Reflections on Migration through Film: Screening of an Anthropological Documentary on Indian Youth in London

REFERENCES

• Banks, Marcus 1992 Which Films are the Ethnographic Films? Film as Ethnography. Peter I. Crawford and David Turton eds. Pp. 116–129. Chicago: University of Chicago Press; Manchester: University of Manchester Press.
   Google Scholar
• 1996 Constructing the Audience through Ethnography. In The Construction of the Viewer: Media Ethnography and the Anthropology of Audiences. Peter I. Crawford and Sigurjón Baldur Hafsteinsson eds. Pp. 118–134. Hjøbjerg: Intervention Press, in association with the Nordic Anthropological Film Association.
   Google Scholar
• 2001 Visual Methods in Social Research. London and Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Barbash, Ilisa, and Lucien Taylor 1997 Cross-Cultural Filmmaking: A Handbook for Making Documentary and Ethnographic Films and Videos. Berkeley and London: University of California Press.
   Google Scholar
• Baudry, Pierre 1996 Happy Tapes. In The Construction of the Viewer: Media Ethnography and the Anthropology of Audiences. Peter I. Crawford and Sigurjón Baldur Hafsteinsson eds. Pp. 150–162. Hjøbjerg: Intervention Press, in association with the Nordic Anthropological Film Association.
   Google Scholar
• Clayman, Steven E. 1993 Booing: The Anatomy of a Disaffiliative Response. American Sociological Review, 58(1): 110–130.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crawford, Peter I., and Sigurjón Baldur Hafsteinsson 1996 The Construction of the Viewer: Media Ethnography and the Anthropology of Audiences. Hjøbjerg: Intervention Press, in association with the Nordic Anthropological Film Association.
   Google Scholar
• De Maaker, Erik 2000 Integrating Ethnographic Research and Filmmaking: Video Elicitation for a Performance-Oriented Analysis of the Teyyam Ritual. Visual Anthropology, 13(2): 185–197.
   Google Scholar
• Engelbrecht, Beate 1996 For Whom Do We Produce?. In The Construction of the Viewer: Media Ethnography and the Anthropology of Audiences. Peter I. Crawford and Sigurjón Baldur Hafsteinsson eds. Pp. 163–176. Hjøbjerg: Intervention Press, in association with the Nordic Anthropological Film Association.
   Google Scholar
• Fernandes, Leela, and Patrick Heller 2006 Hegemonic Aspirations: New Middle Class Politics and India's Democracy in Comparative Perspective. Critical Asian Studies, 38(4): 495–522.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ganguli-Scrase, Ruchira, and Tim J. Scrase 2009 Globalisation and the Middle Classes in India: The Social and Cultural Impact of Neoliberal Reforms. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Hall, Stuart 1973 Encoding and Decoding in the Television Discourse. Vol. 7. Stenciled Papers. Birmingham: Centre for Cultural Studies, University of Birmingham.
   Google Scholar
• [1980] 2005 Encoding/Decoding. In Culture, Media, Language. Stuart Hall Dorothy Hobson Andrew Lowe and Paul Willis eds. Pp. 117–127. London: Hutchinson.
   Google Scholar
• Henley, Paul 2000 Ethnographic Film: Technology, Practice and Anthropological Theory. Visual Anthropology, 13(2): 207–226.
   Google Scholar
• 2004 Putting Film to Work: Observational Cinema as Practical Ethnography. Working Images—Methods and Media in Ethnographic Research. Sarah Pink and László Kürti eds. Pp. 109–130. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• 2013 Thick Inscription and the Unwitting Witness: Reading the Films of Alfred Haddon and Baldwin Spencer. Visual Anthropology, 26(5): 383–429.
   Google Scholar
• Hnatkovska, Viktoria, and Amartya Lahiri 2013 The Rural-Urban Divide in India. Working paper. International Growth Centre (ICG), London School of Economics and Political Science. http://www.theigc.com
   Google Scholar
• Hockings, Paul ed. 2003 Principles of Visual Anthropology. 3rd edn. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter.
