Carbon nanotube survivability in marine environments and method for biofouling removal

References

• Abarzua S, Jakubowski S. 1995. Biotechnological investigation for the prevention of biofouling. 1. Biological and biochemical principles for the prevention of biofouling. Mar Ecol Prog Ser. 123:301–312. doi:10.3354/meps123301
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abbott A, Abel PD, Arnold DW, Milne A. 2000. Cost-benefit analysis of the use of TBT: the case for a treatment approach. Sci Total Environ. 258:5–19. doi:10.1016/S0048-9697(00)00505-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alcantara J, De la Fuente D, Chico B, Simancas J, Diaz I, Morcillo M. 2017. Marine atmospheric corrosion of carbon steel: a review. Materials. 10:406. doi:10.3390/ma10040406
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beech WB, Sunner J. 2004. Biocorrosion: towards understanding interactions between biofilms and metals. Curr Opin Biotechnol. 15:181–186. doi:10.1016/j.copbio.2004.05.001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beigbeder A, Degee P, Conlan SL, Mutton RJ, Clare AS, Pettitt ME, Callow ME, Callow JA, Dubois P. 2008. Preparation and characterisation of silicone-based coatings filled with carbon nanotubes and natural sepiolite and their application as marine fouling-release coatings. Biofouling. 24:291–302. doi:10.1080/08927010802162885
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beigbeder A, Mincheva R, Pettitt ME, Callow ME, Callow JA, Claes M, Dubois P. 2010. Marine fouling release silicone/carbon nanotube nanocomposite coatings: on the importance of the nanotube dispersion state. J Nanosci Nanotechnol. 10:2972–2978. doi:10.1166/jnn.2010.2185
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brady RF, Singer IL. 2000. Mechanical factors favoring release from fouling release coatings. Biofouling. 15:73–81. doi:10.1080/08927010009386299
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buskens P, Wouters M, Rentrop C, Vroon Z. 2013. A brief review of environmentally benign antifouling and foul-release coatings for marine applications. J Coat Technol Res. 10:29–36. doi:10.1007/s11998-012-9456-0
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carl C, Poole AJ, Vucko MJ, Williams MR, Whalan S, de Nys R. 2012. Enhancing the efficacy of fouling-release coatings against fouling by Mytilus galloprovincialis using nanofillers. Biofouling. 28:1077–1091. doi:10.1080/08927014.2012.728588
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cavas L, Yildiz PG, Mimigianni P, Sapalidis A, Nitodas S. 2018. Reinforcement effects of multiwall carbon nanotubes and graphene oxide on PDMS marine coatings. J Coat Technol Res. 15:105–120. doi:10.1007/s11998-017-9956-z
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chambers LD, Stokes KR, Walsh FC, Wood RJK. 2006. Modern approaches to marine antifouling coatings. Surf Coat Tech. 201:3642–3652. doi:10.1016/j.surfcoat.2006.08.129
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cress CD, Ganter MJ, Schauerman CM, Soule K, Rossi JE, Lawlor CC, Puchades I, Ubnoske SM, Bucossi AR, Landi BJ. 2017. Carbon nanotube wires with continuous current rating exceeding 20 Amperes. J Appl Phys. 122:025101.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dafforn KA, Lewis JA, Johnston EL. 2011. Antifouling strategies: history and regulation, ecological impacts and mitigation. Mar Pollut Bull. 62:453–465. doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2011.01.012
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Farro NW, Veleva L, Aguilar P. 2009. Copper marine corrosion: I. Corrosion rates in atmospheric and seawater environments of Peruvian port. TOCORRJ. 2:130–138. doi:10.2174/1876503300902010130
   Google Scholar
• Irani F, Jannesari A, Bastani S. 2013. Effect of fluorination of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) on the surface properties of fouling-release silicone/MWCNTs coatings. Prog Org Coat. 76:375–383. doi:10.1016/j.porgcoat.2012.10.023
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Magin CM, Cooper SP, Brennan AB. 2010. Non-toxic antifouling strategies. Mater Today. 13:36–44. doi:10.1016/S1369-7021(10)70058-4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martinelli E, Suffredini M, Galli G, Glisenti A, Pettitt ME, Callow ME, Callow JA, Williams D, Lyall G. 2011. Amphiphilic block copolymer/poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) blends and nanocomposites for improved fouling-release. Biofouling. 27:529–541. doi:10.1080/08927014.2011.584972
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Naval Ships' Technical Manual. 2006. 5 ed. Naval Sea Systems Command. Washington, D.C.
   Google Scholar
• Ng KW, Lam WH, Pichiah S. 2013. A review on potential applications of carbon nanotubes in marine current turbines. Renew Sust Energy Rev. 28:331–339. doi:10.1016/j.rser.2013.08.018
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nurioglu AG, Esteves ACC, de With G. 2015. Non-toxic, non-biocide-release antifouling coatings based on molecular structure design for marine applications. J Mater Chem B. 3:6547–6570. doi:10.1039/c5tb00232j
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Puchades I, Lawlor CC, Schauerman CM, Bucossi AR, Rossi JE, Cox ND, Landi BJ. 2015. Mechanism of chemical doping in electronic-type-separated single wall carbon nanotubes towards high electrical conductivity. J Mater Chem C. 3:10256–10266. doi:10.1039/C5TC02053K
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rao R, Pint CL, Islam AE, Weatherup RS, Hofmann S, Meshot ER, Wu FQ, Zhou CW, Dee N, Amama PB, et al. 2018. Carbon nanotubes and related nanomaterials: critical advances and challenges for synthesis toward mainstream commercial applications. ACS Nano. 12:11756–11784. doi:10.1021/acsnano.8b06511
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sankar GG, Sathya S, Murthy PS, Das A, Pandiyan R, Venugopalan VP, Doble M. 2015. Polydimethyl siloxane nanocomposites: their antifouling efficacy in vitro and in marine conditions. Int Biodeter Biodegr. 104:307–314. doi:10.1016/j.ibiod.2015.05.022
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schauerman CM, Ganter MJ, Gaustad G, Babbitt CW, Raffaelle RP, Landi BJ. 2012. Recycling single-wall carbon nanotube anodes from lithium ion batteries. J Mater Chem. 22:12008–12015. doi:10.1039/c2jm31971c
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schultz MP. 2007. Effects of coating roughness and biofouling on ship resistance and powering. Biofouling. 23:331–341. doi:10.1080/08927010701461974
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Soule KJ, Lawlor CC, Bucossi AR, Cress CD, Puchades I, Landi BJ. 2019. Sustaining enhanced electrical conductivity in KAuBr4-doped carbon nanotube wires at high current densities. ACS Appl Nano Mater. 2:7340–7349. doi:10.1021/acsanm.9b01859
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sun Y, Lang YH, Sun Q, Liang S, Liu YK, Zhang ZZ. 2016. Effect of anti-biofouling potential of multi-walled carbon nanotubes-filled polydimethylsiloxane composites on pioneer microbial colonization. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 145:30–36. doi:10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.04.033
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sun Y, Zhang ZZ. 2016a. Anti-biofouling property studies on carboxyl-modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes filled PDMS nanocomposites. World J Microb Biot. 32:148.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sun Y, Zhang ZZ. 2016b. New anti-biofouling carbon nanotubes-filled polydimethylsiloxane composites against colonization by pioneer eukaryotic microbes. Int Biodeter Biodegr. 110:147–154. doi:10.1016/j.ibiod.2016.03.019
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sun Y, Zhang ZZ. 2017. Carboxyl-modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes-filled PDMS nanocomposites for anti-biofouling applications. J Adhes Sci Technol. 31:41–54. doi:10.1080/01694243.2016.1200857
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tomkiewicz A, Cress CD, Landi BJ. 2020. Enhanced saltwater stability of CNT wires under electrical bias. Carbon. 168:180–192. doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2020.06.060
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Upadhyayula VKK, Gadhamshetty V. 2010. Appreciating the role of carbon nanotube composites in preventing biofouling and promoting biofilms on material surfaces in environmental engineering: a review. Biotechnol Adv. 28:802–816. doi:10.1016/j.biotechadv.2010.06.006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wahl M. 1989. Marine epibiosis.1. Fouling and antifouling - some basic aspects. Mar Ecol Prog Ser. 58:175–189. doi:10.3354/meps058175
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang JL, Li YF, Guo XP, Liang X, Xu YF, Ding DW, Bao WY, Dobretsov S. 2016. The effect of carbon nanotubes and titanium dioxide incorporated in PDMS on biofilm community composition and subsequent mussel plantigrade settlement. Biofouling. 32:763–777. doi:10.1080/08927014.2016.1197210
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang DJ, Liu ZH, Wu GQ, Yang ZJ, Cui Y, Li H, Zhang YM. 2021. Fluorinated carbon nanotube superamphiphobic coating for high-efficiency and long-lasting underwater antibiofouling surfaces. ACS Appl Bio Mater. 4:6351–6360. doi:10.1021/acsabm.1c00582
   PubMedGoogle Scholar