Thoracoscopy as a Nonpharmacotherapeutic Research Modification for Limiting Postoperative Chest Pain

References

• Smaje LH, Smith JA, Combes RD, Ewbank R, Gregory JA, Jennings M, Moore GJ, Morton DB. Advancing refnement of laboratory animal use. Lab Anim. 1998;32:137–142.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mulder DS. Pain management principles and anes- thesia techniques for thoracoscopy. Ann Thorac Surg. 1993;56:630–632.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Landreneau RJ, Hazelrigg SR, Mack MJ, Dowling RD, Burke D, Gavlick J, Perrino MK, Ritter PS, Bowers CM, DeRino J, Nunchuck SK, Freeman J, Keenan RJ, Ferson PF. Postoperative pain-related morbidity: Video-assisted thoracic surgery versus thoracotomy. Ann Thorac Surg. 1993;56:1285 –1289.
   Google Scholar
• Gebhard FT, Becker HP, Gerngross H, Bruckner UB. Re- duced inflammatory response in minimal invasive surgery of pneumothorax. Arch Surg. 1996;131:1079 –1082.
   Google Scholar
• Cannon D, Dunlap N, Earle D, Edelman N, Fulton K, Kinkel S, Neubaue r J, Sheller J, Turino G, Wright JR. Update: Future directions for research on diseases of the lung. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1998;158:320 –334.
   Google Scholar
• Flecknell PA. Refnement of animal use—Assessment and alleviation of pain and distress. Lab Anim. 1994;28:222– 231.
   Google Scholar
• Smith JD, Allen SW, Quandt JE. Changes in cortisol con- centration in response to stress and postoperative pain in client-owned cats and correlation with objective clinical variables. Am J Vet Res. 1999;60:432–436.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taylor, PM. Effects of surgery on endocrine and metabolic responses to anesthesia in horses and ponies. Res Vet Sci. 1998;64:133 –140.
   Google Scholar
• Farabollini F, Facchinetti F, Lupo C, Carli G. Time-course of opioid and pituitary-adrenal hormone modifcations during the immobility reaction in rabbits. Physiol Behav. 1990;47:337 –341.
   Google Scholar
• Hanhel a R, Hollmen A, Huttunen P, Hirvonen J. Plasma cat- echolamines, corticosterone, glucose and fatty acids con- centrations and mean arterial pressure and body temper- ature in haemorrhagic hypovolaemia, hypothermia and a combination of these in the rabbit. Acta Physiol Scand. 1990;139:441 –449.
   Google Scholar
• Roth-Isigkeit A, Brechmann J, Dibbelt L, Sievers HH, Raasch W, Schmucker P. Persistent endocrine stress re- sponse in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. J En- docrinol Invest. 1998;21:12–19.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Flecknell PA, Kirk AJ, Liles JH, Hayes PH, Dark JH. Post- operative analgesia following thoracotomy in the dog: An evaluation of the effects of bupivacaine intercostal nerve block and nalbuphine on respiratory function. Lab Anim. 1991;25:319 –324.
   Google Scholar
• Liles JH, Flecknell PA. A comparison of the effects of buprenorphine, carprofen and flunixin following laparo- tomy in rats. J Vet Pharmacol Ther. 1994;17:284 –290.
   Google Scholar
• Morton DB, Griffths PHM. Guidelines on the recog- nition of pain, distress and discomfort in experimen- tal animals and an hypothesis for assessment. Vet Rec. 1985;166:431 –436.
   Google Scholar
• Pereira AL, Guinsburg R, de Almeida MF, Monteiro AC, dos Santos AM, Kopelman BI. Validity of behavioral and physiologic parameters for acute pain assessment of term newborn infants. Rev Paul Med. 1999;117:72 –80.
   Google Scholar
• Simpson RM, Schmidt Hubbard B, Zhao TM, Kindt TJ. Ex- perimental perinatal transmission of human immunodef- ciency virus type 1 by passage of infected T cells. J Infect Dis. 1997;175:1337 –1343.
   Google Scholar
• Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources (U.S.) Commit- tee on Pain and Distress in Laboratory Animals. National Research Council. Recognition and Alleviation of Pain and Distress in Laboratory Animals. Washington, DC: National Academy Press; 1992:32–52.
   Google Scholar
• Bailar JC, Mosteller F. Medical Uses of Statistics, 2nd ed. Boston: Massachusetts Medical Society; 1992:181– 201.
   Google Scholar
• Brenner M, Shankel T, Waite TA, Hamilton A, Bendsza D, Wang NS, Milner T, Roeck W, Tadir Y, Tromberg B, Wilson AF, Berns MW. Animal model for thoracoscopic laser ab- lation of emphysematous pulmonary bullae. Lasers Surg Med. 1996;18:191 –196.
   Google Scholar
• Perret-Gentil MI, Sinanan MN, Dennis MB, Horgan S, Weyhrich JT, Anderson DM, Hudda K. Videoendoscopy: An effective and effcient way to perform multiple visceral biopsies in small animals. J Invest Surg. 1999;12:157 –165.
   Google Scholar
• Pibarot P, Dupuis J, Grisneaux E, Cuvelliez S, Plante J, Beauregard G, Bonneau NH, Bouffard J, Blais D. Compar- ison of ketoprofen, oxymorphone hydrochloride, and bu- torphanol in the treatment of postoperative pain in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1997;211:438 –444.
   Google Scholar
• Smith JD, Allen SW, Quandt JE, Tackett RL. Indicators of postoperative pain in cats and correlation with clinical cri- teria. Am J Vet Res. 1996;57:1674 –1678.
   Google Scholar
• Walsh PJ, Remedios AM, Ferguson JF, Walker DD, Cantwell S, Duke T. Thoracoscopic versus open partial pericardectomy in dogs: Comparison of postoperative pain and morbidity. Vet Surg. 1999;28:472–479.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Owens JG, Kamerling SG, Barker SA. Pharmacokinetics of ketoprofen in healthy horses and horses with acute synovitis. J Vet Pharmacol Ther. 1995;18:187–195.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Satterwhite JH, Boudinot FD. Pharmacokinetics of keto- profen in rats: Effect of age and dose. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 1992;13:197 –212.
   Google Scholar
• Landoni MF, Cunningha m FM, Lees P. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic s of ketoprofen in calves applying PK/PD modeling. J Vet Pharmacol Ther. 1995;18:315 –324.
   Google Scholar
• Cabre F, Fernandez F, Zapatero MI, Arano A, Garcia ML, Mauleon D. Intestinal ulcerogenic effect of S(C)- ketoprofen in the rat. J Clin Pharmacol. 1998;38:27S– 32S.
   Google Scholar
• Weigler BJ. Justifying the number of animals in IACUC proposals. Contemp Topics Lab Anim Sci. 1995;34:47– 50.
   Google Scholar