The Problem with Problem Definition: Mapping the Discursive Terrain of Conservation in Two Pacific Salmon Management Regimes

References

• Albrecht , D. 1990 . Co-management as transaction: The Kuskokwim River Salmon Management Working Group . Montreal , Canada : Department of Anthropology, McGill University .
   Google Scholar
• Cohen , F. 1986 . Treaties on trial . Seattle : University of Washington Press .
   Google Scholar
• Dale , N. 1989 . Getting to co-management: Social learning in the redesign of fisheries management . In Co-operative management of local fisheries , ed. E. Pinkerton , 49 – 72 . Vancouver , Canada : University of British Columbia Press .
   Google Scholar
• Dery , D. 1984 . Problem definition in policy analysis . Lawrence : University Press of Kansas .
   Google Scholar
• Dietz , T. , P. Stern , and R. Rycroft . 1989 . Definitions of conflict and the legitimation of resources: The case of environmental risk . Sociol. Forum 4 : 47 – 70 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Driscoll , D. , A. Appiah-Yeboah , P. Salib , and D. Rupert . 2007 . Merging qualitative and quantitative data in mixed methods research: How to and why not . Ecol. Environ. Anthropol. 3 ( 1 ): 19 – 28 .
   Google Scholar
• Ebbin , S. A. 1996 . The stock concept: Constructing tools for Pacific salmon management . Coastal Manage. 24 : 355 – 364 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ebbin , S. A. 1998 . Emerging cooperative institutions for fisheries management: Equity and empowerment of indigenous peoples of Washington and Alaska . New Haven , CT : Department of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University .
   Google Scholar
• Ebbin , S. A. 2002a . Dividing the waters: Cooperative management and the allocation of Pacific salmon . In The tribes and the states: Geographies of intergovernmental interaction , ed. E. Fouberg and B. Bays , 159 – 180 . Lanham , MD : Rowan and Littlefield .
   Google Scholar
• Ebbin , S. A. 2002b . What's up? The transformation of upstream–downstream relationships on Alaska's Kuskokwim River . Polar Geogr. 26 : 147 – 166 .
   Google Scholar
• Ebbin , S. A. 2004 . Black box production of paper fish: An examination of knowledge construction and validation in fisheries management institutions . Int. Environ. Agreements 4 ( 2 ): 143 – 159 .
   Google Scholar
• Ebbin , S. A. 2005 . The impact of the EEZ on salmon management in the U.S. Pacific Northwest region: An examination of institutional change and vertical interplay . In A sea change: The exclusive economic zone and governance institutions for living marine resources , ed. S. Ebbin , A. Hoel , and A. Sydnes , 78 – 99 . Dordrecht , the Netherlands : Springer Verlag .
   Google Scholar
• Ebbin , S. A. 2009 . Institutional and ethical dimensions of resilience in fishing systems: Perspectives from co-managed fisheries in the Pacific Northwest . Marine Policy 33 ( 2 ): 264 – 270 .
   Google Scholar
• Fienup-Riordan , A. 1990 . Eskimo essays . New Brunswick , NJ : Rutgers University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Finlayson , A. C. 1994 . Fishing for truth . Institute of Social and Economic Research, Social and Economic Studies no. 52 . St. John's , Newfoundland : Memorial University of Newfoundland .
   Google Scholar
• Galbraith , J. K. 1986. Power and organization. In Power , ed. S. Lukes , 211–228. New York : New York University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Gaventa , J. 1982 . Power and powerlessness: Quiescence and rebellion in an Appalachian Valley . Urbana : University of Illinois Press .
   Google Scholar
• Gordon , H. S. 1954 . The economic theory of a common-property resource: The fishery . J. Polit. Econ. 62 : 124 – 142 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hogwood , B. W. , and L. Gunn . 1984 . Policy analysis for the real world . Oxford , UK : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Huxley , T. 1883 . Inaugural address to the International Fisheries Exhibition, London, England. http://math.clarku.edu/huxley/SM5/fish.html (accessed 16 April 2009) .
   Google Scholar
• Korsmo , F. 1990 . Problem definition and the Alaska Natives: Ethnic identity and policy formation . Policy Stud. Rev. 9 : 294 – 306 .
   Google Scholar
• Lindkvist , K. 1981 . Approaches to textual analysis . In Advances in content analysis , ed. K. Rosengren , 23 – 42 . Beverly Hills , CA : Sage .
   Google Scholar
• Morrow , P. , and C. Hensel . 1992 . Hidden dissension: Minority–majority relationships and the use of contested terminology . Arctic Anthropology 29 : 38 – 53 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• National Research Council . 1995 . Upstream: Salmon and society in the Pacific Northwest . Washington , DC : National Academy Press .
   Google Scholar
• Netboy , A. 1974 . The salmon: Their fight for survival . Boston : Houghton Mifflin .
   Google Scholar
• Pete , M. 1993 . Foreword . In Always getting ready Upterrlainarluta , ed. J. H. Barker , 7 – 10 . Seattle : University of Washington Press .
   Google Scholar
• Schon , D. 1983 . The reflective practitioner: How professionals think in action . New York : Basic Books .
   Google Scholar
• Sederberg , P. 1984 . The politics of meaning . Tucson : University of Arizona Press .
   Google Scholar
• Shanks , B. (WDFW Director) . 1997 . Letter (dated September 8, 1997) to the interested public on the effects of the wild salmonid policy in Washington. Attached to Draft Wild Salmonid Policy, Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife and Western Washington Treaty Tribes. Olympia, WA: Western Washington Treaty Tribes and Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife .
   Google Scholar
• Shapiro , I. 1996 . Democracy's place . Ithaca , NY : Cornell University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Thomas , W. I. , and D. S. Thomas . 1928 . The child in America: Behavior problems and programs . New York : Knopf .
   Google Scholar
• United States v. Washington. 1974. 384 F.Supp. 312.
   Google Scholar
• Waples , R. S. , G. Winans , F. Utter , and C. Mahnken . 1990 . Genetic approaches to the management of Pacific salmon . Fisheries 15 : 19 – 25 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Washington Department of Fisheries and Wildlife . 2008 . Hatchery program. http://wdfw.wa.gov/hat/overview.htm (accessed 6 June 2008).
   Google Scholar
• Washington Department of Fisheries and Wildlife and Western Washington Treaty Tribes . 1997 . Policy of Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife and Western Washington Treaty Tribes concerning wild salmonids . Olympia , WA : Western Washington Treaty Tribes and Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife . http://wdfw.wa.gov/fish/wsp/joint/final/finalwsp.pdf (accessed 5 November 2009).
   Google Scholar
• Weber , M. 2002 . From abundance to scarcity: A history of U.S. marine fisheries policy . Washington , DC : Island Press .
   Google Scholar
• Weeks , P. 1995 . Fisher scientists: The reconstruction of scientific discourse . Hum. Organization 54 ( 4 ): 429 – 436 .
   Google Scholar
• Weiss , J. 1989 . The powers of problem definition: The case of government paperwork . Policy Sci. 22 : 97 – 121 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• White , B. 2008 . Alaska Salmon Enhancement Program 2007 annual report. Fishery management report no. 08-03. February. Alaska Department of Fisheries. http://www.sf.adfg.state.ak.us/FedAidPDFs/fmr08-03.pdf (accessed 4 November 2009).
   Google Scholar
• Wilson , D. C. 2003 . Examining the two culture theory of fisheries knowledge: The case of bluefish management . Society Nat. Resources 16 : 491 – 508 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar