., Ito Y., Fisher C.R., Michael D., Mendelson C.R., Bulun S.E. Aromatase cytochrome P450, the enzyme responsible for estrogen biosynthesis. Endocr. Rev 1994; 15: 342–355
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Purohit A., Flanagan A.M., Reed M.J. Estrogen synthesis by osteoblast cell lines. Endocrinology 1992; 131: 2027–2029
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Treisman R. Identification of a protein-binding site that mediates transcriptional response of the c-fos gene to serum factors. Cell 1986; 46: 567–574
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nishizuka Y. The role of protein kinase C in cell surface signal transduction and tumor promotion. Nature 1984; 308: 693–698
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brum-Fernandes A.J., Laporte S., Heroux M., Lora M., Patry C., Menard H.A., Dumais R., Leduc R. Expression of prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase-1 and prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase-2 in human osteoblasts. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun 1994; 198: 955–960
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van’t Hof R.J., Ralston S.H. Cytokine-induced nitric oxide inhibits bone resorption by inducing apoptosis of osteoclast progenitors and suppressing osteoclast activity. J. Bone Miner. Res 1997; 12: 1797–1804
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fiorelli G., Frediani U., Martineti V., Franchi A., Gori F., Franceschelli F., Tanini A., Serio M., Brandi M.L. Aromatase expression and activity in the human leukaemic cell line FLG 29.1. J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol 1998; 66: 105–112
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar