References
- Aggarwal, B. B., Kohr, W. J., Hass, P. E., Moffat, B., Spencer, S. A., Henzel, W. J., Bringman, T. S., Nedwin, G. E., Goeddel, D. V., and Harkins, R. N. 1985. Human tumor necrosis factor. Production, purification, and characterization. J. Biol. Chem. 260(4):2345–2354.
- Bessho, T., Roy, R., Yamamoto, K., Kasai, H., Nishimura, S., Tano, K., and Mitra, S 1993. Repair of 8-hydroxyguanine in DNA by mammalian N-methylpurine-DNA glycosylase. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sei. USA 90(19):8901–8904.
- Bruch, J., Rehn, B., Song, H., Gono, E., and Malkusch, W. 1993. Toxicological investigations on silicon carbide. 1. Inhalation studies. Br. J. Ind. Med. 50(9):797–806.
- Bruch, J., Gono, E., Malkusch, W., and Rehn, B. 1994. Improved method for quantitative analysis of lung surfactant phospholipids in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids by high-performance liquid chromatography. Clin. Chim. Acta 231:193–204.
- Cerutti, P., Gosh, R., Oya, P., and Amstad, P. 1994. The role of the cellular antioxidant defense in oxidant carcinogesis. Environ. Health Perspect. 102(10):123–129.
- Cerutti, P. A. 1994. Oxy-radicals and cancer. Lancet 344:862–863.
- Demple, B., and Harrison, L. 1994. Repair of oxidative damage to DNA: Enzymology and biology. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 63:915–948.
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. 1999. Kristallines Siliciumdioxid (Quartz, Cristobalit und Tridimit), ed. H. Greim, 28 Ifg. ed., vol. 10, Toxikologisch-arbeitsmedizinische Begründungen von MAK-Werten, Ordner 10: Staubarten. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH.
- Driscoll, K. E., Carter, J. M., Howard, B. W., Hassenbein, D. G., Pepelko, W., Baggs, R. B., and Oberdorster, G. 1996. Pulmonary inflammatory, chemokine, and mutagenic responses in rats after subchronic inhalation of carbon black. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 136(2):372–380.
- Driscoll, K. E., Deyo, L. C., Carter, J. M., Howard, B. W., Hassenbein, D. G., and Bertram, T. A. 1997. Effects of particle exposure and particle-elicited inflammatory cells on mutation in rat alveolar epithelial cells. Carcinogenesis 18:423–430.
- Feig, D. I., Reid, T. M., and Loeb, L. A. 1994. Reactive oxygen species in tumorigenesis. Cancer Res. (Suppl.) 54:1890s-1894s.
- Floyd, R. A. 1990. The role of 8-hydroxyguanine in carcinogenesis. Carcinogenesis 11:1447–1450.
- Folch, J., Lees, M., and Stanley, G. H. S. 1957. A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipids from animal tissues. J. Biol. Chem. 226:497–509.
- Ho, Y. S., Magnenat, J. L., Gargano, M., and Cao, J. 1998. The nature of antioxidant defense mechanisms: A lesson from transgenic studies. Environ. Health Perspect. 106(suppl. 5):1219–1228.
- IARC. 1997. Silica, some silicates, coal dust and para-amid fibrils. IARC Monogr. Eval. Carcinogen. Risks Hum. 68. Lyon: IARC Press.
- Jackson, J. H. 1994. Potential molecular mechanisms of oxidant-induced carcinogenesis. Environ. Health Perspect. 102(suppl. 10): 155–158.
- Jaruga, P., and Dizdaroglu, M. 1996. Repair of products of oxidative DNA base damage in human cells. Nucleic Acids Res. 24:1389–1394.
- Kamiya, H., Miura, H., Murata-Kamiya, N., Ishikawa, H., Sakaguchi, T., Inoue, H., Sasaki, T., Masutani, C., Hanaoka, F., Nishimura, S. 1995. 8-Hydroxyadenine (7,8-dihydro-8-oxoadenine) induces misincorporation in in vitro DNA synthesis and mutations in NIH 3T3 cells. Nucleic Acids Res. 23(15):2893–2899.
- Kawada, H., Horiuchi, T., Shannon, J. M., Kuroki, Y., Voelker, D. R., and Mason, R.J. 1989. Alveolar type II cells, surfactant protein A (SP-A), and the phospholipid components of surfactant in acute silicosis in the rat. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 140(2):460–470.
- Knaapen, A. M. Seiler, F., Schilderman, P. A., Nehls, P., Bruch, J., Schins, R. P., and Borm, P. J. 1999. Neutrophils cause oxidative DNA damage in alveolar epithelial cells. Free Radical Biol. Med. 27(1–2):234–240.
- Lowry, O. H., Rosenbrough, N. J., Farr, A. L., and Randall, R. J. 1951. Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J. Biol. Chem. 193:265–275.
- Malkusch, W., Rehn, B., and Bruch, J. 1995. Advantages of sirius red staining for quantitative morphometric collagen measurements in lungs. Exp. Lung Res. 21:67–77.
- Muhle, H., Takenaka, S., Mohr, U., Dasenbrock, C., and Mermelstein, R. 1989. Lung tumor induction upon long-term low-level inhalation of crystalline silica. Am. J. Ind. Med. 15(3):343–346.
- Nehls, P., Seiler, F., Rehn, B., Greferath, R., and Bruch, J. 1997. Formation and persistence of ROS-induced DNA modifications in lung cells as important determinants for tumor formation following particle exposure. Environ. Health Perspect. 105(suppl. 5):1291–1296.
- Robinson, P. C., Watters, L. C., King, T. E., and Mason, R. J. 1988. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 137:585–591.
- Seiler, F., Kirstein, U., Eberle, G., Hochleitner, K., and Rajewsky, M. F. 1993. Quantification of specific DNA O-alkylation products in individual cells by monoclonal antibodies and digital imaging of intensified nuclear fluorescence. Carcinogenesis 14(9):1907–1913.
- Yamano, Y., Kagawa, J., Hanaoka, T., Takahashi, T., Kasai, H., Tsugane, S., and Watanabe, S. 1995. Oxidative DNA damage induced by silica in vivo. Environ. Res. 69:102–107.