Oncogenes and Tumor Suppressor Genes in the Carcinogenicity of Fibers and Particles

References

• Baas, P., Schouwink, H., and Zoetmulder, F.A.N. 1998. Malignant pleural mesothelioma. Ann. Oncol. 9:139–149.
   Google Scholar
• Bartkova, J., Lukas, J., Goldberg, P., Alsner, J., Kirkin, A.F., Zeuthen, J., and Bartek, J. 1996. The p16-cyclin D/Cdk4-pRb pathway as a functional unit frequently altered in melanoma pathogenesis. Cancer Res. 56:5475–5483.
   Google Scholar
• Bianchi, A.B., Mitsunaga, S.-I., Cheng, J. Q., Klein, W.M., Jhanwar, S.C., Seizinger, B., Kely, N., Klein-Szanto, A.J.P., and Testa, J. R. 1995. High frequency of inactivating mutations in the neurofibromatosis type 2 gene (NF2) in primary malignant mesotheliomas. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92:10854–10858.
   Google Scholar
• Cheng, J. Q., Jhanwar, S. C., Klein, W. M., Bell, D. W., Lee, W.-C., Altomare, D. A., Noboro, T., Olopade, O. I., Buckler, A. J., and Testa, J. R. 1994. p16 Alterations and deletion mapping of 9p21–p22 in malignant mesothelioma. Cancer Res. 54:5547–5551.
   Google Scholar
• Cheng, J. Q., Lee, W.-C., Klein, M. A., Cheng, G. Z., Jhanwar, S. C., and Testa, J.R. 1999. Frequent mutations of NF2 and allelic loss from chromosome band 22q12 in malignant mesothelioma: Evidence for a two-hit mechanism of NF2 inactivation. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 24:238–242.
   Google Scholar
• Colby, T. V., Koss, N. N., and Travis, W. D. 1994. Tumors of the lower respiratory tract. In Atlas of tumor pathology, 3rd series, fascicle 13, pp. 31–48. Washington, DC: Armed Forces Institute of Pathology.
   Google Scholar
• Cordon-Cardo, C. 1995. Mutation of cell cycle regulators: Biological and clinical implications for human neoplasia. Am. J. Pathol. 147:545–560.
   Google Scholar
• Fearon, E. R. 1997. Human cancer syndromes: clues to the origin and nature of cancer. Science 278:1043–1050.
   Google Scholar
• Franklin, W. A., Gazdar, A. F., Haney, J., Wistuba, I.I., La Rosa, F. G., Kennedy, T., Ritchey, D. M., and Miller, Y. E. 1997. Widely dispersed p53 mutation in respiratory epithelium: A novel mechanism for field carcinogenesis. J. Clin. Invest. 100:2133–2137.
   Google Scholar
• Hecht, S.S. 1999. Tobacco smoke carcinogens and lung cancer. JNCI 91:1994–1210.
   Google Scholar
• Heineman, E. F., Bernstein, L., Stark, A. D., and Spirtus, R. 1996. Mesothelioma, asbestos, and reported history of cancer in first-degree relatives. Cancer 77:549–554.
   Google Scholar
• Hisada, M., Garber, J. E., Fung, C. Y., Fraumeni, J. F., Jr., and Li, F. P. 1998. Multiple primary cancers in families with Li-Fraumeni syndrome. JNCI 90:606–611.
   Google Scholar
• Husgafvel-Pursianinen, K., Hackman, P., Ridanpaa, M., Anttila, S., Karjalainen, A., Partanen, T., Taikma-Aho, O., Heikkila, L., and Vainio, H. 1993. K-ras mutations in human adenocarcinoma of the lung, association with smoking and occupational exposure to asbestos. Int. J. Cancer 53:250–256.
   Google Scholar
• Husgafvel-Pursianen, K., Kannio, A., Oksu, P., Suitiala, T., Koskinen, H., Partanen, R., Hemminki, K., Smith, S., Rosenstock-Leibu, R., and Brandt-Rau, P. W. 1997. Mutations, tissue accumulations, and serum levels of p53 in patients with occupational cancers from asbestos and silica exposure. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 30:224–230.
   Google Scholar
• Husgafvel-Pursiainen, K., Karjalainen, A., Kannio, A., Anttila, S., Partanen, T., Ojajärvi, A., and Vainio, H. 1999. Lung cancer and past occupational exposure to asbestos: Role of p53 and K-ras mutations. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 20:667–674.
   Google Scholar
• IARC. 1987. Overall evaluations of carcinogenicity: An updating of IARC monographs volumes 1 to 42. IARC Monogr. Eval. Carcinogen. Risks Hum. Suppl. 7:106–117, 203.
   Google Scholar
• IARC. 1997. Silica, some silicates, coal dust and para-aramid fibrils. IARC Monogr. Eval. Carcinogen. Risks Hum. 68:441.
   Google Scholar
• Kafiri, G., Thomas, D. M., Shepherd, N. A., Krausz, T., Lane, D.P., and Hall, P.A. 1992. p53 expression is common in malignant mesothelioma. Histopathology 21:331–334.
   Google Scholar
• Kane, A. B. 1996. Mechanisms of mineral fibre carcinogenesis. In Mechanisms of fibre carcinogenesis (IARC Scientific Publ. No. 140), eds. A.B. Kane, P. Boffetta, R. Saracci, and J.D. Wilbourn, pp. 11–34. Lyon: International Agency for Research on Cancer.
   Google Scholar
• Kane, A. B. 1998. Animal models of malignant mesothelioma. In Environmental and occupational medicine, 3rd ed., ed. W. N. Rom, pp. 377–387. Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven.
   Google Scholar
• Katabami, M., Dosaka-Akita, H., Honma, K., Kimura, K., Fujino, M., Uchida, Y., Mikami, H., Ohsaki, Y., Kawakami, Y., and Kikuchi, K. 1998. p53 And bcl-2 expression in pneumoconiosis-related pre-cancerous lesions and lung cancers: Frequent and preferential p53 expression in pneumoconiotic bronchiolar dysplasias. Int. J. Cancer 75:504–511.
   Google Scholar
• Lechner, J. F., Tesfaigzi, J., and Gerwin, B. I. 1997. Oncogenes and tumor-suppressor genes in mesothelioma-A synopsis. Environ. Health Perspect. 105(suppl. 5):1061–1067.
   Google Scholar
• Lengauer, C., Kinzler, K. W., and Vogelstein, B. 1998. Genetic instabilities in human cancers. Nature 396:643–649.
   Google Scholar
• Marchand, L. L., Sivaraman, L., Pierce, L., Seifried, A., Lum, A., Wilkens, L. R., and Lau, A. F. 1998. Associations of CYP1A1, CSTM1, and CYP2E1 polymorphisms with lung cancer suggest cell type specificities to tobacco carcinogens. Cancer Res. 58:4858–4863.
   Google Scholar
• Mayall, F. G., Goddard, H., and Gibbs, A. R. 1993. The frequency of p53 immunostaining in asbestos-associated mesotheliomas and non-asbestos-associated mesotheliomas. Histopathology 22:383–386.
   Google Scholar
• Metcalf, R. A., Welsh, J. A., Bennett, W. P., Seddon, M. B., Lehman, T. A., Pelin, K., Linnainmaa, K., Tammilehto, L., Mattson, K., Gerwin, B. I., and Harris, C. C. 1992. p53 and Kirsten-ras mutations in human mesothelioma cell lines. Cancer Res. 52:2610–2615.
   Google Scholar
• Minamoto, T., Mai, M., and Ronai, Z. 1999. Environmental factors as regulators and effectors of multipstep carcinogenesis. Carcinogenesis 20:519–527.
   Google Scholar
• Mossman, B. T., Faux, S., Janssen, Y., Jimenez, L. A., Timblin, C., Zanella, C., Goldberg, J., Walsh, E., Barchowsky, A., and Driscoll, K. 1997. Cell signaling pathways elicited by asbestos. Environ. Health Perspect. 105(suppl. 5):1121–1125.
   Google Scholar
• Murthy, S. S., and Testa, J. R. 1999. Asbestos, chromosomal deletions, and tumor suppressor gene alterations in human malignant mesothelioma. J. Cell Physiol. 180:150–157.
   Google Scholar
• Nelson, H. H., Wiencke, J. K., Gunn, L., Wain, J. C., Christiani, D. C., and Kelsey, K. T. 1998. Chromosome 3p14 alterations in lung cancer: Evidence that FHIT exon deletion is a target of tobacco carcinogens and asbestos. Cancer Res. 58:1804–1807.
   Google Scholar
• Schauer, I. E., Siriwardana, S., Langan, T. A., and Sclafani, R. A. 1994. Cyclin D1 overexpression vs. retinoblastoma inactivation: Implications for growth control evasion in non-small cell and small cell lung cancer. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91:7827–7831.
   Google Scholar
• Sekido, Y., Pass, H. I., Bader, S., Mew, D. J. Y., Christman, M. F., Gazdar, A. F., and Minna, J. D. 1995. Neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) gene is somatically mutated in mesothelioma but not in lung cancer. Cancer Res. 55:1227–1231.
   Google Scholar
• Shapiro, G. I., Park, J. E., Edwards, C. D., Mao, L., Merlo, A., Sidransky, D., Ewen, M. E., and Rollins, B. J. 1995. Multiple mechanisms of p16INK4A inactivation in non-small cell lung cancer cell lines. Cancer Res. 55:6200–6209.
   Google Scholar
• Swafford, D. S., Nikula, K. J., Mitchell, C. E., and Belinsky, S. A. 1995. Low frequency of alterations in p53, K-ras, and mdm2 in rat lung neoplasms induced by diesel exhaust or carbon black. Carcinogenesis 16:1215–1221.
   Google Scholar
• Testa, J. R., Carbone, M., Hirvonen, A., Khalili, K., Krynska, B., Linnainmaa, K., Pooley, F. D., Rizzo, P., Rusch, V., and Xiao, G.-H. 1998. A multi-institutional study confirms the presence and expression of simian virus 40 in human malignant mesotheliomas. Cancer Res. 58:4505–4509.
   Google Scholar
• Vallyathan, V., and Shi, X. 1997. The role of oxygen free radicals in occupational and environmental lung disease. Environ. Health Perspect. 105(suppl. 1): 165–177.
   Google Scholar
• Varley, J. M., Evans, D. G. R., and Birch, J. M. 1997. Li-Fraumeni syndrome—A molecular and clinical review. Br. I. Cancer 76:1–14.
   Google Scholar
• Wang, X., Christiani, D. C., Wiencke, J. K., Rischbein, M., Xy, X., Cheng, J. J., Mark, E., Wain, J. C., and Kelsey, K. T. 1995. Mutations in the p53 gene in lung cancer are associated with cigarette smoking and asbestos exposure. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prevent. 4:543–548.
   Google Scholar
• Wistuba, I. I., Behrens, C., Milchgrub, S., Bryant, D., Hung, J., Minna, J. D., and Gazdar, A. F. 1999. Sequential molecular abnormalities are involved in the multistage development of squamous cell lung carcinoma. Oncogene 18:643–650.
   Google Scholar
• Wu, X. F., Gu, J., Amost, C. I., Jian, H., Hong, W. K., and Spitz, M. R. 1998. A parallel in vitro sensitivity to benzo(a)pyrene diol expoxide and bleomycin in lung carcinoma cases and controls. Cancer 83:1118–1127.
   Google Scholar
• Xiao, S., Li, D., Vijg, J., Sugarbaker, D. J., Corson, J. M., and Fletcher, J. A. 1995. Codeletion of p15 and p16 in primary malignant mesothelioma. Oncogene 11:511–515.
   Google Scholar