Do All Dogs Go to Heaven? Investigating the Association between Demographic Characteristics and Beliefs about Animal Afterlife

References

• American Pet Products Association. 2014. APPA releases 2013–14 national pet owners survey. www.petfoodindustry.com/articles/3515-appa-releases-2013-14-national-pet-owners-survey. Accessed on August 12, 2015.
   Google Scholar
• Baum, F. and Palmer, C. 2002. “Opportunity structures”: Urban landscape, social capitol and health promotion in Australia. Health Promotion International 17: 351–361. doi: 10.1093/heapro/17.4.351
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beck, A. 2005. Review of pets and our mental health: The why, the what, and the how. Anthrozoös 18: 441–443. doi: 10.2752/089279305785593938
   Google Scholar
• Berger, P. and Luckmann, T. 1966. The Social Construction of Reality. New York, NY: Doubleday.
   Google Scholar
• Bowd, A. and Bowd, A. 1989. Attitudes toward the treatment of animals: A study of Christian groups in Australia. Anthrozoös 3: 20–24. doi: 10.2752/089279390787057784
   Google Scholar
• Buddemeyer-Porter, M. 2006. Will I See Fido in Heaven? Scripturally Revealing God’s Wonderful Eternal Plan for His Non-human Creatures. Manchester, MO: Eden Pub.
   Google Scholar
• Casler, K., Bickel, L. and Hackett, E. 2013. Separate but equal? A comparison of participants and data gathered via Amazon’s MTurk, social media, and face-to-face behavioral testing. Computers in Human Behavior 29: 2,156–2,160. doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2013.05.009
   Google Scholar
• Cohen, J. 1988. Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences. 2nd edn. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
   Google Scholar
• Cohen, S. 2002. Can pets function as family members? Western Journal of Nursing Research 2: 621–638. doi: 10.1177/019394502320555386
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deemer, D. and Lobao, L. 2011. Public concern with farm-animal welfare: Religion, politics, and human disadvantage in the food sector. Rural Sociology 76: 167–196. doi: 10.1111/j.1549-0831.2010.00044.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Driscoll, J. 1992. Attitudes toward animal use. Anthrozoös 5: 32–39. doi: 10.2752/089279392787011575
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Field, N., Orsini, L., Gavish, R. and Packman, W. 2009. Role attachment in response to pet loss. Death Studies 33: 334–355. doi: 10.1080/07481180802705783
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gladstone, R. 2014. Dogs in heaven? Pope Francis leaves pearly gates open. The New York Times. Dec. 11. www.nytimes.com/2014/12/12/world/europe/dogs-in-heaven-pope-leaves-pearly-gate-open-.html. Accessed on August 15, 2015.
   Google Scholar
• Hauser, D. and Schwarz, N. 2015. Attentive Turkers: MTurk particpants perform better on online attention checks than do subject pool participants. Behavioral Research 48(1): 400–407. doi: 10.3758/s13428-015-0578-z
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heleski, C., Mertig, A. and Zanella, A. 2006. Stakeholder attitudes toward animal welfare. Anthrozoös 19: 290–307. doi: 10.2752/089279306785415439
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Herzog, H. and Galvin, S. 1997. Common sense and the mental lives of animals: An empirical approach. In Anthropomorphism, Anecdotes, and Animals, 237–253, ed. R. W. Mitchell. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.
   Google Scholar
• Hodgson, K. and Darling, M. 2011. Pets in the family: Practical approaches. Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association 47: 299–305. doi: 10.5326/JAAHA-MS-5695
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hodgson, K., Darling, M. and Kim, F. 2015. Pets’ impact on your patients’ health: Leveraging benefits and mitigating risk. Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine 28: 526–534. doi: 10.3122/jabfm.2015.04.140254
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holak, S. 2008. Ritual blessings with companion animals. Journal of Business Research 61: 534–541. doi: 10.1016/j.jbusres.2007.07.026
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kellert, S. and Berry, J. 1980. Phase III: Knowledge, Affection and Basic Attitudes toward Animals in American Society. Washington, DC: United States Government Printing Office.