   Google Scholar
• Jeffrey, Craig 2010 Timepass: Youth, Class, and Time among Unemployed Young Men in India. American Ethnologist, 37(3): 465–481.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jensen, Klaus Bruhn, and Karl Erik Rosengren 1990 Five Traditions in Search of the Audience. European Journal of Communication, 5(2): 207–238.
   Google Scholar
• Jhala, Jayasinhji 1996 The Unintended Audience. In The Construction of the Viewer: Media Ethnography and the Anthropology of Audiences. Peter I. Crawford and Sigurjón Baldur Hafsteinsson eds. Pp. 207–228. Hjøbjerg: Intervention Press, in association with the Nordic Anthropological Film Association.
   Google Scholar
• Kofman, Eleonore 2004 Gendered Global Migrations. International Feminist Journal of Politics, 6(4): 643–665.
   Google Scholar
• Lewis, E. Douglas 2004 Timothy Asch and Ethnographic Film. London and New York: Psychology Press.
   Google Scholar
• MacDougall, David 1978 Ethnographic Film: Failure and Promise. Annual Review of Anthropology, 7: 405–425.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• 1998 Transcultural Cinema. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Martinez, Wilton 1992 Who Constructs Anthropological Knowledge? Toward a Theory of Ethnographic Film Spectatorship. Film as Ethnography. Peter I. Crawford and David Turton eds. Pp. 131–161. Chicago: University of Chicago Press; Manchester: University of Manchester Press.
   Google Scholar
• 1995 The Challenges of a Pioneer: Tim Asch, Otherness, and Film Reception. Visual Anthropology Review, 11(1): 53–82.
   Google Scholar
• 1996 Deconstructing the ‘Viewer': From Ethnography of the Visual to Critique of the Occult. In The Construction of the Viewer: Media Ethnography and the Anthropology of Audiences. Peter I. Crawford and Sigurjón Baldur Hafsteinsson eds. Pp. 69–100. Højbjerg: Intervention Press, in association with the Nordic Anthropological Film Association.
   Google Scholar
• Moores, Shaun 2000 Interpreting Audiences. The Ethnography of Media Consumption. London, Thousand Oaks and New Delhi: Sage Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Morley, David 1980 The ‘Nationwide’ Audience: Structure and Decoding. London: British Film Institute.
   Google Scholar
• 1981 Interpreting Television: A Case Study. In U203 Popular Culture, unit 12. Pp. 40–68. Milton Keynes: Open University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Nijland, Dirk 1989 Schaduwen en werkelijkheid: Cultureel bepaald kennen, waarnemen, nonverbaal communiceren en onderzoek daarvan via de terugvertoning van de etnografische film “Tobelo marriage.” Leiden: Rijksuniversiteit Leiden; Ph.D. dissertation in Anthropology.
   Google Scholar
• Pink, Sarah 2006 Doing Visual Ethnography: Images, Media and Representation in Research. London, Thousand Oaks and New Delhi: Sage Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Postma, Metje and Peter I. Crawford (eds.) 2006 Reflecting Visual Ethnography: Using the Camera in Anthropological Research. Leiden and Hjøbjerg: CNWS Publications and Intervention Press.
   Google Scholar
• Ruby, Jay 2000 Picturing Culture: Explorations of Film & Anthropology. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
   Google Scholar
• 2005 The Last 20 Years of Visual Anthropology—a Critical Review. Visual Studies, 20(2): 159–170.
   Google Scholar
• Rutten, Mario 1995 Farms and Factories: Social Profile of Large Farmers and Rural Industrialists in West India. New Delhi: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Rutten, Mario, and Pravin J. Patel 2003 Indian Migrants in Britain. Mirror Image of Social Linkages between Gujarat and London. Asia Europe Journal, 1(3): 403–417.
   Google Scholar
• Rutten, Mario, and Sanderien Verstappen 2014 Middling Migration: Contradictory Mobility Experiences of Indian Youth in London. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 40(8): 1217–1235.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shah, Amita 2010 Land Degradation and Migration in a Dry Land Region in India: Extent, Nature and Determinants. Environment and Development Economics, 15: 173–196.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shah, Ghanshyam 1992 Gujarati. In Encyclopedia of World Cultures, 3: 89–92. David Levinson and Paul Hockings eds. Boston: G.K. Hall.
   Google Scholar
• Shively, JoEllen 1992 Cowboys and Indians: Perceptions of Western Films among American Indians and Anglos. American Sociological Review, 57(6): 725–734.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sobchack, Vivian 1999 Toward a Phenomenology of Nonfictional Film Experience. In Collecting Visible Evidence. Jane M. Gaines and Michael Renov eds. Pp. 241–254. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
   Google Scholar
• Srinivas, Lakshmi 1998 Active Viewing: An Ethnography of the Indian Film Audience. Visual Anthropology, 11(4): 323–353.
   Google Scholar
• 2002 The Active Audience: Spectatorship, Social Relations and the Experience of Cinema in India. Media, Culture and Society, 24: 155–173.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tambs-Lyche, Harald, and Kjellaug Waage 1984 Intimacy, Recognition and Nausea: Reflections on the Perception of Ethnographic Film by Norwegian Youth. CVA Review, 1984 (Fall): 31–33.
   Google Scholar
• Torresan, Angela 2011 RoundTrip: Filming a Return Home. Visual Anthropology Review, 27(2): 119–130.
   Google Scholar
• Upadhya, Carol 2011 Software and the ‘New’ Middle Class in the ‘New India.’ In Elite and Everyman: The Cultural Politics of the Indian Middle Classes. Amita Baviskar and Raka Ray eds. Pp. 167–192. New Delhi: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Vávrová, Daniela 2014 Cinema in the Bush. Visual Anthropology, 27(1–2): 25–44.
   Google Scholar
• Verstappen, Sanderien, and Mario Rutten 2007 Bollywood and the Indian Diaspora: Reception of Indian Cinema among Hindustani Youth in the Netherlands. In Global Indian Diasporas. Exploring Trajectories of Migration and Theory. Gijsbert Oonk ed. Pp. 211–233. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Wessel, M. van 2001 Modernity and Identity: An Ethnography of Moral Ambiguity and Negotations in an Indian Middle Class. Amsterdam: University of Amsterdam, Ph.D. dissertation in Anthropology.
   Google Scholar
• Wogan, Peter 2006 Laughing at ‘First Contact': Audience Reception and Ethnographic Film. Visual Anthropology Review, 22(1): 14–34.
   Google Scholar
• Asch, Timothy, and Napoleon Chagnon 1971 A Man Called “Bee”: Studying the Yanomamö. Watertown, MA: Documentary Educational Resources; color, 40 mins.
   Google Scholar
• 1975 The Ax Fight. Watertown, MA: Documentary Educational Resources; color, 30 mins.
   Google Scholar
• Connolly, Bob, and Robin Anderson 1983 First Contact. New York: Filmmakers Library; color, 54 mins.
   Google Scholar
• Connor, Linda, Patsy Asch, and Timothy Asch 1980 Jero on Jero: A Balinese Trance Seance Observed. Watertown, MA: Documentary Educational Resources; color, 17 mins.
   Google Scholar
• 1980–81 A Balinese Trance Seance. Watertown, MA: Documentary Educational Resources; color, 30 mins.
   Google Scholar
• Harris, Hilary, and Robbert Gardner 1971 The Nuer. Cambridge, MA: Film Study Center at Harvard University; Watertown, MA: Documentary Educational Resources; color, 71 mins.
   Google Scholar
• Verstappen, Sanderien, Mario Rutten, and Isabelle Makay 2011 Living like a Common Man. Amsterdam: University of Amsterdam; distributed by the filmmakers; color, 65 mins.
   Google Scholar