A note on vitamin a activity of ß‐carotene in broilers

References

• Anonymous . 1977 . “ Vitamin A coating = biological efficiency of two different forms on chickens ” . In Société de Chimie Organique et Biologique France Reference: General 512, October 1977, Commentary
   Google Scholar
• Blomhoff , R. , Green , H. , Green , J. B. , Berg , T. and Norum , K. R. 1991 . Vitamin A metabolism: new perspectives on absorption, transport, cellular uptake, and storage . Physiol. Rev. , 71 : 951 – 990 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bondi , A. and Sklan , D. 1984 . Vitamin A and carotene in animal nutrition . Food Nutr. Sci. , 8 : 165 – 191 .
   Google Scholar
• Brubacher , G. B. and Weiser , H. 1985 . The Vitamin A activity of ß‐carotene . Intern. J. Vit. Nutr. Res. , 55 : 5 – 15 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Christensen , K. , Daugaard , J. , Henneberg , U. , Hjarde , W. , Jensen , K. and Aalund , O. 1978 . “ Vitamin A and ß‐carotene to cattle ” . In Evaluation of requirements under Danish conditions. 470 , K⊘benhavn, , Denmark : Beretning fra Statens Husdyrbrugsfors⊘g .
   Google Scholar
• Grolier , P. , Agoudavi , S. and Azais‐Braesco , V. 1995 . Comparative bioavailability of diet, oil and emulsion‐based preparations of vitamin A and ß‐carotene in rat . Nutr. Res. , 15 : 1507 – 1516 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hennig , A. , Schöne , F. , Luedke , H. , Panndorf , H. and Geinits , D. 1985 . Untersuchungen zum Vitamin‐A‐Bedarf des wachsenden Schweines. 2. Mitteilung. Der Einfluß der Vitamin‐A‐Versor‐gung auf die Vitamin‐A‐Konzentration der Leber und des Plasmas von Ferkeln und Mastschweine . Arch. Tierernähr. , 35 : 19 – 31 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hoppe , P. P. , Schöner , F. J. and Frigg , M. 1992 . Effects of dietary retinol on hepatic retinol storage and on plasma and tissue α‐tocopherol in pigs . Internat. J. Vit. Nutr. Res. , 65 : 121 – 129 .
   Google Scholar
• Jensen , S. K. , Jensen , C. , Jakobsen , K. , Engberg , R. M. , Andersen , J. O. , Lauridsen , C. , S⊘rensen , P. , Skibsted , L. H. and Bertelsen , G. 1998 . Supplementation of broiler diets with retinol acetate, ß‐carotene or canthaxanthin: effect on vitamin status and oxidative status of broilers in vivo and on meat stability . Acta Agric. Scand., Sect. A, Animal Sci. , 48 : 28 – 37 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McDowell , L. R. 1989 . “ Vitamins in Animal Nutrition ” . In Comparative Aspects to Human Nutrition , 486 San Diego, , USA : Academic Press, Inc. .
   Google Scholar
• Norum , K. R. and Blomhoff , R. 1992 . McCollum Award Lecture, 1992: Vitamin A absorption, transport, cellular uptake, and storage . Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , 56 : 735 – 744 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NRC . 1994 . Nutrient Requirements of Poultry , 9th ed. , Washington, DC : National Academy of Sciences—National Research Council .
   Google Scholar
• Schöne , F. , Luedke , H. , Hennig , A. , Ochrimenko , W. , Moeckel , P. and Geinitz , D. 1988 . The vitamin A activity of ß‐carotene in growing pigs . Arch. Anim. Nutr. , 38 : 193 – 205 .
   Google Scholar
• Ullrey , D. E. 1972 . Biological availability of fat‐soluble vitamins: vitamin A and carotene . J. Anim. Sci. , 35 : 648 – 657 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Vliet , T. 1996 . Absorption of ß‐carotene and other carotenoids in humans and animal models . Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. , 50 : 32 – 37 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Vliet , T. , Fentener‐van Vlissingen , M. , van Schaik , F. and van den Berg , H. 1996 . ß‐carotene absorption and cleavage in the rat is affected by the vitamin A status . J. Nutr. , 126 : 499 – 508 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar