Stress and Coping Styles are Associated with Severe Fatigue in Medical Students

REFERENCES

• Rab , F , Mamdou , R and Nasir , S . 2008 . Rates of depression and anxiety among female medical students in Pakistan . East Mediterr Health J , 14 : 126 – 133 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Khan , M S , Mahmood , S , Badshah , A , Ali , S U and Jamal , Y . 2006 . Prevalence of depression, anxiety and their associated factors among medical students in Karachi, Pakistan . J Pak Med Assoc , 56 : 583 – 586 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Inam , S N , Saqib , A and Alam , E . 2003 . Prevalence of anxiety and depression among medical students of private university . J Pak Med Assoc , 53 : 44 – 47 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sankey , A , Hill , C M , Brown , J , Quinn , L and Fletcher , A . 2006 . A follow-up study of chronic fatigue syndrome in children and adolescents: symptom persistence and school absenteeism . Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry , 11 : 126 – 138 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Fowler , T , Duthie , P , Thapar , A and Farmer , A . 2005 . The definition of disabling fatigue in children and adolescents . BMC Fam Pract , 6 : 33
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Miike , T , Tomoda , A , Jhodoi , T , Iwatani , N and Mabe , H . 2004 . Learning and memorization impairment in childhood chronic fatigue syndrome manifesting as school phobia in Japan . Brain Dev , 26 : 442 – 447 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Squires , B P . 1989 . Fatigue and stress in medical students, interns and residents: it's time to act! . CMAJ , 140 : 18 – 19 .
   Google Scholar
• Bischoff , S J , De Tienne , K B and Quick , B . 1999 . Effects of ethics stress on employee burnout and fatigue: an empirical investigation . J Health Hum Serv Adm , 21 : 512 – 532 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bansevicius , D , Westgaard , R H and Jensen , C . 1997 . Mental stress of long duration: EMG activity, perceived tension, fatigue, and pain development in pain-free subjects . Headache , 37 : 499 – 510 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cleare , A J and Wessely , S C . 1996 . Chronic fatigue syndrome: a stress disorder? . Br J Hosp Med , 55 : 571 – 574 .
   Google Scholar
• Van Houdenhove , B , Neerinckx , E Lysens , R . 2001 . Victimization in chronic fatigue syndrome and fibromyalgia in tertiary care: a controlled study on prevalence and characteristics . Psychosomatics , 42 : 21 – 28 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hatcher , S and House , A . 2003 . Life events, difficulties and dilemmas in the onset of chronic fatigue syndrome: a case-control study . Psychol Med , 33 : 1185 – 1192 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sundbom , E , Henningsson , M , Holm , U , Soderbergh , S and Evengard , B . 2002 . Possible influence of defenses and negative life events on patients with chronic fatigue syndrome: a pilot study . Psychol Rep , 91 : 963 – 978 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Theorell , T , Blomkvist , V , Lindh , G and Evengard , B . 1999 . Critical life events, infections, and symptoms during the year preceding chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS): an examination of CFS patients and subjects with a nonspecific life crisis . Psychosom Med , 61 : 304 – 310 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ray , C , Jefferies , S and Weir , W R . 1995 . Life-events and the course of chronic fatigue syndrome . Br J Med Psychol , 68 : 323 – 331 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vgontzas , A N , Bixler , E O and Chrousos , G P . 2006 . Obesity-related sleepiness and fatigue: the role of the stress system and cytokines . Ann N Y Acad Sci , 1083 : 329 – 344 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roy-Byrne , P , Smith , W R , Goldberg , J , Afari , N and Buchwald , D . 2004 . Post-traumatic stress disorder among patients with chronic pain and chronic fatigue . Psychol Med , 34 : 363 – 368 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kang , H K , Natelson , B H , Mahan , C M , Lee , K Y and Murphy , F M . 2003 . Post-traumatic stress disorder and chronic fatigue syndrome-like illness among Gulf War veterans: a population-based survey of 30,000 veterans . c_Am J Epidemiol , 157 : 141 – 148 .
   Google Scholar
• Lipschitz , E L . 2001 . Chronic fatigue syndrome and posttraumatic stress disorder . JAMA , 286 : 916 – 917 .
   Google Scholar
• Lutgendorf , S K , Antoni , M H Ironson , G . 1995 . Physical symptoms of chronic fatigue syndrome are exacerbated by the stress of Hurricane Andrew . Psychosom Med , 57 : 310 – 323 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blakely , A A , Howard , R C , Sosich , R M , Murdoch , J C , Menkes , D B and Spears , G F . 1991 . Psychiatric symptoms, personality and ways of coping in chronic fatigue syndrome . Psychol Med , 21 : 347 – 362 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nater , U M , Wagner , D Solomon , L . 2006 . Coping styles in people with chronic fatigue syndrome identified from the general population of Wichita, KS . J Psychosom Res , 60 : 567 – 573 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cope , H , Mann , A , Pelosi , A and David , A . 1996 . Psychosocial risk factors for chronic fatigue and chronic fatigue syndrome following presumed viral illness: a case-control study . Psychol Med , 26 : 1197 – 1209 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Afari , N , Schmaling , K B , Herrell , R , Hartman , S , Goldberg , J and Buchwald , D S . 2000 . Coping strategies in twins with chronic fatigue and chronic fatigue syndrome . J Psychosom Res , 48 : 547 – 554 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fukuda , K , Straus , S E Hickie , I . 1994 . The chronic fatigue syndrome: a comprehensive approach to its definition and study . Ann Intern Med , 121 : 953 – 959 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mosley , T H , Perrin , S G , Neral , S M , Dubbert , P M , Grothues , C A and Pinto , B M . 1994 . Stress, coping, and well-being among third-year medical students . Acad Med , 69 : 765 – 767 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reeves , W C , Lloyd , A Vernon , S D . 2003 . Identification of ambiguities in the 1994 chronic fatigue syndrome research case definition and recommendations for resolution . BMC Health Serv Res , 3 : 25
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chalder , T , Berelowitz , G Pawlikowska , T . 1993 . Development of a fatigue scale . J Psychosom Res , 37 : 147 – 153 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Demura , S , Kobayashi , H , Sato , S and Nagasawa , Y . 2001 . Examination of validity of the subjective fatigue scale for young adults . Nippon Koshu Eisei Zasshi , 48 : 76 – 84 . (in Japanese)
   Google Scholar
• Endler , N S and Parker , J DA . 1990 . Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS): Manual , Toronto, , Canada : Multi-Health Systems Inc. .
   Google Scholar
• Furukawa , T , Suzuki-Moor , A , Saito , Y and Hamanaka , T . 1993 . Reliability and validity of the Japanese version of the coping inventory for stressful situations (CISS): a contribution to the cross-cultural studies of coping . Seishin Shinkeigaku Zasshi , 95 : 602 – 621 . (in Japanese)
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jaracz , K , Mielcarek , L and Kozubski , W . 2007 . Clinical and psychological correlates of poststroke fatigue: preliminary results . Neurol Neurochir Pol , 41 : 36 – 43 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ray , C , Jefferies , S and Weir , W R . 1997 . Coping and other predictors of outcome in chronic fatigue syndrome: a 1-year follow-up . J Psychosom Res , 43 : 405 – 415 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crofford , L J and Demitrack , M A . 1996 . Evidence that abnormalities of central neurohormonal systems are key to understanding fibromyalgia and chronic fatigue syndrome . Rheum Dis Clin North Am , 22 : 267 – 284 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glaser , R and Kiecolt-Glaser , J K . 1998 . Stress-associated immune modulation: relevance to viral infections and chronic fatigue syndrome . Am J Med , 105 : 35 – 42 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Crofford , L J . 1998 . The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal stress axis in fibromyalgia and chronic fatigue syndrome . Z Rheumatol , 57 : 67 – 71 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ax , S , Gregg , V H and Jones , D . 2001 . Coping and illness cognitions: chronic fatigue syndrome . Clin Psychol Rev , 21 : 161 – 182 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar