Thyreotropic effect of human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG) in mares at estrus

References

• Hershman, J.M. Physiological and pathological aspects of the effect of human chorionic gonadotropin on the thyroid. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. (2004); 18(2):249–265.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Stenman, U.K.; Tiitinen, A.; Alfthan, H.; Valmu, L. The classification, functions and clinical use of different isoforms of HCG. Hum Reprod. (2006); 12(6):769–784.
   Google Scholar
• Harrison, A.; Squires, E.L.; McKinnon, A.O. Comparison of hCG, buserelin and luprostiol for induction of ovulation in cycling mares. Equine Vet Sci. (1991); 163–166.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wan, H.; Versnel, M.A.; Yee Cheung, W.; Leenen, P.J.M.; Khan, N.A.; Benner, R.; Kiekens, R.C.M. Chorionic gonadotropin can enhance innate immunity by stimulating macrophage function. J Leukoc Biol. (2007); 82(4):926–933.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wan, H.; van Helden-Meeuwsen, C.G.; Garlanda, C.; Leijten, L.M.E.; Maina, V.; Khan, N.A.; Drexhage, H.A.; Mantovani, A.; Benner, R.; Versnel, M.A. Chorionic gonadotropin up-regulates long pentraxin 3 expression in myeloid cells. J Leukoc Bio. (2008); 84(4):1346–1352.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Fares, F. The role of O-linked and N-linked oligosaccharides on the structure-function of glycoprotein hormones: Development of agonists and antagonists. Biochim Biophys Acta. (2006); 1760:560–567.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yoshimura, M.; Hershman, J.M. Thyrotropic action of human chorionic gonadotropin. Thyroid. (1995); 5(5):425–434.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kraiem, Z.; Lahat, N.; Sadeh, O.; Blithe, D.L.; Nisula, B.C. Desialylated and deglycosylated human chorionic gonadotropin are superagonists of native human chorionic gonadotropin in human thyroid follicles. Thyroid. (1997); 7(5):783–788.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hosoi, Y.; Murakami, M.; Minegishi, T.; Okano, H.; Ibuki, Y.; Takeuchi, T.; Mori, M. Stimulation of Chinese hamster ovary cells expressing human thyrotropin receptors by serum human chorionic gonadotropin of patients with hydatiform mole. Thyroid. (1999); 9(12):1205–1210.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kato, K.; Mostafa, M.H.; Mann, K.; Schindler, A.E.; Hoermann, R. The human chorionic gonadotropin molecular from patients with trophoblastic diseases has a high thyrotropic activity but is less active in the ovary. Gynecol Endocrinol. (2004); 18(5):269–277.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Royer, J.; Lefevre-Minisini, A.; Caltabiano, G.; Lacombe, T.; Malthiery, Y.; Savagner, F.; Pardo, L.; Rodine, P. The cloned thyrotropin receptor is hypersensitive to human chorionic gonadotropin; identification of three residues in the extracellular domain involved in ligand specificity. Endocrinology. (2008); first published ahead of print.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Smits, G.; Campillo, M.; Govaerts, C.; Janssens, V.; Richter, C.; Vassart, G.; Pardo, L.; Costagliola, S. Glycoprotein hormone receptors: Determinants in leuchine-rich repeats responsible for ligand specificity. EMBO J. (2003); 22(11):2692–2703.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kaiem, Z.; Sadeh, O.; Blithe, D.L.; Nisula, B.C. Human chorionic gonadotropin stimulates thyroid hormone secretion, iodide uptake, organification, and adenosine 3’,5’-monophosphate formation in cultured human thyrocytes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. (1994); 79(2):595–599.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lacalandra, G.M.; Zarrilli, A.; Petazzi, F.; Sciorsci, R. Livelli ematici di ormoni tiroidei T3, T4, fT3, fT4. Ricerche preliminari in bovine. Atti della Società Italiana di Buiatria. (1986); 18:521–526.
   Google Scholar
• Slebodzinski, A.B. Ovarian iodide uptake and triiodothyronine generation in follicular fluid. The enigma of the thyroid ovary interaction. Domest Anim Endocrinol. (2005); 29(1):97–103.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Senger, P.L. Pathways to pregnancy and parturition. Current Conceptions, Inc., Pullman, Washington, USA, (1999).
   Google Scholar
• Vrtacnik Bokal, E.; Meden Vrtovec, H.; Virant Klun, I.; Verdenik, I. Prolonged HCG action affects angiogenic substances and improves follicular maturation, oocyte quality and fertilization competence in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome. Hum Reprod. (2005); 20(6):1562–1568.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wijayagunawardane, M.P.; Miyamoto, A.; Taquahashi, Y.; Gabler, C.; Acosta, T.J.; Nishimura, M.; Killian, G.; Sato, K. In vitro regulation of local secretion and contraction of the bovine oviduct: stimulation by luteinizing hormone, endothelin-1 and prostaglandins, and inhibition by oxytocin. J Endocrinol. (2001); 168(1):117–130.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Fields, M.J.; Shemesh, M. extragonadal luteinizing hormone receptors in the reproductive tract of domestic animals. Biol Reprod. (2004); 71:1412–1418.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Filicori, A.; Fazleabas, I.; Huhtaniemi, P.; Licht, C.; Rao, J.; Tesarik, M.; Zygmunt, M. Novel concepts of human chorionic gonadotropin: reproductive system interactions and potential in the management of infertility. Fertil Steril. (2005); 84(2):275–284.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hatsuta, M.; Tamura, K.; Shimizu, Y.; Toda, K.; Kogo, H. Effect of thyroid hormone on CYP19 expression in ovarian granulosa cells from gonadotropin-treated immature rats. J Pharm Sci. (2004); 94(4):420–425.
   Google Scholar
• Gregoraszczuk, E.L.; Galas J. In vitro effect of triiodothyronine on the cyclic AMP, progesterone and testosterone level in porcine theca, granulosa and luteal cells. Endocr Regul. (1998); 32:93–98.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gregoraszczuk, E.L.; Kolodziejczyk, J.; Rzysa, J. Triiodothyronine stimulates 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity in the porcine corpus luteum. Endocr Regul. (1999); 33:155–160.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar