The ionic liquid 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium demonstrates comparable antimicrobial and antibiofilm behavior to a cationic surfactant

References

• Alberto , EE , Rossato , LL , Alves , SH , Alves , D and Braga , AL. 2011 . Imidazolium ionic liquids containing selenium: synthesis and antimicrobial activity . Org Biomol Chem , 9 : 1001 – 1003 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Busetti , A , Crawford , DE , Earle , MJ , Gilea , MA , Gilmore , BF , Gorman , SP , Laverty , G , Lowry , AF , McLaughlin , M and Seddon , KR. 2010 . Antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of 1-alkylquinolinium bromide ionic liquids . Green Chem , 12 : 420 – 425 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carson , L , Chau , PKW , Earle , MJ , Gilea , MA , Gilmore , BF , Gorman , SP , McCann , MT and Seddon , KR. 2009 . Antibiofilm activities of 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ionic liquids . Green Chem , 11 : 492 – 497 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choi , SY , Rodríguez , H , Mirafari , A , Gilpin , DF , McGrath , S , Malcolm , KR , Tunney , MM , Rogers , RD and McNally , T. 2011 . Dual functional ionic liquids as plasticisers and antimicrobial agents for medical polymers . Green Chem , 13 : 1527 – 1535 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cucrella , C , Solano , C , Valle , J , Amorena , B , Lasa , I and Penadés , JR. 2001 . Bap, a Staphylococcus aureus surface protein involved in biofilm formation . J Bacteriol , 183 : 2888 – 2896 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Demberelnyamba , D , Kim , K , Choi , S , Park , S , Lee , H , Kim , C and Yoo , I. 2004 . Synthesis and antimicrobial properties of imidazolium and pyrrolidnonium salts . Bioorg Med Chem , 12 : 853 – 857 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Denyer , SP and Maillard , JY. 2002 . Cellular impermeability and uptake of biocides and antibiotics in Gram-negative bacteria . J Appl Microbiol , 92 : 35S – 45S .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gilbert , P and Moore , LE. 2005 . Cationic antiseptics: diversity of action under a common epithet . J Appl Microbiol , 99 : 703 – 715 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hough , WL , Smiglak , M , Rodriguez , H , Swatloski , RP , Spear , SK , Daly , DT , Pernak , J , Grisel , JE , Carliss , RD Soutullo , MD . 2007 . The third evolution of ionic liquids: active pharmaceutical ingredients . New J Chem , 31 : 1429 – 1436 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ismail Hossain , M , El-Harbawi , M , Noaman , YA , Bustam , MA , Alitheen , NB , Affandi , NA , Hefter , G and Yin , CY. 2011 . Synthesis and anti-microbial activity of hydroxylammonium ionic liquids . Chemosphere , 84 : 101 – 104 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim , J , Pitts , B , Stewart , PS , Camper , A and Yoon , J. 2008 . Comparison of the antimicrobial effects of chlorine, silver ion and tobramycin on biofilm . Antimicrob Agents Chemother , 52 : 1446 – 1453 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klausen , M , Heydorn , A , Ragas , P , Lambersten , L , Aes-Jorgensen , A , Molin , S and Tolker-Nielsen , T. 2003 . Biofilm formation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa wild type, flagella and type IV pili mutants . Mol Microbiol , 48 : 1511 – 1524 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Łuczak , J , Jungnickel , C , Łącka , I , Stolte , S and Hupka , J. 2010 . Antimicrobial and surface activity of 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium derivatives . Green Chem , 12 : 593 – 601 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mah , TF and O'Toole , GA. 2001 . Mechanisms of biofilm resistance to antimicrobial agents . Trends Microbiol , 9 : 34 – 39 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McLaughlin , M , Earle , M , Gîlea , MA , Gilmore , BF , Gorman , SP and Seddon , KR. 2011 . Cytotoxicity of 1-alkylquinolinium bromide ionic liquids in murine fibroblast NIH 3T3 cells . Green Chem , 13 : 2794 – 2800 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moore , LE , Ledder , RG , Gilbert , P and McBain , AJ. 2008 . In vitro study of the effect of cationic biocides on bacterial population dynamics and susceptibility . Appl Environ Microbiol , 74 : 4825 – 4834 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nancharaiah , YV and Francis , AJ. 2011 . Alkyl-imidazolium ionic liquids affect the growth and fermentative metabolism of Clostridium sp . Bioresour Technol , 102 : 6573 – 6578 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O'toole , GA , Wathier , M , Zegans , ME , Shanks , RM , Kowalski , R and Grinstaff , MW. 2012 . Diphosphonium ionic liquids as broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents . Cornea , 31 : 810 – 816 . doi:10.1097/ICO.0b013e31823f0a86
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pernak , J , Sobaszkiewicz , K and Mirska , I. 2003 . Anti-microbial activities of ionic liquids . Green Chem , 5 : 52 – 56 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pernak , J , Goc , I and Mirska , I. 2004 . Anti-microbial activities of protic ionic liquids with lactate anion . Green Chem , 6 : 323 – 329 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pham , TP , Cho , CW and Yun , YS. 2010 . Environmental fate and toxicity of ionic liquids: a review . Water Res , 44 : 352 – 372 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rogers , RD and Seddon , KR. 2003 . Ionic liquids – solvents of the future . Science , 302 : 792 – 793 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saravanan , P , Nancharaiah , YV , Venugopalan , VP , Rao , TS and Jayachandran , S. 2006 . Biofilm formation by Pseudoalteromonas ruthenica and its removal by chlorine . Biofouling , 22 : 371 – 381 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sheldon , RA , Lau , RM , Sorgedrager , MJ , Rantwijk , FV and Seddon , KR. 2002 . Biocatalysis in ionic liquids . Green Chem , 4 : 247 – 151 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sim[otilde]es , M , Pereira , MO and Vieira , MJ. 2005 . Action of a cationic surfactant on the activity and removal of bacterial biofilms formed under different flow regimes . Water Res , 39 : 478 – 486 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singh , S , Simmons , BA and Vogel , KP. 2009 . Visualization of biomass solubilization and cellulose regeneration during ionic liquid pretreatment of switchgrass . Biotechnol Bioeng , 104 : 68 – 75 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Virto , R , Mañas , P , Álvarez , I , Condon , S and Rao , J. 2005 . Membrane damage and microbial inactivation by chlorine in the absence and presence of a chlorine-demanding substrate . Appl Environ Microbiol , 71 : 5022 – 5028 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar