REFERENCES
- Holzheimer R G, Gross J, Schein M.. Pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine-response in abdominal aortic aneurysm repair: A clinical model of ischemia-reperfusion. Shock.. 1999; 11: 305–310. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Oberholzer A, Oberholzer C, Moldawer L L.. Cytokine signaling—Regulation of the immune response in normal and critically ill states. Crit Care Med.. 2000; 28: 3–12
- Yaffe M B, Fink M P.. Cellular signaling in critical care—Putting the pieces together. Crit Care Med.. 2000; 28: 1–2
- Hu Y, Cheng L, Hochleitner B W, Xu O.. Activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (ERK/JNK) and AP-1 transcription factor in rat carotid arteries after balloon injury. Arterioscler Thrombos Vasc Biol.. 1997; 17: 2808–2816
- Mendez C, Jaffray C, Wong V, Salhab K F, Kramer A A, Carey L C, Norman J G.. Involvement of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in the induction of tolerance to hemorrhagic and endotoxic shock. J Surg Res.. 2000; 91: 165–170. [CROSSREF], [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Junger W G, Hoyt D B, Hamreus M, Liu F C, Herdon-Remelius C, Junger W, Altman A.. Hypertonic saline activates protein tyrosine kinases and mitogen-activated protein kinase p38 in T-cells. J Trauma.. 1997; 42: 437–445. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Sun Z, Andersson R.. NF-κ B Activation and inhibition: A review. Shock.. 2002; 18: 99–106. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Carter A B, Monick M M, Hunninghake G W.. Both Erk and p38 are necessary for cytokine gene transcription. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol.. 1999; 20: 751–758. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Boyle E M, Jr., Pohlman T H, Johnson M C, Verrier E D.. Endotheral cell injury in cardiovascular surgery: The systemic inflammatory response. Ann Thorac Surg.. 1997; 63: 277–284. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Steenbergen C.. The role of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury: Relationship to ischemia preconditioning. Basic Res Cardiol.. 2002; 97: 276–285. [CROSSREF], [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Obata T, Brown G E, Yaffe M B.. MAP Kinase pathways activated by stress: The p38 MAPK pathway. Crit Care Med.. 2000; 28: 67–77
- Ma X L, Kumar S, Gao F, Louden C S, Lopez B L, Christopher T A, et al, Inhibition of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase decreases cardiomyocyte apoptosis and improves cardiac function after myocardial ishemia and reperfusion. Circulation.. 1999; 99: 1685–1691. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Mackay K, Mochly-Rosen D.. An inhibitor of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase protects neonatal cardiac myocytes from ischemia. J Biol Chem.. 1999; 274: 6272–6279. [CROSSREF], [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Amersi F, Shen X D, Anselmo D, Melinek J, Iyer S, Southard D J, et al, Ex vivo exposure to carbon monoxide prevents hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury through p38 MAP kinase pathway. Hepatology.. 2002; 35: 815–823. [CROSSREF], [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Kobayashi M, Takeyoshi I, Yoshinari D, Matsumoto K, Morishita Y.. P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibition attenuates ischemia-reperfusion injury of the rat liver. Surgery.. 2002; 131: 344–349. [CROSSREF], [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Teoh N, Pena A D, Farrell G.. Hepatic ischemia preconditioning in mice is associated with activation of NF-κ B, p38 kinase, and cell cycle entry. Hepatology.. 2002; 36: 94–102. [CROSSREF], [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Lennmyr F.. Signal transduction in focal cerebral ischemia: Experimental studies on VEGF, MAPK and Src family kinases. 2002, http://publications.uu.se/theses/fulltext/91--554-5267--1.pdf. (2002–08-08).
- Mannick J A, Rodrick M L, Lederer J A.. The immunologic response to injury. J Am Coll Surg.. 2001; 193: 237–244. [CROSSREF], [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Martinez-Mier G, Toledo-Pereya L H, Ward P A.. Adhesion molecules and hemorrhagic shock. J Trauma.. 2001; 51: 408–415. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Rehring T F, Brew E C, Friese R S, Banergee A, Harken A H.. Clinically accessible cell signaling: Second messengers in sepsis and trauma. J surg res.. 1996; 60: 270–277. [CROSSREF], [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Hoyt D B.. What's new in general surgery: Trauma and critical care. J Am Coll Surg.. 2002; 194: 335–351. [CROSSREF], [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Martinez-Mier G, Toledo-Pereyra L H, Ward P A.. Adhesion molecules in liver ischemia and reperfusion. J Surg Res.. 2000; 94: 185–194. [CROSSREF], [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Pombo C M, Bonventre J V, Avruch J, Woodgett J R, Kyriakis J M.. The stress-activated protein kinases are major c-Jun amino-terminal kinases activated by ischemia and reperfusion. J Biol Chem.. 1994; 269: 26546–26551. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- di, Mari J F, Davis R, Safirstein R L.. MAPK activation determines renal epithelial cell survival during oxidative injury. Am J Physiol. 1999; 277: F195–203. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Sodhi C P, Batlle D, Sahai A.. Osteopontin mediates hypoxia-induced proliferation of cultured mesangial cells: Role of PKC and p38 MAPK. Kidney Int.. 2000; 58: 691–700. [CROSSREF], [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Martinez-Mier G, Toledo-Pereyra L H, McDuffie J E, Warner R L, Hsiao C, Stapleton S R, Ward P A.. Exogenous nitric oxide downregulates MIP-2 and MIP-1 alpha chemokines and MAPK p44/42 after ischemia and reperfusion of the rat kidney. J Invest Surg.. 2002; 15: 287–296. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Knight R J, Buxton D B.. Stimulation of c-Jun kinase and mitogen-activated protein kinase by ischemia and reperfusion in the perfused rat heart. Biochem Biophys Res Commun.. 1996; 218: 83–89. [CROSSREF], [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Bogoyevitch M A, Gillespie-Brown J, Ketterman A J, Fuller S J, Ben-Levy R, Ashworth A, Marshall C J, Sugden P H.. Stimulation of the stress-activated mitogen-activated protein kinase subfamilies in rerfused heart. P38/RK mitogen-activiated protein kinases and c-jun N-terminal kinases are activated by ischemia/reperfusion. Circ Res.. 1996; 79: 162–173. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Mizukami Y, Yoshioka K, Morimoto S, Yoshida K.. A novel mechanism of JNK1 activation. Nuclear translocation and activation of JNK1 during ischemia and reperfusion. J Biol Chem.. 1997; 272: 16657–16662. [CROSSREF], [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Weinbrenner C, Liu G S, Cohen M V, Downey J M.. Phosphorylation of tyrosine 182 of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase correlates with the protection of preconditioning in the rabbit heart. J Mol Cell Cardiol.. 1997; 29: 16657–16662
- Clerk A, Fuller S J, Micahel A, Sugden P H.. Stimulation of “stress-regulated” mitogen-activiated protein kinases (stress-activated protein kinases/c-Jun N-terminal kinases and p38-mitogen-activated protein kinases) in perfused rat hearts by oxidative and other stresses. J Biol Chem.. 1998; 273: 7228–7234. [CROSSREF], [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Shimizu N, Yoshiyama M, Omura T, Hanatani A, Kim S, Takeuchi K, Iwao H, Yoshikawa J.. Activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases and activator protein-1 in myocardial infarction in rats. Cardiovasc Res.. 1998; 38: 116–124. [CROSSREF], [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Nagarkatti D S, Sha'afi R I.. Role of p38 MAP kinase in myocardial stress. J Mol Cell Cardiol.. 1998; 30: 1651–1664. [CROSSREF], [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Cain B S, Meldrum D R, Meg X, Dinarello C A, Chames B D, Banejee A, Harken A H.. p38 MAPK inhibition decreases TNF-alpha production and enhances postischemic human myocardial function. J Surg Res.. 1999; 83: 7–12. [CROSSREF], [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Pin P, Zhang J, Cao X, Li R C, Kong D, Tang X L, Qiu Y, Manchikalapudi S, Auchampach J A, Black R G, Bolli R.. PKC-dependent activation of p44/p42 MAPKs during myocardial ischemia–reperfusion in conscious rabbits. Am J Physiol. 1999; 276(pt2)H1468–1481
- Nakano A, Baines C P, Kim S O, Pelech S L, Downey J M, Cohen M V, Critz S D.. Ischemic preconditioning activation MAPKAPK2 in the isolated rabbit heart: Evidence for involvement of p38MAPK. Circ Res.. 2000; 77: 559–567
- Abe J, Baines C P, Berk B C.. Role of mitogen-activated protein kinases in ischemia and reperfusion injury: The good and the bad. Circ Res.. 2000; 86: 692–699
- Negoro S, Kunisada K, Tone E, Funamoto M, Oh H, Kishimoto T, Yamuchi-Takihara K.. Activation of JAK/STAT pathway tranduces cytoprotective signal in rat acute myocardial infarction. Cardiovasc Res.. 2000; 47: 797–805. [CROSSREF], [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Tekin D, Xi L, Zhao T, Tejero-Taldo M I, Atluri S, Kukreja R C.. Mitogen-activated protein kinases mediate heat shock-induced delayed protection in mouse heart. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2001; 281: :H523–H532. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Schulz R, Belosjorow S, Gres P, Jansen J, Michel M C, Heusch G.. p38 MAP kinase is a mediator of ischemic preconditioning in pigs. Cardiovasc Res.. 2002; 55: 690–700. [CROSSREF], [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Otsu K, Yamashita N, Nishida K, Hirotani S, Yamaguchi O, Watanabe T, Hikoso S, Higuchi Y, Matsumura Y, Maruyama M, Sudo T, Osada H, Hori M.. Disruption of a single copy of the p38alpha MAP kinase gene leads to cardioprotection against ischemia–reperfusion. Biochem Biophys Res Commun.. 2003; 302: 56–60. [CROSSREF], [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Sturgill T W, Ray L B.. Muscle proteins related to microtubule associated protein-2 are substrates for an insulin-stimulated kinase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun.. 1986; 134: 565–571. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Kyriakis J M, Avruch J.. S6 kinases and MAP kinases: Sequential intermediates in insulin/mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades. Woodgett J R. Protein Kinases. New York, Oxford University Press. 1994; 85–148
- Kyriakis J M.. Mammalian MAP kinase pathways. Woodgett J. Protein Kinase Functions. New York, Oxford University Press. 2000; 40–158
- Manning A M, Rao A.. Agents targeting transcription factors. Gallin J I. Inflammation. Philadelphia, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 1999; 1159–1176
- Rosengart M R, Arbabi S, Garcia I, et al, Interactions of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinases (CaMK) and extracellular-regulated kinase (ERK) in monocyte adherence and TNF alpha production. Shock.. 2000; 13: 183–189. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Vaagenes P, Gundersen Y, Myhre O, Andersen J M, et al, Early treatment with hydrocortisone and/or U0126 inhibits the synthesis of reactive oxygen species (ROS) after gunshot injuries in pigs. Prehosp Disast Med.. 2002; 17
- Gosh S, Karin M.. Missing pieces in the NF-KB puzzle. Cell.. 2002; 109: 581–596
- Shackelford D A, Yeh R Y.. Differential effects of ischemia and reperfusion on c-Jun N-terminal kinase isoform protein and activity. Mol Brain Res.. 2001; 94: 178–192. [CROSSREF], [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Han J, Lee J D, Bibbs L, Ulevitch R J.. A MAP kinase targeted by endotoxin and hyperosmolarity in mammalian cells. Science.. 1994; 265: 808–811. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Bruggen T, Nijenhuis S, Raaij E, Verhoef J, Asbeck B S.. Lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor alpha production by human monocytes involves the Raf-1/MEK1-MEK2/ERK1-ERK2 pathway. Infect Immun.. 1999; 67: 3824–3829. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Keane M P, Strieter R M.. Chemokine signaling in inflammation. Crit Care Med.. 2000; 28: 13–26
- Yoshinari D, Takeyoshi I, Koibuchi Y, Matsumoto K, et al, Effects of a dual inhibitor of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1 on lipopolysaccharide-induced lung injury in rats: Involvement of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. Crit Care Med.. 2001; 29: 628–634. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Sheth K, Friel J, Nolan B, Bankey P.. Inhibition of p38 mitogen activated protein kinase increases lipopolysaccharide induced inhibition of apoptosis in neurophils by activating extracellular signal-regulated kinase. Surgery.. 2001; 130: 242–248. [CROSSREF], [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Park H J, Kim B C, Kim S J, Choi K S.. Role of MAP kinases and their cross-talk in TGF-β 1-induced apoptosis in FaO rat hepatoma cell line. Hepatology.. 2002; 35: 1360–1371. [CROSSREF], [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Gupta S.. Molecular steps of tumor necrosis factor receptor-mediated apoptosis. Curr Mol Med.. 2001; 1: 317–324. [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Swartbol P, Truedsson L, Norgren L.. The inflammatory response and its consequence for the clinical outcome following aortic aneurysm repair. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg.. 2001; 21: 393–400. [CROSSREF], [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Khadaroo R G, Lu Z, Powers K A, Papia G, Kapus A, Rotstein O D.. Impaired activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases after hemorrhagic shock. Surgery.. 2002; 132: 360–364. [CROSSREF], [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Marcizin N, Bundy R E, Hoare G S, Yacoub M.. Redox regulation following cardiac ischemia and perferusion. Coronary Artery Dis.. 2003; 14: 123–133