Publication Cover
Science & Global Security
The Technical Basis for Arms Control, Disarmament, and Nonproliferation Initiatives
Volume 7, 1998 - Issue 1
141
Views
7
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

The soviet program for peaceful uses of nuclear explosions

Pages 1-117 | Published online: 21 Dec 2007

Notes and references

  • United Nations General Assembly . 1949 . Official Records: Fourth Session, Ad Hoc Political Committee, Thirty‐Third Meeting . November 10 1949 . pp. 188
  • Pokrovskiy , G. I. 1954 . “Beginning of an Era of Atomic Energy,” . Tekhnika Molodezhi , 9
  • Reines , Frederick . 1950 . “Are There Peaceful Engineering Uses of Atomic Explosives?,” . Bulletin of Atomic Scientists , June : 171 – 2 .
  • Goldschmidt , Bertrand . 1982 . The Atomic Complex , 257 – 62 . American Nuclear Society .
  • Rougeron , Camille . 1956 . Les Applications de L'Explosion Thermonucléaire , Paris : Editions Berger‐Levrault .
  • Pokrovskiy , G. I. 1956 . “On the Use of Nuclear Explosives for Industrial Purposes,” . Gor‐nyi Zhurnal , 1 : 29 – 32 .
  • Marder , Murray . 1958 . “Reds Attack Peaceful U.S. Atom Blasts,” . Washington Post , September 4 : 1
  • Rawson , D. , Boardman , C. and Jaffe‐Chazan , N. 1965 . The Environment Created by a Nuclear Explosion in Salt PNE‐107F,
  • Rawson , D. 1963 . Review and Summary of Some Project Gnome Results , Vol. 44 , 129 – 35 . AGU .
  • Nathans , M. January 1965 . Isotope Program ‐ Project Gnome January , PNE‐102F,
  • Werth , G. , ed. October 13 1970 . The Handcar Nuclear Explosion in Dolomite , October 13 , Livermore, CA : Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory . UCRL‐50951,
  • Crowley , B. and Glenn , H. D. October 19 1970 . The Marvel Experiment October 19 , UCRL‐72756,
  • Holzer , F. March 1969 . GASBUGGY Experiment March , UCRL‐71624,
  • Rawson , D. September 1968 . Postshot Geologic Investigations‐Project GASBUGGY September , UCRL‐71354,
  • Smith , C. Jr. November 1969 . Project GASBUGGY Gas Quality Analysis and Evaluation of Radiochemical and Chemical Analytical Results November , UCRL‐50635, Rev. 1,
  • Aamodt , L. 1971 . “RULISON; Underground Engineering Explosive and Emplacement Considerations,” . IAEA Peaceful Nuclear Explosions II , January IAEA‐PL‐429/3(I),
  • Smith , C. November 1971 . Gas Analysis Results for Project RULISON Production Testing Samples November , UCRL‐51153,
  • Woodruff , W. and Guido , R. 1975 . “Project RIO BLANCO Part I: Nuclear Operations and Chimney Reentry,” . IAEA Peaceful Nuclear Explosions IV , January IAEA‐TC‐1–4/4,
  • Toman , J. 1975 . “Project RIO BLANCO Part II: Production Test Data & Preliminary Analysis of Top Chimney/Cavity,” . IAEA Peaceful Nuclear Explosions IV , January IAEA‐TC‐1–4/5,
  • Tewes , H. January 1979 . Survey of Gas Quality Results from Three Gas‐Well Stimulation Experiments by Nuclear Explosions January , UCRL‐52656,
  • Dubasov , Yu. V. 1994 . “Nuclear Explosion Technologies: Features of the Conduct of Nuclear Explosions for Peaceful Purposes,” . Bulletin of the Center for Public Information on Atomic Energy , January : 30 – 35 . Moscow.
  • Mikhailov , V. N. , ed. 1994 . Nuclear Explosions in the U.S.S.R. — Publication 4 — Peaceful Uses of Nuclear Explosions , 4 Moscow : VNIPIpromtekhnologiy and Khlopina Radium Institute .
  • Mikhailov . Nuclear Explosions in the U.S.S.R. 4 (see endnote 15 for complete reference).
  • Holzer , A. and Werth , G. July 1 1969 . Summary of the Technical Aspects of the U.S.‐U.S.S.R. Talks of April 14–16, 1969 at Vienna, Austria July 1 , UCID‐15499,
  • Werth , G. February 24 1970 . Highlights of the Second Stage of Soviet‐American Technical Talks on the Use of Peaceful Nuclear Explosions for Peaceful Purposes February 24 , UCID‐15606,
  • Nordyke , M. D. August 23 1971 . Technical Summary of the Third Stage of the Soviet‐American Talks on the Peaceful Uses of Nuclear Explosions August 23 , UCRL‐51113,
  • 1970 . Peaceful Nuclear Explosions, Phenomenology and Status Report . proceeding of a panel held at IAEA . March 2–6 1970 . 1970,
  • 1971 . Peaceful Nuclear Explosions II, Their Practical Applications . proceeding of a panel held at IAEA . January 18–22 1971 .
  • 1972 . Peaceful Nuclear Explosions III, Applications, Characteristics and Effects . proceeding of a panel held at IAEA . November 27 1972 . ‐December 1,
  • 1975 . Peaceful Nuclear Explosions TV . proceeding of a panel held at IAEA . January 20–24 1975 .
  • 1976 . Peaceful Nuclear Explosions V . proceeding of a panel held at IAEA . November 22–24 1976 .
  • Nordyke , M. D. 1975 . “A Review of Soviet Data on the Peaceful Uses of Nuclear Explosions,” . Annals of Nuclear Energy , 2 : 657 – 673 .
  • Borg , I. Y. 1983 . “Peaceful Nuclear Explosions in Soviet Gas Condensate Fields,” . LLNL Energy and Technology Review , May : 30 – 38 . UCRL‐52000–83–5,
  • Scheimer , J. F. and Borg , I. Y. 1984 . “Deep Seismic Sounding with Nuclear Explosives in the Soviet Union,” . Science , 226 ( 4676 ) November 16
  • Sultanov , D. D. July 28 1993 . Investigation of Seismic Efficiency of Soviet Peaceful Nuclear Explosions Conducted Under Various Geological Conditions , July 28 , Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute for Dynamics of the Geosphere .
  • 1992–3 . The History of Soviet Nuclear Weapons Moscow Draft Outline VNIIEF/VNIITF,
  • 1996 . U.S.S.R. Nuclear Weapons Tests and Peaceful Nuclear Explosives, 1949 Through 1990 , Sarov : RFCN‐VNIIEF . 15RN5–85165–062–1,
  • Dubasov , Y. V. 1994 . “Underground Explosions of Nuclear Devices for Industrial Purposes on the Territory of the U.S.S.R. in 1965–1988,” . Bulletin of the Center for Public Information on Atomic Energy , January : 18 – 29 . Moscow,
  • Mikhailov . Nuclear Explosions in the U.S.S.R. 67 (see endnote 15).
  • 1995 . “IAEA Clears Semipalatinsk Area Conditionally for Living,” . Nucleonics Week , January 26 : 6 – 7 .
  • Seaborg , G. T. 1987 . Stemming the Tide, Arms Control in the Johnson Years , Lexington Books .
  • Stefashin , Oleg . 1991 . “Unknown New Test Site,” . Izvestiya , January 23 : 2
  • Lushin , Yuri . 1992 . “A Big Secret ‘For Peaceful Purposes,’” . OGONEK , January : 4 – 15 .
  • Kireev , V. V. 1995 . “Group Excavation by Nuclear Explosions in Alluvial Media,” . Peaceful Nuclear Explosions IV, IAEA panel , : 399 – 419 . IAEA‐TC‐1–4/14 in
  • Micklin , P. P. 1972 . “Dimensions of the Caspian Sea Problem,” . Soviet Geography , XIII ( 9 ) November : 589 – 602 .
  • Pankov , A. 1969 . “The Pechora Will Flow into the Caspian,” . Vodnyy Transport , December 4 : 2
  • Gorin , V. V. 1993 . “Semipalatinsk Test Site: A Chronology of Underground Nuclear Explosions and Their Primary Radiation Effects (1961–1989),” . Bulletin of the Center for Public Information on Atomic Energy , : 21 – 32 . Moscow,
  • Chelyukanov , V. V. 1993 . “On Radiation Conditions in the Perm Oblast,” . Bulletin of the Center for Public Information on Atomic Energy , : 72 – 74 . Moscow,
  • Micklin , Philip P. 1981 . “A Preliminary Systems Analysis of Impacts of Proposed Soviet River Diversions On Arctic Sea Ice,” . EOS , 62 ( 19 ) May 12
  • Emel'yanenkov , A. and Popov , V. , eds. 1992 . “'Focus’ Ne Ydalsya,” . In Atom bez Gripha “Sekretno”: Tochki Zreniya , Berlin : H&P Druck .
  • Myasnikov , K. V. 1992 . “Underground Explosion in the Arctic for Peaceful Purposes,” . In Nuclear Explosions in the U.S.S.R. ‐ Publication 1: The Northern Test Site , Edited by: Mikhailov , V. N. Moscow : VNIPIpromtekhnologiy and Khlopina Radium Institute . (See JPRS‐UEQ‐93–009‐L).
  • Dokuchayev , M. 1967 . “The Blast at Medeo,” . Nauka i Zhizn’ , : 100 – 8 .
  • Yulish , Ya. A. 1971 . “Baipazinskiy Hydroelectric Power Installation on the Vakhsh River,” . Gidrotekhnika i Melioratsiya , : 1 – 10 .
  • Orudjev , S. A. 1971 . “Underground Nuclear Explosions to Stimulate Oil Field Development,” . Proceeding of the 8th World Petroleum Congress . June 1971 , Moscow.
  • Barton . 1995 . “Calculational Techniques for Estimating Population Doses from Radioactivity in Natural Gas from Nuclearly‐Stimulated Wells,” . Peaceful Nuclear Explosions IV, IAEA Panel , : 343 – 354 . IAEA‐TC‐1–4/3 in
  • Yanshin , Acad. A. 1994 . “The Nuclear ‘Genie’ is Escaping from the Earth,” . Delo (Moscow) , March : 4 (47),
  • Golybov , B. 1992 . “Point of View of the Experts,” . In Atom bez Gripha ‘Sekretno’: Tochki Zreniya , Edited by: Emel'yanenkov , A. and Popov , V. 67 – 8 . Berlin : H&P Druck .
  • Yakimets , V. 1992 . “A Hundred Test Sites in the Former U.S.S.R.,” . Spasenie , June : 4
  • Vasil'yev , V. G. 1968 . Gas Deposits of the U.S.S.R. 92 – 3 . Moscow
  • Kiselev , A. Ye. and Minner , V. V. 1979 . “Lithologic Composition and Reservoir Properties of the Osin Horizon of the Sredne‐Botuobinsk Field,” . Nauka , : 76 – 82 .
  • Kedrovskiy , O. L. 1980 . On the Exploitation of Oil and Gas Deposits in Low Permeability Reservoirs . Geologiya Nefti i Gaza , : 43 – 46 .
  • Musinov , V. I. 1991 . “Production of Oil and Gas with the Aid of Nuclear Explosions,” . Priroda , : 25 – 33 .
  • Kedrovskiy , O. L. , Lykin , M. C. , Musinov , V. I. and Simkin , Ye. M. 1986 . “A Study of the Influence of the Electrical Field on the Filtration of Oil in a Low Permeability Layer,” . Nefty‐anoe Khozyaistvo , : 45 – 48 .
  • Sultanov , D. D. 1993 . Investigation of Seismic Efficiency of Soviet Peaceful Nuclear Explosion Conducted in Various Geological Conditions , Moscow : Russian Federation Institute for Dynamics of Geospheres . Part 1,
  • Adushkin , V. V. April 1995 . Characteristics of Seismic Waves from Soviet Peaceful Nuclear Explosions in Salt April , UCRL‐CR‐120929,
  • Adushkin , V. V. 1992 . “Overview of the Experimental Data and Theoretical Simulations of Underground Nuclear Explosions Decoupled by Large Air‐Filled Cavities,” . Reports of the Russian Academy of Sciences , 327 ( 1 )
  • Vasil'ev , V. G. 1968 . Gas Deposits in the Soviet Union , 626 – 628 . Moscow : Nedra .
  • Igrevskiy , V. I. and Mangyushev , K. I. 1974 . Prevention and Elimination of Oil and Gas Fountains , Moscow : Nedra .
  • Krikokhatskiy , A. S. 1994 . “On the Results of Nuclear Explosions Carried Out in the Astrakhan Gas Condensate Deposit for the Creation of Underground Storage,” . Bulletin of the Center for Public Information on Atomic Energy , May 6 : 51 – 53 . Moscow,
  • 1982 . Platt's Oilgram News , 60 (214) November 5
  • Kiryukhin , L. G. 1981 . “Characteristics of the Formation of Zones of Regional Highs in the Sub‐Salt Complex of the Pre‐Caspian Depression,” . Petroleum Geology , 19 (4) : 182 – 186 .
  • Benz , H. M. 1992 . “Deep Seismic Sounding in Northern Eurasia,” . EOS , 73 ( 28 ) July 14 : 297 – 300 .
  • Scheimer , J. F. and Borg , I. Y. 1984 . “Deep Seismic Sounding with Nuclear Explosives in the Soviet Union,” . Science , 226 ( 4676 ) November 16 : 787 – 792 .
  • Egorkin , A. V. 1981 . “Studies of Mantle Structure of U.S.S.R. Territory on Long‐Range Seismic Profiles,” . Phys. Earth Planet Int. , 25 : 12
  • Egorkin , A. V. and Kun , V. V. 1978 . Phys. Earth Planet Int. , 14 : 262
  • Vol'vovskiy , I. S. 1973 . Seismic Studies of the Earth's Crust in the U.S.S.R. , Moscow : Nedra .
  • Zverev , S. M. and Kosminskaya , I. P. , eds. 1980 . Seismic Models of the Main Geostruc‐tures of the U.S.S.R. Territory , Moscow : Nauka .
  • Egorkin , A. V. 1987 . “Results of Lithospheric Studies from Long‐Range Profiles in Siberia, Seismic Studies of the Continental Lithosphere,” . Tectonophysics , 140 : 29 – 47 .
  • Ryaboy , V. 1989 . Upper Mantle Structure Studies by Explosion Seismology in the U.S.S.R. , Delphic Press .
  • Bychenkov , V.A. 1973 . “Effect of the Slit Position and Width on the Amount of Rock Crushed by an Explosion,” . Fiziko‐Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Iskopaemykh , : 53 – 58 .
  • Imenitov , V. R. 1973 . “Questions on the Use of Nuclear Explosions for Underground Ore Production,” . Gornyi Zhurnal , : 33 – 36 .
  • 1991 . “Leakage of Radiation after 1974 Explosion on Kola Peninsula,” . U.S.S.R. Today , October 28 : 20
  • Vasil'ev , A. P. , Prikhod'ko , N. K. and Simonenko , V. A. 1991 . “Underground Nuclear Explosions for Improvement of Ecological Conditions,” . Priroda , : 36 – 42 .
  • Wheeler , J. A. 1958 . “Plutonium Breeding, Collection of Materials,” . Industrial Uses of Nuclear Explosives , September 8 : 79 – 81 . UCRL‐5253,
  • Nathans , M. W. 1959 . “Recovery of Isotopes,” . Proceedings of the Second Plowshare Symposium . May 14 1959 . pp. 24 – 32 . Part III, UCRL‐5677,
  • Violet , C. E. 1959 . “Project Gnome,” . Proceedings of the Second Plowshare Symposium . May 14 1959 . pp. 4 – 12 . Part III, UCRL‐5677,
  • 1996 . U.S.S.R. Nuclear Weapons Tests and Peaceful Nuclear Explosions, 1949 through 1990 , Sarov : RFCN‐VNIIEF . ISBM‐85165–062–1,
  • Higgins , G. H. and Butkovich , T. R. February 1967 . Effect of Water Content, Yield, Medium, and Depth of Burst of Cavity Radii , February , Lawrence Livermore Laboratory . UCRL‐ 50203,
  • Krivokhatskiy , Yu. V. 1994 . “Radiation Manifestations of Underground Explosions for Peaceful Purposes at the Bolshoy Azgir Deposit,” . Bulletin of the Center for Public Information on Atomic Energy , 9 ( 93 ) : 49 – 59 . Moscow,
  • Werth , G. and Randolph , P. 1966 . “The SALMON Seismic Experiment,” . J. Geophys. Res. , 71 July : 3405 – 13 .
  • Rawson , D. 1967 . “Review of the SALMON Experiment ‐A Nuclear Explosion in SALT,” . Naturwissenschaften , 54 October : 525 – 31 .
  • Rawson , D. 1966 . “Post‐Explosion Environment resulting from the SALMON Event," . J. Geophys. Res. , 71 July : 3507 – 21 .
  • Glenn , L. A. and Goldstein , P. 1994 . “Seismic Decoupling with Chemical and Nuclear Explosions in Salt,” . J. Geo. Res. , 99 June 10 : 11723 – 30 .
  • 1992 . “Secret Nuclear Test in Donbass Mine Revealed,” . Kiev Radio Ukraine World Service , August 5
  • Goncharov , Viktor and Peteshov , Sergei . 1992 . “The Experiment under Code‐Name “Cleavage:,” . Atom bez Gripha “Sekretno: Tochki Zreniya , : 65 – 67 . Moscow‐Berlin,
  • 1992 . Izvestiya , June 28
  • 1973 . Progress and Problems in Seismic Verification Research , 79 Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency . (TIO‐73–3),
  • 1992 . Nezauisimaya Gazeta , March 5 : 6
  • Black , S. and Morel , B. 1992 . “Rational Disposal of Chemical Weapons,” . Nature , December 17 : 621 – 622 .
  • Klimenko , V. 1995 . “A New Look at the Problems of Weapons of Mass Destruction in Russia and the Newly Independent States,” . Nuclear Control , April : 21
  • 1958 . Conference on the Discontinuance of Nuclear Weapons Tests . December 15 1958 . pp. 11 GEN/DNT PV.25,
  • 1958 . Conference on the Discontinuance of Nuclear Weapons Tests . December 16 1958 . pp. 23 GEN/DNT PV.26,
  • 1958 . ”Control and Reduction,” . Testimony of Edward Teller in Hearings before a Subcommittee of the Senate Committee of Foreign Relations . March 16 1958 .
  • 1958 . Conference on the Discontinuance of Nuclear Weapons Tests . January 30 1958 . pp. 7 GEN/DNT PV.46,
  • 1959 . Conference on the Discontinuance of Nuclear Weapons Tests . February 23 1959 . pp. 30 GEN/DNT PV.60,
  • 1959 . Statement by the United States Representative . Henry Cabot Lodge, to the First Committee of the General Assembly . October 14 1959 . pp. 1945 – 59 . 1,493 DOD .
  • 1961 . Conference on the Discontinuance of Nuclear Weapons Tests . March 21 1961 . pp. 16 – 27 . GEN/DNT PV.274,
  • Seaborg , Glenn T. 1981 . Kennedy, Khrushchev and the Test Ban , 244 Univ. of Calif. Press .
  • Nordyke , M. D. August 23 1971 . Technical Summary of the Third Stage of the Soviet‐American Talks on the Peaceful Uses of Nuclear Explosions August 23 , UCRL‐51113,
  • 1976 . “Development of the Qattara Project, Egypt,” . Peaceful Nuclear Explosions V , November 22–24 IAEA‐TC‐81–5/6,
  • 1970 . Peaceful Nuclear Explosions, Phenomenology and Status Report , March 2–6 1970);
  • 1971 . Peaceful Nuclear Explosions II, Their Practical Application , 19–22 January
  • 1972 . Peaceful Nuclear Explosions III, Applications, Characteristics and Effects , November 27‐December 1
  • 1975 . Peaceful Nuclear Explosions TV , January 20–24
  • 1976 . Peaceful Nuclear Explosions V , November 22–24
  • Smith , R. 1995 . “Possible Nuclear Arms Test by India Concerns ,” . Washington Post , December 16 : A17
  • Gupta , V. and Pabian , F. 1997 . “Investigating the Allegations of Indian Nuclear Test Preparations in the Rajasthan Desert,” . Science Global Security , 6 (2) : 101 – 188 .
  • Hoff , R. W. and Hulet , E. K. 1970 . “The Recovery and Study of Heavy Nuclides in a Nuclear Explosion — The HUTCH Event,” . Engineering with Nuclear Explosives, Proc. ANS Symp. . January 1970 , Las Vegas.
  • Formerly Director, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Center for Studies of Security, Energy and Arms Control, Livermore, California.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.