1,173
Views
32
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

An institutional perspective of public policy and network effects in the renewable energy industry: enablers or disablers of entrepreneurial behaviour and innovation?Footnote

, &
Pages 126-156 | Received 19 Apr 2015, Accepted 13 Oct 2015, Published online: 24 Nov 2015

References

  • Acquaah, M. 2007. “Managerial Social Capital, Strategic Orientation, and Organizational Performance in an Emerging Economy.” Strategic Management Journal 28 (12): 1235–1255.10.1002/(ISSN)1097-0266
  • AGEB. 2015. “AG Energiebilanzen E.V.: Stromerzeugung Nach Energieträgern 1990–2014.” Accessed July 24, 2015. http://ag-energiebilanzen.de/
  • Ahlstrom, D., G. D. Bruton, and K. S. Yeh. 2008. “Private Firms in China: Building Legitimacy in an Emerging Economy.” Journal of World Business 43 (4): 385–399.10.1016/j.jwb.2008.03.001
  • Albers, S., and O. Götz. 2006. “Messmodelle Mit Konstrukten Zweiter Ordnung in Der Betriebswirtschaftlichen Forschung.” Die Betriebswirtschaft 66 (6): 669–677.
  • Aldrich, H. E., and C. M. Fiol. 1994. “Fools Rush in? The Institutional Context of Industry Creation.” Academy of Management Review 19 (4): 645–670.
  • Auh, S., and B. Menguc. 2005. “Balancing Exploration and Exploitation: The Moderating Role of Competitive Intensity.” Journal of Business Research 58 (12): 1652–1661.10.1016/j.jbusres.2004.11.007
  • Barney, J. 1991. “Firm Resources and Sustained Competitive Advantage.” Journal of Management 17 (1): 99–120.10.1177/014920639101700108
  • Battilana, J., B. Leca, and E. Boxenbaum. 2009. “How Actors Change Institutions: Towards a Theory of Institutional Entrepreneurship.” The Academy of Management Annals 3 (1): 65–107.10.1080/19416520903053598
  • Calantone, R. J., K. Chan, and A. S. Cui. 2006. “Decomposing Product Innovativeness and Its Effects on New Product Success.” Journal of Product Innovation Management 23 (5): 408–421.10.1111/jpim.2006.23.issue-5
  • Chin, W. 1998. “The Partial Least Squares Approach to Structural Equation Modeling.” In Modern Methods for Business Research, edited by G. Marcoulides, 295–335. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
  • Chin, W., B. L. Marcolin, and P. R. Newsted. 2003. “A Partial Least Squares Latent Variable Modeling Approach for Measuring Interaction Effects: Results from a Monte Carlo Simulation Study and an Electronic-mail Emotion/Adoption Study.” Information Systems Research 14 (2): 189–217.10.1287/isre.14.2.189.16018
  • Christensen, C. M. 2006. The Innovator’s Dilemma: When New Technologies Cause Great Firms to Fail. Boston, MA: Harvard Business Press.
  • Covin, J. G., and G. T. Lumpkin. 2011. “Entrepreneurial Orientation Theory and Research: Reflections on a Needed Construct.” Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 35 (5): 855–872.10.1111/etap.2011.35.issue-5
  • Covin, J. G., and D. P. Slevin. 1989. “Strategic Management of Small Firms in Hostile and Benign Environments.” Strategic Management Journal 10 (1): 75–87.10.1002/(ISSN)1097-0266
  • Covin, J. G., and D. P. Slevin. 1991. “A Conceptual Model of Entrepreneurship as Firm Behavior.” Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 16 (1): 7–25.
  • Covin, J. G., and W. J. Wales. 2012. “The Measurement of Entrepreneurial Orientation.” Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 36 (4): 677–702.10.1111/etap.2012.36.issue-4
  • Deephouse, D. L. 1999. “To Be Different, or to Be the Same? It’s a Question (and Theory) of Strategic Balance.” Strategic Management Journal 20 (2): 147–166.10.1002/(ISSN)1097-0266
  • del Rio González, P., and C. Peñasco. 2014. “Innovation Effects of Support Schemes for Renewable Electricity.” Universal Journal of Renewable Energy 2: 45–66.
  • Delmas, M., and M. W. Toffel. 2004. “Stakeholders and Environmental Management Practices: An Institutional Framework.” Business Strategy and the Environment 13 (4): 209–222.10.1002/(ISSN)1099-0836
  • Dickson, P., and K. Weaver. 2008. “The Role of the Institutional Environment in Determining Firm Orientations towards Entrepreneurial Behavior.” International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal 4 (4): 467–483.10.1007/s11365-008-0088-x
  • DiMaggio, P., and W. W. Powell. 1991. “Introduction.” In The New Institutionalism in Organizational Analysis, edited by P. DiMaggio and W. W. Powell, 1–40. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  • DiMaggio, P. J., and W. W. Powell. 1983. “The Iron Cage Revisited: Institutional Isomorphism and Collective Rationality in Organizational Fields.” American Sociological Review 48 (2): 147–160.10.2307/2095101
  • Doblinger, C., and B. Soppe. 2013. “Change-actors in the U.S. Electric Energy System: The Role of Environmental Groups in Utility Adoption and Diffusion of Wind Power.” Energy Policy 61 (10): 274–284.10.1016/j.enpol.2013.07.028
  • Edler, J.. 2013. Review of Policy Measures to Stimulate Private Demand for Innovation. Concepts and Effects. London: NESTA.
  • Edquist, C., and L. Hommen. 2000. “Public Technology Procurement and Innovation Theory.” In Public Technology Procurement and Innovation, edited by C. Edquist, L. Hommen and L. Tsipouri, 5–70. Boston, MA: Kluwer Academic Publishers.10.1007/978-1-4615-4611-5
  • Eisenhardt, K. M., and J. A. Martin. 2000. “Dynamic Capabilities: What Are They?” Strategic Management Journal 21 (10–11): 1105–1121.10.1002/(ISSN)1097-0266
  • Engau, C., and V. Hoffmann. 2011. “Corporate Response Strategies to Regulatory Uncertainty: Evidence from Uncertainty about Post-Kyoto Regulation.” Policy Sciences 44 (1): 53–80.10.1007/s11077-010-9116-0
  • Falk, R. F., and N. B. Miller. 1992. A Primer for Soft Modeling. Akron, OH: University of Akron Press.
  • Fornell, C., and F. L. Bookstein. 1982. “Two Structural Equation Models: LISREL and PLS Applied to Consumer Exit-voice Theory.” Journal of Marketing Research 19 (4): 440–452.10.2307/3151718
  • Fornell, C., and D. F. Larcker. 1981. “Evaluating Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error.” Journal of Marketing Research 18 (1): 39–50.10.2307/3151312
  • Foster, R., and S. Kaplan. 2001. Creative Destruction. Why Companies That Are Built to Last Underperform the Market and How to Successfully Transform Them. New York, NY: Currency.
  • Garcia, R., and R. Calantone. 2002. “A Critical Look at Technological Innovation Typology and Innovativeness Terminology: A Literature Review.” Journal of Product Innovation Management 19 (2): 110–132.10.1016/S0737-6782(01)00132-1
  • Gatignon, H., and J.-M. Xuereb. 1997. “Strategic Orientation of the Firm and New Product Performance.” Journal of Marketing Research 34 (1): 77–90.10.2307/3152066
  • Geletkanycz, M. A., and D. C. Hambrick. 1997. “The External Ties of Top Executives: Implications for Strategic Choice and Performance.” Administrative Science Quarterly 42 (4): 654–681.10.2307/2393653
  • Granovetter, M. 1985. “Economic Action and Social Structure: The Problem of Embeddedness.” American Journal of Sociology 91 (3): 481–510.10.1086/ajs.1985.91.issue-3
  • Gulati, R. 1998. “Alliances and Networks.” Strategic Management Journal 19 (4): 293–317.10.1002/(ISSN)1097-0266
  • Helm, R., and S. Landschulze. 2013. “How Does Consumer Age Affect the Desire for New Products and Brands? A Multi-group Causal Analysis.” Review of Managerial Science 7 (1): 29–59.10.1007/s11846-011-0072-7
  • Helm, R., O. Mauroner, and M. Dowling. 2010. “Innovation as Mediator between Entrepreneurial Orientation and Spin-off Venture Performance.” International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business 11 (4): 472–491.10.1504/IJESB.2010.036298
  • Heugens, P. P. M. A. R., and M. W. Lander. 2009. “Structure! Agency! (and Other Quarrels): A Meta-analysis of Institutional Theories of Organization.” Academy of Management Journal 52 (1): 61–85.10.5465/AMJ.2009.36461835
  • Hoffmann, V. H., T. Trautmann, and J. Hamprecht. 2009. “Regulatory Uncertainty: A Reason to Postpone Investments? Not Necessarily.” Journal of Management Studies 46 (7): 1227–1253.10.1111/joms.2009.46.issue-7
  • Hoppmann, J., M. Peters, M. Schneider, and V. H. Hoffmann. 2013. “The Two Faces of Market Support: How Deployment Policies Affect Technological Exploration and Exploitation in the Solar Photovoltaic Industry.” Research Policy 42 (4): 989–1003.10.1016/j.respol.2013.01.002
  • Huggins, R., and A. Johnston. 2010. “Knowledge Flow and Inter-firm Networks: The Influence of Network Resources, Spatial Proximity and Firm Size.” Entrepreneurship & Regional Development 22 (5): 457–484.
  • Hult, G. T. M., R. F. Hurley, and G. A. Knight. 2004. “Innovativeness: Its Antecedents and Impact on Business Performance.” Industrial Marketing Management 33 (5): 429–438.10.1016/j.indmarman.2003.08.015
  • Jacobsson, S., and A. Bergek. 2004. “Transforming the Energy Sector: The Evolution of Technological Systems in Renewable Energy Technology.” Industrial & Corporate Change 13 (5): 815–849.
  • Jacobsson, S., and V. Lauber. 2006. “The Politics and Policy of Energy System Transformation – Explaining the German Diffusion of Renewable Energy Technology.” Energy Policy 34 (3): 256–276.10.1016/j.enpol.2004.08.029
  • Jaffe, A. B., R. G. Newell, and R. N. Stavins. 2002. “Environmental Policy and Technological Change.” Environmental and Resource Economics 22 (1–2): 41–70.10.1023/A:1015519401088
  • Jarzabkowski, P. 2008. “Shaping Strategy as a Structuration Process.” Academy of Management Journal 51 (4): 621–650.
  • Jaworski, B. J., and A. K. Kohli. 1993. “Market Orientation: Antecedents and Consequences.” Journal of Marketing 57 (3): 53–70.10.2307/1251854
  • Kalantaridis, C., and D. Fletcher. 2012. “Entrepreneurship and Institutional Change: A Research Agenda.” Entrepreneurship & Regional Development 24 (3–4): 199–214.
  • Keil, M., B. C. Y. Tan, K.-K. Wei, T. Saarinen, V. Tuunainen, and A. Wassenaar. 2000. “A Cross-cultural Study on Escalation of Commitment Behavior in Software Projects.” MIS Quarterly 24 (2): 299–325.10.2307/3250940
  • Kemp, R., and S. Pontoglio. 2011. “The Innovation Effects of Environmental Policy Instruments – A Typical Case of the Blind Men and the Elephant?” Ecological Economics 72: 28–36.10.1016/j.ecolecon.2011.09.014
  • Kreiser, P. M. 2011. “Entrepreneurial Orientation and Organizational Learning: The Impact of Network Range and Network Closure.” Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 35 (5): 1025–1050.10.1111/etap.2011.35.issue-5
  • Kreiser, P. M., L. D. Marino, P. Dickson, and K. M. Weaver. 2010. “Cultural Influences on Entrepreneurial Orientation: The Impact of National Culture on Risk Taking and Proactiveness in SMEs.” Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 34 (5): 959–983.10.1111/j.1540-6520.2010.00396.x
  • Lechner, C., M. Dowling, and I. Welpe. 2006. “Firm Networks and Firm Development: The Role of the Relational Mix.” Journal of Business Venturing 21 (4): 514–540.10.1016/j.jbusvent.2005.02.004
  • Lechner, C., and C. Leyronas. 2012. “The Competitive Advantage of Cluster Firms: The Priority of Regional Network Position over Extra-regional Networks – A Study of a French High-Tech Cluster.” Entrepreneurship & Regional Development 24 (5–6): 457–473.
  • Lewin, K. 1951. Field Theory in Social Science. New York: Harper & Row.
  • Li, H., and K. Atuahene-Gima. 2001. “Product Innovation Strategy and the Performance of New Technology Ventures in China.” Academy of Management Journal 44 (6): 1123–1134.10.2307/3069392
  • Li, Y., H. Guo, Y. Liu, and M. Li. 2008. “Incentive Mechanisms, Entrepreneurial Orientation, and Technology Commercialization: Evidence from China’s Transitional Economy.” Journal of Product Innovation Management 25 (1): 63–78.
  • Lohmöller, J.-B. 1989. Latent Variable Path Modeling with Partial Least Squares. Heidelberg: Physica-Verlag.10.1007/978-3-642-52512-4
  • Loiter, J. M., and V. Norberg-Bohm. 1999. “Technology Policy and Renewable Energy: Public Roles in the Development of New Energy Technologies.” Energy Policy 27 (2): 85–97.10.1016/S0301-4215(99)00013-0
  • Low, M. B., and E. Abrahamson. 1997. “Movements, Bandwagons, and Clones: Industry Evolution and the Entrepreneurial Process.” Journal of Business Venturing 12 (6): 435–457.10.1016/S0883-9026(97)00001-3
  • Lubatkin, M. H., Z. Simsek, Y. Ling, and J. F. Veiga. 2006. “Ambidexterity and Performance in Small- to Medium-sized Firms: The Pivotal Role of Top Management Team Behavioral Integration.” Journal of Management 32 (5): 646–672.10.1177/0149206306290712
  • Lumpkin, G. T., and G. G. Dess. 1996. “Clarifying the Entrepreneurial Orientation Construct and Linking It to Performance.” Academy of Management Review 21 (1): 135–172.
  • Lumpkin, G. T., and G. G. Dess. 2001. “Linking Two Dimensions of Entrepreneurial Orientation to Firm Performance: The Moderating Role of Environment And Industry Life Cycle.” Journal of Business Venturing 16 (5): 429–451.10.1016/S0883-9026(00)00048-3
  • Lyon, D. W., G. T. Lumpkin, and G. G. Dess. 2000. “Enhancing Entrepreneurial Orientation Research: Operationalizing and Measuring a Key Strategic Decision Making Process.” Journal of Management 26 (5): 1055–1085.10.1177/014920630002600503
  • March, J. G. 1991. “Exploration and Exploitation in Organizational Learning.” Organization Science 2 (1): 71–87.10.1287/orsc.2.1.71
  • Marcus, A., K. Sutcliffe, and S. McEvily. 1994. “Prolonged Gestation: Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Businesses.” Business Strategy and the Environment 3 (2): 68–81.10.1002/(ISSN)1099-0836
  • Marcus, A. A. 1981. “Policy Uncertainty and Technological Innovation.” Academy of Management Review 6 (3): 443–448.
  • McCarthy, B. 2012. “From Fishing and Factories to Cultural Tourism: The Role of Social Entrepreneurs in the Construction of a New Institutional Field.” Entrepreneurship & Regional Development 24 (3–4): 259–282.
  • McDermott, G. A., R. A. Corredoira, and G. Kruse. 2009. “Public–Private Institutions as Catalysts of Upgrading in Emerging Market Societies.” Academy of Management Journal 52 (6): 1270–1296.10.5465/AMJ.2009.47084929
  • McMullen, J. S., and D. A. Shepherd. 2006. “Entrepreneurial Action and the Role of Uncertainty in the Theory of the Entrepreneur.” Academy of Management Review 31 (1): 132–152.10.5465/AMR.2006.19379628
  • Meek, W. R., D. F. Pacheco, and J. G. York. 2010. “The Impact of Social Norms on Entrepreneurial Action: Evidence from the Environmental Entrepreneurship Context.” Journal of Business Venturing 25 (5): 493–509.10.1016/j.jbusvent.2009.09.007
  • Meyer, A. D. 1982. “Adapting to Environmental Jolts.” Administrative Science Quarterly 27 (4): 515–537.10.2307/2392528
  • Meyer, J. W., and B. Rowan. 1977. “Institutionalized Organizations: Formal Structure as Myth and Ceremony.” American Journal of Sociology 83 (2): 340–363.10.1086/ajs.1977.83.issue-2
  • Michael, S. C., and J. A. Pearce. 2009. “The Need for Innovation as a Rationale for Government Involvement in Entrepreneurship.” Entrepreneurship & Regional Development 21 (3): 285–302.
  • Miller, D. 1983. “The Correlates of Entrepreneurship in Three Types of Firms.” Management Science 29 (7): 770–791.10.1287/mnsc.29.7.770
  • Miller, D. 2011. “Miller (1983) Revisited: A Reflection on EO Research and Some Suggestions for the Future.” Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 35 (5): 873–894.10.1111/etap.2011.35.issue-5
  • Murdock, K. A. 2012. “Entrepreneurship Policy: Trade-offs and Impact in the EU.” Entrepreneurship & Regional Development 24 (9–10): 879–893.
  • Nemet, G. F. 2009. “Demand-pull, Technology-push, and Government-led Incentives for Non-incremental Technical Change.” Research Policy 38 (5): 700–709.10.1016/j.respol.2009.01.004
  • Nishimura, J., and H. Okamuro. 2011. “Subsidy and Networking: The Effects of Direct and Indirect Support Programs of the Cluster Policy.” Research Policy 40 (5): 714–727.10.1016/j.respol.2011.01.011
  • Oliver, C. 1991. “Strategic Responses to Institutional Processes.” Academy of Management Review 16 (1): 145–179.
  • Oliver, C. 1997. “Sustainable Competitive Advantage: Combining Institutional and Resource-based Views.” Strategic Management Journal 18 (9): 697–713.10.1002/(ISSN)1097-0266
  • Pacheco, D. F., J. G. York., and T. J. Hargrave. 2014. “The Coevolution of Industries, Social Movements, and Institutions: Wind Power in the United States.” Organization Science 25 (6): 1609–1632.10.1287/orsc.2014.0918
  • Peng, M. W., and Y. Luo. 2000. “Managerial Ties and Firm Performance in a Transition Economy: The Nature of a Micro-macro Link.” Academy of Management Journal 43 (3): 486–501.10.2307/1556406
  • Pérez-Luño, A., J. Wiklund, and R. V. Cabrera. 2011. “The Dual Nature of Innovative Activity: How Entrepreneurial Orientation Influences Innovation Generation and Adoption.” Journal of Business Venturing 26 (5): 555–571.10.1016/j.jbusvent.2010.03.001
  • Podsakoff, P. M., S. B. MacKenzie, J.-Y. Lee, and N. P. Podsakoff. 2003. “Common Method Biases in Behavioral Research: A Critical Review of the Literature and Recommended Remedies.” Journal of Applied Psychology 88 (5): 879–903.10.1037/0021-9010.88.5.879
  • Powell, W. W. 1996. “Commentary on the Nature of Institutional Embeddedness: Labels vs. Explanation.” Advances in Strategic Management 13: 293–300.
  • Powell, W. W., K. W. Koput, and L. Smith-Doerr. 1996. “Interorganizational Collaboration and the Locus of Innovation: Networks of Learning in Biotechnology.” Administrative Science Quarterly 41 (1): 116–145.10.2307/2393988
  • Rauch, A., J. Wiklund, G. T. Lumpkin, and M. Frese. 2009. “Entrepreneurial Orientation and Business Performance: An Assessment of past Research and Suggestions for the Future.” Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 33 (3): 761–787.10.1111/etap.2009.33.issue-3
  • RES Act. 2014. “Act on the Development of Renewable Energy Sources.” Accessed July 26, 2015. http://www.bmwi.de/English/Redaktion/Pdf/renewable-energy-sources-act-eeg-2014,property=pdf,bereich=bmwi2012,sprache=en,rwb=true.pdf
  • Ribeiro-Soriano, D., and M.-Á. Galindo-Martín. 2012. “Government Policies to Support Entrepreneurship.” Entrepreneurship & Regional Development 24 (9–10): 861–864.
  • Ringle, C., S. Wende, and A. Will. 2005. “SmartPLS 2.0 (Beta).” Accessed February 10, 2014. http://www.smartpls.de
  • Salavou, H., and S. Lioukas. 2003. “Radical Product Innovations in SMEs: The Dominance of Entrepreneurial Orientation.” Creativity & Innovation Management 12 (2): 94–108.
  • Sarstedt, M., J. Henseler, and C. M. Ringle. 2011. “Multigroup Analysis in Partial Least Squares (PLS) Path Modeling: Alternative Methods and Empirical Results.” Advances in International Marketing 22: 195–218.
  • Scott, W. R. 2008. Institutions and Organizations: Ideas and Interests. Vol. 3. Los Angeles, CA: Sage.
  • Simsek, Z., C. Heavey, and J. F. Veiga. 2010. “The Impact of CEO Core Self-evaluation on the Firm’s Entrepreneurial Orientation.” Strategic Management Journal 31 (1): 110–119.10.1002/smj.v31:1
  • Sine, W. D., and R. J. David. 2003. “Environmental Jolts, Institutional Change, and the Creation of Entrepreneurial Opportunity in the US Electric Power Industry.” Research Policy 32 (2): 185–207.10.1016/S0048-7333(02)00096-3
  • Sine, W. D., H. A. Haveman, and P. S. Tolbert. 2005. “Risky Business? Entrepreneurship in the New Independent-power Sector.” Administrative Science Quarterly 50 (2): 200–232.
  • Singh, J. V., D. J. Tucker, and R. J. House. 1986. “Organizational Legitimacy and the Liability of Newness.” Administrative Science Quarterly 31 (2): 171–193.10.2307/2392787
  • Slater, S. F., and J. C. Narver. 1995. “Market Orientation and the Learning Organization.” Journal of Marketing 59 (3): 63–74.10.2307/1252120
  • Smallbone, D., and F. Welter. 2012. “Entrepreneurship and Institutional Change in Transition Economies: The Commonwealth of Independent States, Central and Eastern Europe and China Compared.” Entrepreneurship & Regional Development 24 (3–4): 215–233.
  • Stam, W., and T. Elfring. 2008. “Entrepreneurial Orientation and New Venture Performance: The Moderating Role of Intra- and Extraindustry Social Capital.” Academy of Management Journal 51 (1): 97–111.10.5465/AMJ.2008.30744031
  • Suchman, M. C. 1995. “Managing Legitimacy: Strategic and Institutional Approaches.” Academy of Management Review 20 (3): 571–610.
  • Talke, K., S. Salomo, and A. Kock. 2011. “Top Management Team Diversity and Strategic Innovation Orientation: The Relationship and Consequences for Innovativeness and Performance.” Journal of Product Innovation Management 28 (6): 819–832.10.1111/jpim.2011.28.issue-6
  • Tan, J. 1996. “Regulatory Environment and Strategic Orientations in a Transitional Economy: A Study of Chinese Private Enterprise.” Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 21 (1): 31–46.
  • Teece, D. J., G. Pisano, and A. Shuen. 1997. “Dynamic Capabilities and Strategic Management.” Strategic Management Journal 18 (7): 509–533.10.1002/(ISSN)1097-0266
  • Tolbert, P. S., R. J. David, and W. D. Sine. 2011. “Studying Choice and Change: The Intersection of Institutional Theory and Entrepreneurship Research.” Organization Science 22 (5): 1332–1344.10.1287/orsc.1100.0601
  • Utterback, J. M. 1994. Mastering the Dynamics of Innovation: How Companies Can Seize Opportunities in the Face of Technological Change. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press.
  • Uzzi, B. 1997. “Social Structure and Competition in Interfirm Networks: The Paradox of Embeddedness.” Administrative Science Quarterly 42 (1): 35–67.10.2307/2393808
  • Vittoria, M. P., and G. Lubrano Lavadera. 2014. “Knowledge Networks and Dynamic Capabilities as the New Regional Policy Milieu. A Social Network Analysis of the Campania Biotechnology Community in Southern Italy.” Entrepreneurship & Regional Development 26 (7–8): 594–618.
  • Watson, T. J. 2013. “Entrepreneurship in Action: Bringing Together the Individual, Organizational and Institutional Dimensions of Entrepreneurial Action.” Entrepreneurship & Regional Development 25 (5–6): 404–422.
  • Wernerfelt, B. 1984. “A Resource-based View of the Firm.” Strategic Management Journal 5 (2): 171–180.10.1002/(ISSN)1097-0266
  • Westphal, J. D., R. Gulati, and S. M. Shortell. 1997. “Customization or Conformity? An Institutional and Network Perspective on the Content and Consequences of TQM Adoption.” Administrative Science Quarterly 42 (2): 366–394.10.2307/2393924
  • Whittington, K. B., J. Owen-Smith, and W. W. Powell. 2009. “Networks, Propinquity, and Innovation in Knowledge-intensive Industries.” Administrative Science Quarterly 54 (1): 90–122.10.2189/asqu.2009.54.1.90
  • Wiklund, J., and D. Shepherd. 2005. “Entrepreneurial Orientation and Small Business Performance: A Configurational Approach.” Journal of Business Venturing 20 (1): 71–91.10.1016/j.jbusvent.2004.01.001
  • Williams, N., and T. Vorley. 2015. “The Impact of Institutional Change on Entrepreneurship in a Crisis-hit Economy: The Case of Greece.” Entrepreneurship & Regional Development 27 (1–2): 28–49.
  • Wold, H. 1982. “Soft Modeling: The Basic Design and Some Extensions.” In Systems under Indirect Observations: Part II, edited by K. G. Jöreskog and H. Wold, 1–54. Amsterdam: North-Holland.
  • Wooten, M., and A. J. Hoffman. 2008. “Organizational Fields: Past, Present and Future.” In The SAGE Handbook of Organizational Institutionalism, edited by R. Greenwood, C. Oliver, R. Suddaby, and K. Sahlin, 130–148. London: Sage.
  • Yang, H., and G. G. Dess. 2007. “Where Do Entrepreneurial Orientations Come from? An Investigation on Their Social Origin.” In Vol. 10 of Entrepreneurial Strategic Processes: Advances in Entrepreneurship, Firm Emergence and Growth, edited by G. T. Lumpkin and J. A. Katz, 223–247. Greenwhich, CT: JAI Press.10.1016/S1074-7540(07)10009-X
  • Yin, R. K. 2009. Case Study Research: Design and Methods. 4th ed. Los Angeles, CA: Sage.
  • Zhou, K. Z., C. K. Yim, and D. K. Tse. 2005. “The Effects of Strategic Orientations on Technology- and Market-based Breakthrough Innovations.” Journal of Marketing 69 (2): 42–60.10.1509/jmkg.69.2.42.60756

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.