   Google Scholar
• Knight, S. and Barnett, L. 2008. Justifying attitudes toward animal use: A qualitative study of people’s views and beliefs. Anthrozoös 21: 31–42. doi: 10.2752/089279308X274047
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knight, S., Vrij, A., Cherryman, J. and Nunkoosing, K. 2004. Attitudes toward animal use and animal mind. Anthrozoös 17: 43–62. doi: 10.2752/089279304786991945
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kruse, C. 1999. Gender, views of nature, and support for animal rights. Society & Animals 7: 179–198. doi: 10.1163/156853099X00077
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lauer, M., Mulhem, R., Schell, M. and Camitta, B. 1989. Long term follow-up of parental adjustment following a child’s death at home or hospital. Cancer 63: 988–994. doi: 10.1002/1097-0142(19890301)63:5<988::AID-CNCR2820630534>3.0.CO;2-Y
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levine, G., Allen, K., Braun, L., Christian, H., Friedmann, E., Taubert, K., Thomas, S., Wells, D. and Lange, R. 2013. Pet ownership and cardiovascular risk: A scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation 127: 2,353–2,363. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0b013e31829201e1
   Google Scholar
• McIntosh, D., Silver, R. and Wortman, C. 1993. Religion’s role in adjustment to a negative life event: Coping with the loss of a child. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 65: 812–821. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.65.4.812
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paul, E. 2000. Empathy with animals and with humans: are they linked?. Anthrozoös 13: 194–202. doi: 10.2752/089279300786999699
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pew Research Center. 2007. Religious Landscape Study. Washington, DC. http://www.pewforum.org/religious-landscape-study/. Accessed July 29, 2015.
   Google Scholar
• Rosik, C. 1989. The impact of religious orientation in conjugal bereavement among older adults. International Journal of Aging & Human Development 28: 251–260. doi: 10.2190/37H9-UDP5-UQRC-QHTT
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sabel, P. 1995. Pets, attachment, and well-being across the life cycle. Social Work 40: 334–341.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Serpell, J. 2004. Factors influencing human attitudes to animals and their welfare. Animal Welfare 13: S145–S151.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shanahan, N. 2002. There is Eternal Life for Animals. Tyngsborough, MA: Pete Pub.
   Google Scholar
• Sussman, D. 2001. See Spot go to heaven? The public’s not so sure. ABCNews/Beliefnet poll. www.beliefnet.com/Inspiration/Angels/2001/05/See-Spot-Go-to-Heaven-The-Publics-Not-So-Sure.aspx. Accessed on August 12, 2015.
   Google Scholar
• Tompkins, P. 2010. The Divine Life of Animals: One Man’s Quest to Discover Whether the Souls of Animals Live On. New York, NY: Crown Pub.
   Google Scholar
• Toray, T. 2004. The human–animal bond and loss: Providing support for grieving clients. Journal of Mental Health Counseling 26: 244–259. doi: 10.17744/mehc.26.3.udj040fw2gj75lqp
   Google Scholar
• United States Census Bureau. 2015a. American fact finder. www.census.gov/data.html. Accessed on July 29, 2015.
   Google Scholar
• United States Census Bureau. 2015b. Census regions and divisions of the United States. www2.census.gov/geo/pdfs/maps-data/maps/reference/us_regdiv.pdf. Accessed on July 29, 2015.
   Google Scholar
• Vesnaver, E. and Keller, H. 2011. Social influences and eating behavior later in life: A review. Journal of Nutrition in Gerontology and Geriatrics 30: 2–23. doi: 10.1080/01639366.2011.545038
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Waldau, P. 2005. Animals. In Encyclopedia of Religion, 355–362, ed. L. Jones. New York, NY: Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Waldau, P. 2006. Religion and animals. In In Defense of Animals, 69–83, ed. P. Singer. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• Wood, L., Giles-Corti, B. and Mulsara, M. 2005. The pet connection: Pets as a conduit for social capital? Social Science & Medicine 61: 1,159–1,173. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2005.01.017
   Google Scholar