Osteoporosis from the Perspective of a General Internist

References

• Marcus R: Clinical review 76: the nature of osteoporosis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1996; 81: 1–5.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Orwoll ES, Bauer DC, Vogt TM, Fox KM: Axial bone mass in older women: study of Osteoporotic Fractures Research Group. Ann Intern Med 1996; 124: 187–196.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levin RM: Osteoporosis: prevention is key to management. Geriatrics 1993; 48 (Suppl 1): 18–24.
   Google Scholar
• Avioli LV, Repa-Eschen L: Increasing osteoporosis screening referrals. Applied Radiology 1988;April.
   Google Scholar
• Kannus P, Parkkari J, Sievanen H, Heinoen A, Vuori I, Jarvinen M: Epidemiology of hip fractures. Bone 1996; 18: S57–S63.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Melton LJ III, Chrischilles EA, Cooper C, Lane AW, Riggs BL: Perspective: how many women have osteoporosis? J Bone Miner Res 1992; 7: 1005–1010.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Black DM: Why elderly women should be screened and treated to prevent osteoporosis. Am J Med 1995; 98 (Suppl 2A): 67–75.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Melton LJ III: How many women have osteoporosis now? J Bone Miner Res 1995; 10: 175–177.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang SO, Hagiwara S, Engelke K, Dhillon MS, Guglielmi G, Bendavid EJ, Soejima O, Nelson DL, Genant HK: Radiographic absorptiometry for bone mineral measurement of the phalanges: precision and accuracy study. Radiology 1994; 192: 857–859.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kanis JA, Melton LJ III, Christiansen C, Johnston CC, Khaltaev N: The diagnosis of osteoporosis. J Bone Miner Res 1994; 9: 1137–1147.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dequeker J, Westhovens R: Osteoporosis: a matter of concern to rheumatology. Scand J Rheumatol 1995; 24: 130–134.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fitch A: Osteoporosis: it's not inevitable. The Female Patient 1996;(Suppl): 11–15.
   Google Scholar
• Kleerekoper M: The impact of managed care on the prevention of osteoporotic fractures. Menopause Management 1996: 13–15.
   Google Scholar
• Lindsay R: Prevention of osteoporosis. Prev Med 1994; 23: 722–726.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carmichael KA, Carmichael DH: Bone metabolism and osteopenia in eating disorders. Medicine 1995; 74: 254–267.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rubin SM, Cummings SR: Results of bone densitometry affect women's decisions about taking measures to prevent fractures. Ann Intern Med 1992; 116: 990–995.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Colditz GA, Hankinson SE, Hunter DJ, Willett WC, Manson JE, Stampfer MJ, Hennekens C, Rosner B, Speizer FE: The use of estrogens and progestins and the risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women. N Engl J Med 1995; 332: 1589–1593.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Civitelli R, Gonnelli S, Zacchei F, Bigazzi S, Vattimo A, Avioli LV, Gennari C: Bone turnover in post menopausal osteoporosis: effect of calcitonin treatment. J Clin Invest 1988; 82: 1268–1274.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wimalawansa SJ: Combined therapy with estrogen and etidronate has an additive effect on bone mineral density in the hip and vertebrae: four year randomized study. Am J Med 1995; 99: 36–42.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bauer DC, Browner WS, Cauley JA, Orwoll ES, Scott JC, Black DM, Tao JL, Cummings SR: Factors associated with appendicular bone mass in older women: the study of Osteoporotic Fractures Research Group. Ann Intern Med 1993; 118: 657–665.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Snow-Harter CM: Bone health and prevention of osteoporosis in active and athletic women. Clinical Sports Medicine 1994; 13: 389–404.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feicht CB, Johnson TS, Martin BJ, Sparkes KE, Wagner WW Jr: Secondary amenorrhea in athletes. Lancet 1978; 2: 1145–1146.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cann CE, Martin MC, Genant HK, Jaffe RB: Decreased spinal mineral content in amenorrheic women. JAMA 1984; 251: 626–629.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Drinkwater BL, Nilson K, Chestnut CH III, Bremner WJ, Shainholtz S, Southworth MB: Bone mineral content of amenorrheic and eumenorrheic athletes. N Engl J Med 1984; 311: 277–281.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Voss L, Fadale P, Hulstyn M: Osteoporosis in young, athletic women. The Journal of Musculoskeletal Medicine 1966; 13 (6): 15–22.
   Google Scholar
• Snow CM: Exercise and bone mass in young and perimenopausal women. Bone 1996; 18 (Suppl 1): 51–55.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar