- Cooper RL, Ramesh A, Radix AE, et al. Affirming and inclusive care training for medical students and residents to reducing health disparities experienced by sexual and gender minorities: a systematic review. Transgen Health. 2022. doi:10.1089/trgh.2021.0148.
- Nolan IT, Blasdel G, Dubin SN, Goetz LG, Greene RE, Morrison SD. Current state of transgender medical education in the United States and Canada: update to a scoping review. J Med Educ Curric Dev. 2020;7:2382120520934813. doi:10.1177/2382120520934813.
- Obedin-Maliver J, Goldsmith ES, Stewart L, et al. Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender-related content in undergraduate medical education. JAMA. 2011;306(9):971–977. doi:10.1001/jama.2011.1255.
- Liang JJ, Gardner IH, Walker JA, Safer JD. Observed deficiencies in medical student knowledge or transgender and intersex health. Endocr Pract. 2017;23(8):897–906. doi:10.4158/EP171758.OR.
- Reisner SL, Hughto JM, Dunham EE, et al. Legal protections in public accommodations settings: a critical public health issue for transgender and gender-nonconforming people. Milbank Q. 2015;93(3):484–515. doi:10.1111/1468-0009.12127.
- Streed CG Jr, McCarthy EP, Haas JS. Association between gender minority status and self-reported physical and mental health in the United States. JAMA Intern Med. 2017;177(8):1210–1212. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2017.1460.
- Herbst JH, Jacobs ED, Finlayson TJ, McKleroy VS, Neumann MS, Crepaz N, HIV/AIDS prevention research synthesis team. Estimating HIV prevalence and risk behaviors of transgender persons in the United States: a systematic review. AIDS Behav. 2008;12(1):1–17. doi:10.1007/s10461-007-9299-3.
- Radix A, Sevelius J, Deutsch MB. Transgender women, hormonal therapy and HIV treatment: a comprehensive review of the literature and recommendations for best practices. J Int AIDS Soc. 2016;19(3):20810. doi:10.7448/IAS.19.3.20810.
- Operario D, Nemoto T. HIV in transgender communities: syndemic dynamics and a need for multicomponent interventions. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2010;55(Suppl 2):S91–S93. doi:10.1097/QAI.0b013e3181fbc9ec.
- Clements-Nolle K, Marx R, Guzman R, Katz M. HIV prevalence, risk behaviors, health care use, and mental health status of transgender persons: implications for public health intervention. Am J Public Health. 2001;91(6):915–921. doi:10.2105/AJPH.91.6.915.
- Rubin R. Minimizing health disparities among LGBT patients. JAMA. 2015;313(1):15–17. doi:10.1001/jama.2014.17243.
- Kessler SJ. The medical construction of gender: case management of intersex infants. Signs. 1990;16(1):3–26. doi:10.1086/494643.
- Liu M, Sandhu S, Keuroghlian AS. Achieving the triple aim for sexual and gender minorities. N Engl J Med. 2022;387(4):294–297. doi:10.1056/NEJMp2204569.
- Malina S, Warbelow S, Radix AE. Two steps back – rescinding transgender health protections in risky times. N Engl J Med. 2020;383(21):e116. doi:10.1056/NEJMp2024745.
- Click IA, Mann AK, Buda M, et al. Transgender health education for medical students. Clin Teach. 2020;17(2):190–194. doi:10.1111/tct.13074.
- Dubin SN, Nolan IT, Streed CG Jr, Greene RE, Radix AE, Morrison SD. Transgender health care: improving medical students’ and residents’ training and awareness. Adv Med Educ Pract. 2018;9:377–391. doi:10.2147/AMEP.S147183.
- Sequeira GM, Chakraborti C, Panunti BA. Integrating lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) content into undergraduate medical school curricula: a qualitative study. Ochsner J. 2012;12(4):379–382.
- Mandap M, Carrillo S, Youmans SL. An evaluation of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) health education in pharmacy school curricula. Curr Pharm Teach Learn. 2014;6(6):752–758. doi:10.1016/j.cptl.2014.08.001.
- Lim F, Johnson M, Eliason M. A national survey of faculty knowledge, experience, and readiness for teaching lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender health in baccalaureate nursing programs. Nurs Educ Perspect. 2015;36(3):144–152. doi:10.5480/14-1355.
- Dowshen N, Nguyen GT, Gilbert K, Feiler A, Margo KL. Improving transgender health education for future doctors. Am J Public Health. 2014;104(7):e5–e6. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2014.301978.
- Park JA, Safer JD. Clinical exposure to transgender medicine improves students’ preparedness above levels seen with didactic teaching alone: a key addition to the Boston University model for teaching transgender healthcare. Transgen Health. 2018;3(1):10–16. doi:10.1089/trgh.2017.0047.
- Sanchez NF, Rabatin J, Sanchez JP, Hubbard S, Kalet A. Medical students’ ability to care for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgendered patients. Fam Med. 2006;38(1):21–27.
- Mason-Suares H, Sweetser DA, Lindeman NI, Morton CC. Training the future leaders in personalized medicine. J Pers Med. 2016;6(1):1. doi:10.3390/jpm6010001.
Trends in transgender healthcare curricula in graduate medical education
Reprints and Corporate Permissions
Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?
To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:
Academic Permissions
Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?
Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:
If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.
Related research
People also read lists articles that other readers of this article have read.
Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine.
Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations.
Articles with the Crossref icon will open in a new tab.