Sexual Identity Differences in Health Behaviors and Weight Status among Urban High School Students

References

• Ogden CL, Carroll MD, Lawman HG, et al. Trends in obesity prevalence among children and adolescents in the United States, 1988-1994 through 2013-2014. Jama. 2016;315(21):2292–2299.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cote AT, Harris KC, Panagiotopoulos C, Sandor GGS, Devlin AM. Childhood obesity and cardiovascular dysfunction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013;62(15):1309–1319.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bacha F, Gidding SS. Cardiac abnormalities in youth with obesity and type 2 diabetes. Curr Diab Rep. 2016;16(7):62.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Geel M, Vedder P, Tanilon J. Are overweight and obese youths more often bullied by their peers? A meta-analysis on the relation between weight status and bullying. Int J Obes. 2014;38(10):1263–1267.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Griffiths LJ, Parsons TJ, Hill AJ. Self-esteem and quality of life in obese children and adolescents: a systematic review. Int J Pediatr Obes. 2010;5(4):282–304.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Madowitz J, Knatz S, Maginot T, Crow SJ, Boutelle KN. Teasing, depression and unhealthy weight control behaviour in obese children. Pediatr Obes. 2012;7(6):446–452.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gordon-Larsen P, The NS, Adair LS. Longitudinal trends in obesity in the United States from adolescence to the third decade of life. Obesity. 2010;18(9):1801–1804.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• The NS, Suchindran C, North KE, Popkin BM, Gordon-Larsen P. Association of adolescent obesity with risk of severe obesity in adulthood. JAMA. 2010;304(18):2042–2047.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jensen MD, Ryan DH, Apovian CM, et al. 2013 AHA/ACC/TOS guideline for the management of overweight and obesity in adults: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and The Obesity Society. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014;63(25 Pt B):2985–3023.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davison KK, Birch LL. Childhood overweight: a contextual model and recommendations for future research. Obes Rev. 2001;2(3):159–171.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Speliotes EK, Willer CJ, Berndt SI, et al. Association analyses of 249,796 individuals reveal 18 new loci associated with body mass index. Nat Genet. 2010;42(11):937–948.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Semmler C, Ashcroft J, Van Jaarsveld CHM, Carnell S, Wardle J. Development of overweight in children in relation to parental weight and socioeconomic status. Obesity. 2009;17(4):814–820.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hruby A, Hu FB. The epidemiology of obesity: a big picture. Pharmacoeconomics. 2015;33(7):673–689.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu J-H, Jones SJ, Sun H, Probst JC, Merchant AT, Cavicchia P. Diet, physical activity, and sedentary behaviors as risk factors for childhood obesity: an urban and rural comparison. Child Obes. 2012;8(5):440–448.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bayer O, Nehring I, Bolte G, von Kries R. Fruit and vegetable consumption and BMI change in primary school-age children: a cohort study. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2014;68(2):265–270.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suglia SF, Koenen KC, Boynton-Jarrett R, et al. Childhood and adolescent adversity and cardiometabolic outcomes: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2018;137(5):e15–e28.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patton GC, Sawyer SM, Santelli JS, et al. Our future: a lancet commission on adolescent health and wellbeing. Lancet. 2016;387(10036):2423–2478.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fulton JE, Wang X, Yore MM, Carlson SA, Galuska DA, Caspersen CJ. Television viewing, computer use, and BMI among U.S. children and adolescents. J Phys Act Health. 2009;6(s1):S28–S35.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kaur H, Choi WS, Mayo MS, Harris KJ. Duration of television watching is associated with increased body mass index. J Pediatr. 2003;143(4):506–511.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malik VS, Pan A, Willett WC, Hu FB. Sugar-sweetened beverages and weight gain in children and adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Clin Nutr. 2013;98(4):1084–1102.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pan L, Li R, Park S, Galuska DA, Sherry B, Freedman DS. A longitudinal analysis of sugar-sweetened beverage intake in infancy and obesity at 6 years. Pediatrics. 2014;134(Supplement):S29–S35.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Malik VS, Popkin BM, Bray GA, Despres J-P, Willett WC, Hu FB. Sugar-sweetened beverages and risk of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis. Diabetes Care. 2010;33(11):2477–2483.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brook DW, Zhang C, Brook JS, Finch SJ. Trajectories of cigarette smoking from adolescence to young adulthood as predictors of obesity in the mid-30s. Nicotine Tob Res. 2010;12(3):263–270.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patel M, Kaufman A, Hunt Y, Nebeling L. Understanding the relationship of cigarette smoking trajectories through adolescence and weight status in young adulthood in the United States. J Adolesc Heal. 2017;61(2):163–170.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saarni SE, Pietiläinen K, Kantonen S, Rissanen A, Kaprio J. Association of smoking in adolescence with abdominal obesity in adulthood: a follow-up study of 5 birth cohorts of Finnish twins. Am J Public Health. 2009;99(2):348–354.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang DYC, Lanza HI, Anglin MD. Association between adolescent substance use and obesity in young adulthood: a group-based dual trajectory analysis. Addict Behav. 2013;38(11):2653–2660.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Croezen S, Visscher TLS, ter Bogt NCW, Veling ML, Haveman-Nies A. Haveman-nies a. skipping breakfast, alcohol consumption and physical inactivity as risk factors for overweight and obesity in adolescents: results of the E-MOVO project. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2009;63(3):405–412.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pereira MMC e, Padez CMP, Nogueira HG da SM. Describing studies on childhood obesity determinants by socio-ecological model level: a scoping review to identify gaps and provide guidance for future research. Int J Obes. 2019;43(10):1883–1890.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kumar S, Kelly AS. Review of childhood obesity: from epidemiology, etiology, and comorbidities to clinical assessment and treatment. Mayo Clin Proc. 2017;92(2):251–265.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cooksey-Stowers K, Schwartz MB, Brownell KD. Food swamps predict obesity rates better than food deserts in the United States. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2017;14(11):1–20.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hales CM, Carroll MD, Fryar CD, Ogden CL. Prevalence of obesity among adults and youth: United States, 2015-2016. NCHS Data Brief. 2017;No. 288. https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/databriefs/db288_table.pdf#1. Accessed April 12, 2020.
   Google Scholar
• Austin SB, Nelson LA, Birkett MA, Calzo JP, Everett B. Eating disorder symptoms and obesity at the intersections of gender, ethnicity, and sexual orientation in US high school students. Am J Public Health. 2013;103(2):e16–22.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hadland SE, Austin SB, Goodenow CS, Calzo JP. Weight misperception and unhealthy weight control behaviors among sexual minorities in the general adolescent population. J Adolesc Heal. 2014;54(3):296–303.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Austin SB, Ziyadeh NJ, Corliss HL, et al. Sexual orientation disparities in weight status in adolescence: findings from a prospective study. Obesity. 2009;17(9):1776–1782.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mereish EH, Poteat VP. Let’s get physical: sexual orientation disparities in physical activity, sports involvement, and obesity among a population-based sample of adolescents. Am J Public Health. 2015;105(9):1842–1848.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wood SM, Schott W, Marshal MP, Akers AY. Disparities in body mass index trajetories from adolescence to early adulthood for sexual minority women. J Adolesc Heal. 2017;61(6):722–728.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Daw J, Margolis R, Wright L. Emerging adulthood, emergent health lifestyles: sociodemographic determinants of trajectories of smoking, binge drinking, obesity, and sedentary behavior. J Health Soc Behav. 2017;58(2):181–197.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zou C, Andersen JP. Comparing the rates of early childhood victimization across sexual orientations: heterosexual, lesbian, gay, bisexual, and mostly heterosexual. PLoS One. 2015;10(10):e0139198– 15.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andersen JP, Blosnich J. Disparities in adverse childhood experiences among sexual minority and heterosexual adults: results from a multi-state probability-based sample. PLoS One. 2013;8(1):e54691.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Austin A, Herrick H, Proescholdbell S. Adverse childhood experiences related to poor adult health among lesbian, gay, and bisexual individuals. Am J Public Health. 2016;106(2):314–320.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Isohookana R, Marttunen M, Hakko H, Riipinen P, Riala K. The impact of adverse childhood experiences on obesity and unhealthy weight control behaviors among adolescents. Compr Psychiatry. 2016;71:17–24.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McKelvey LM, Saccente JE, Swindle TM. Adverse childhood experiences in infancy and toddlerhood predict obesity and health outcomes in middle childhood. Child Obes. 2019;15(3):206–215.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Midei AJ, Matthews KA. Interpersonal violence in childhood as a risk factor for obesity: a systematic review of the literature and proposed pathways. Obes Rev. 2011;12(5):e159–e172.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scott KM, Von Korff M, Angermeyer MC. Association of childhood adversities and early-onset mental disorders with adult-onset chronic physical conditions. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2011;68(8):838–844.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burton CM, Marshal MP, Chisolm DJ, Sucato GS, Friedman MS. Sexual minority-related victimization as a mediator of mental health disparities in sexual minority youth: a longitudinal analysis. J Youth Adolescence. 2013;42(3):394–402.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mustanski B, Andrews R, Puckett JA. The effects of cumulative victimization on mental health among lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender adolescents and young adults. Am J Public Health. 2016;106(3):527–533.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tucker JS, Ewing BA, Espelage DL, Green HD, de la Haye K, Pollard MS. Longitudinal associations of homophobic name-calling victimization with psychological distress and alcohol use during adolescence. J Adolesc Heal. 2016; 59(1):110–115.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keenan K, Wroblewski K, Matthews PA, Hipwell AE, Stepp SD. Differences in childhood body mass index between lesbian/gay and bisexual and heterosexual female adolescents: a follow-back study. PLoS One. 2018;13(6):e0196327.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Katz-Wise SL, Jun H-J, Corliss HL, Jackson B, Haines J, Austin SB. Child abuse as a predictor of gendered sexual orientation disparities in body mass index trajectories among U.S. youth from the Growing Up Today Study. J Adolesc Heal. 2014;54(6):730–738.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brener ND, Kann L, Shanklin S, et al. Methodology of the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System–2013. Vol 62. Atlanta, Georgia: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2013.
   Google Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Youth risk behavioral surveillance system overview. https://www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/data/yrbs/overview.htm. Published 2018. Accessed April 12, 2020.
   Google Scholar
• Kann L, McManus T, Harris W, et al. Youth risk behavior surveillance-United States 2017. MMWR Surveill Summ. 2018;67(8):1–479.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiang Y, Reilly-Chammat R, Cooper T, Viner-Brown S. Disparities in health risk behaviors and health conditions among Rhode Island sexual minority and unsure high school students. J School Health. 2018;88(11):803–812.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jordan JN, McElroy JA, Everett KD. Smoking initiation, tobacco product use, and secondhand smoke exposure among general population and sexual minority youth, Missouri, 2011-2012. Prev Chronic Dis. 2014;11:E113.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laska MN, Van Kim NA, Erickson DJ, Lust K, Eisenberg ME, Rosser B. Disparities in weight and weight behaviors by sexual orientation in college students. Am J Public Health. 2015;105(1):111–121.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Birkett M, Russell ST, Corliss HL. Sexual-orientation disparities in school: the mediational role of indicators of victimization in achievement and truancy because of feeling unsafe. Am J Public Health. 2014;104(6):1124–1128.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kahle L. Are sexual minorities more at risk? Bullying victimization among lesbian, gay, bisexual, and questioning youth. J Interpers Violence. 2017.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Physical activity guidelines for school-aged children and adolescents. https://www.cdc.gov/healthyschools/physicalactivity/guidelines.htm. Published 2019. Accessed April 10, 2020.
   Google Scholar
• Pearson N, Biddle S. Sedentary behavior and dietary intake in children, adolescents, and adults. A systematic review. Am J Prev Med. 2011;41(2):178–188.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sisson SB, Shay CM, Broyles ST, Leyva M. Television-viewing time and dietary quality among U.S. children and adults. Am J Prev Med. 2012;43(2):196–200.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• United States Department of Agriculture. All about the fruit group. https://www.choosemyplate.gov/eathealthy/fruits. Published 2018. Accessed April 10, 2020.
   Google Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Defining childhood obesity. https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/childhood/defining.html. Published 2018. Accessed April 10, 2020.
   Google Scholar
• Brener ND, McManus T, Galuska DA, Lowry R, Wechsler H. Reliability and validity of self-reported height and weight among high school students. J Adolesc Heal. 2003;32(4):281–287.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beach LB, Turner B, Felt D, Marro R, Phillips GL. Risk factors for diabetes are higher among non-heterosexual US high-school students. Pediatr Diabetes. 2018;19(7):1137–1110.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith AR, Hawkeswood SE, Bodell LP, Joiner TE. Muscularity versus leanness: an examination of body ideals and predictors of disordered eating in heterosexual and gay college students. Body Image. 2011;8(3):232–236.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kantanista A, Osiński W, Borowiec J, Tomczak M, Król-Zielińska M. Body image, BMI, and physical activity in girls and boys aged 14–16 years. Body Image. 2015;15:40–43.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GLSEN. The Experiences of LGBT Stuedents in School Athletics. New York, NY: GLSEN; 2013.
   Google Scholar
• Sylvia LG, Bernstein EE, Hubbard JL, Keating L, Anderson EJ. Practical guide to measuring physical activity. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2014;114(2):199–208.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thapa K, Kelvin EA. Peer victimization and unhealthy weight control behaviors—The role of intersecting identities among New York City youth. J Urban Health. 2017;94(4):506–513.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Donahue K, Långström N, Lundström S, Lichtenstein P, Forsman M. Familial factors, victimization, and psychological health among sexual minority adolescents in Sweden. Am J Public Health. 2017;107(2):322–328.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Watson RJ, Adjei J, Saewyc E, Homma Y, Goodenow C. Trends and disparities in disordered eating among heterosexual and sexual minority adolescents. Int J Eat Disord. 2017;50(1):22–31.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Calzo JP, Austin SB, Micali N. Sexual orientation disparities in eating disorder symptoms among adolescent boys and girls in the UK. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2018;27(11):1483–1490.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Corliss HL, Rosario M, Birkett MA, Newcomb ME, Buchting FO, Matthews AK. Sexual orientation disparities in adolescent cigarette smoking: intersections with race/ethnicity, gender, and age. Am J Public Health. 2014;104(6):1137–1147.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Corliss HL, Wadler BM, Jun H-J, et al. Sexual-orientation disparities in cigarette smoking in a longitudinal cohort study of adolescents. Nicotine Tob Res. 2013;15(1):213–222.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Talley AE, Hughes TL, Aranda F, Birkett M, Marshal MP. Exploring alcohol-use behaviors among heterosexual and sexual minority adolescents: intersections with sex, age, and race/ethnicity. Am J Public Health. 2014;104(2):295–303.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Phillips G, Turner B, Salamanca P, et al. Victimization as a mediator of alcohol use disparities between sexual minority subgroups and sexual majority youth using the 2015 National Youth Risk Behavior Survey. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2017;178(May):355–362.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Katz-Wise SL, Blood EA, Milliren CE, et al. Sexual orientation disparities in BMI among U.S. adolescents and young adults in three race/ethnicity groups. J Obes. 2014; 2014:1–8.
   Google Scholar
• Richmond TK, Walls CE, Austin SB. Sexual orientation and bias in self-reported BMI. Obesity. 2012;20(8):1703– 1715.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Institute of Medicine. The Health of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender People: Building a Foundation for Better Understanding. Washington D.C.: National Academies Press; 2011.
   Google Scholar
• Hafeez H, Zeshan M, Tahir MA, Jahan N, Naveed S. Health care disparities among lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender youth: a literature review. Cureus. 2017;9(4):e1184
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pistella J, Ioverno S, Russell ST. The role of peer victimization, sexual identity, and gender on unhealthy weight control behaviors in a representative sample of Texas youth. Int J Eat Disord. 2019;52(5):597–601.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. Recommendations for promoting the health and well-being of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender adolescents: a position paper of the society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. J Adolesc Heal. 2013;52(4):506–510.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knopf JA, Finnie RKC, Peng Y, et al. School-based health centers to advance health equity: a community guide systematic review. Am J Prev Med. 2016;51(1):114–126.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garbers S, Heck CJ, Gold MA, Santelli JS, Bersamin M. Providing culturally competent care for LGBTQ youth in school-based health centers: a needs assessment to guide quality of care improvements. J Sch Nurs. 2018;34(6):424–429.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hatzenbuehler ML, Pachankis JE. Stigma and minority stress as social determinants of health among lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender youth: research evidence and clinical implications. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2016;63(6):985–997.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. LGBT youth. https://www.cdc.gov/lgbthealth/youth.htm. Published 2017. Accessed April 1, 2020.
   Google Scholar
• Hatzenbuehler ML, Birkett M, Van Wagenen A, Meyer IH. Protective school climates and reduced risk for suicide ideation in sexual minority youths. Am J Public Health. 2014;104(2):279–286.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coulter RWS, Birkett M, Corliss HL, Hatzenbuehler ML, Mustanski B, Stall RD. Associations between LGBTQ-affirmative school climate and adolescent drinking behaviors. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2016;161(1):340–347.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gray LA, Alava MH, Kelly MP, Campbell MJ. Family lifestyle dynamics and childhood obesity: evidence from the millennium cohort study. BMC Public Health. 2018;18(1):500.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ghosh-Dastidar B, Cohen D, Hunter G, et al. Distance to store, food prices, and obesity in urban food deserts. Am J Prev Med. 2014;47(5):587–595.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kristensen AH, Flottemesch TJ, Maciosek MV, et al. Reducing childhood obesity through U.S. federal policy: a microsimulation analysis. Am J Prev Med. 2014;47(5):604–612.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar