Rooting characteristics and turfgrass quality of three bermudagrass cultivars and a zoysiagrass

References

• Baldwin , C. M. , Liu , H. , McCarty , L. B. , Luo , H. , Wells , C. E. and Toler , J. E. 2009 . Impacts of altered light spectral quality on warm-season turfgrass growth under greenhouse conditions . Crop Science , 49 : 1444 – 1453 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beard , J. B. 1973 . Turfgrass: Science and Culture , Prentice-Hall , NJ : Upper Saddle River .
   Google Scholar
• Beard , J. B. 1994 . The water-use rate of turfgrasses . TurfCraft Australia , 39 : 79 – 81 .
   Google Scholar
• Beasley , J. S. and Branham , B. E. 2007 . Trinexapac-ethyl and paclobutrazol affect Kentucky bluegrass single-leaf carbon exchange rates and plant growth . Crop Science , 47 : 132 – 138 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carrow , R. N. and Duncan , R. R. 2003 . Improving drought resistance and persistence in turf-type tall fescue . Crop Science , 43 : 978 – 984 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heringa , J. W. , Groenwold , J. and Schoonderbeek , D. 1980 . An improved method for the isolation and the quantitative measurement of crop roots . Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Science , 28 : 127 – 134 .
   Google Scholar
• Huang , B. 1999 . Water relations and root activities of Buchloe dactyloides and Zoysia japonica in response to localized soil drying . Plant Soil , 208 : 179 – 186 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang , B. 2008 . “ Turfgrass water requirements and factors affecting water usage ” . In Water quality and quantity issues for turfgrass in urban landscapes , Edited by: Beard , J. B. and Kenna , M. P. 193 – 205 . Ames , IA : Council for Agricultural Science and Technology .
   Google Scholar
• Huang , B. , Duncan , R. and Carrow , R. 1997a . Root spatial distribution and activity for seven turfgrasses in response to localized drought stress . International Turfgrass Society Research Journal , 7 : 681 – 690 .
   Google Scholar
• Huang , B. , Duncan , R. and Carrow , R. 1997b . Drought-resistance mechanisms of seven warm-season turfgrasses under surface soil drying: II. Root aspects . Crop Science , 37 : 1863 – 1869 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kennedy , P. B. 1929 . Proliferation in Poa bulbosa . Journal of the American Society of Agronomy , 21 : 80 – 91 .
   Google Scholar
• Kopec , D. M. , Walworth , J. L. , Gilbert , J. L. , Sower , G. M. and Pessarakli , M. 2007 . ‘SeaIsle 2000’ paspalum putting surface response to mowing height and nitrogen fertilizer . Agronomy Journal , 99 : 133 – 140 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krans , J. V. & Morris , K. 2007 . Determining a profile of protocols and standards used in the visual field assessment of turfgrasses: A survey of national turfgrass evaluation program-sponsored university scientists. Applied Turfgrass Science , available at: http://www.plantmanagementnetwork.org/pub/ats/trends/2007/NTEP/ (Accessed 30 December 2011).
   Google Scholar
• Leinauer , B. , Sevostianova , E. , Serena , M. , & Schiavon , M. 2010 . Irrigating turfgrasses with impaired water – possibilities and challenges . Proceedings 2nd European Turfgrass Society Conference , April 11–14 , Angers , France .
   Google Scholar
• Littell , R.C. , Milliken , G.A. , Stroup , W.W. and Wolfinger , R.D. 1996 . SAS system for mixed models , Cary, NC , , USA : SAS Institute .
   Google Scholar
• Macolino , S. , Serena , M. , Leinauer , B. and Ziliotto , U. 2010 . Preliminary findings on the correlation between water-soluble carbohydrate content in stolons and first year green-up of seeded bermudagrass cultivars . HortTechnology , 20 : 758 – 776 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Munshaw , G. C. , Ervin , E. H. , Shang , C. , Askew , S. D. , Zhang , X. and Lemus , R. W. 2006 . Influence of late-season iron, nitrogen, and seaweed extract on fall color retention and cold tolerance of four bermudagrass cultivars . Crop Science , 46 : 273 – 283 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• National Turfgrass Evaluation Program 2011 . A guide to NTEP turfgrass ratings . Available at: http://www.ntep.org/reports/ratings.htm. (Accessed 30 December 2011).
   Google Scholar
• Patton , A. J. , Richardson , M. D. , Richter , D. E. , Boyd , J. W. , Reicher , Z. J. , Fry , J. D. , McEroy , J. S. , & Munshaw , G. C. 2008 . A guide to establishing seeded bermudagrass in the transition zone . Applied Turfgrass Science . Available at: http://www.plantmanagementnetwork.org/pub/ats/guide/2008/bermudagrass/ (Accessed 30 December 2011).
   Google Scholar
• Rimi , F. , Macolino , S. , Leinauer , B. and Ziliotto , U. 2011 . Green-up of seeded bermudagrass cultivars as influenced by spring scalping . HortTechnology , 21 : 230 – 235 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schiavon , M. , Leinauer , B. , Sevastionova , E. , Serena , M. , & Maier , B. 2011 . Warm-season turfgrass quality, spring green-up, and fall color retention under drip irrigation . Applied Turfgrass Science . Available at: http://www.plantmanagementnetwork.org/sub/ats/research/2011/drip/ (Accessed 30 December 2011).
   Google Scholar
• Severmutlu , S. , Mutlu , N. , Shearman , R. C. , Gurbuz , E. , Gulsen , O. , Hocagil , M. , Karaguzel , O. , Heng-Moss , T. , Rirordan , T. P. and Gaussoin , R. E. 2011 . Establishment and turf qualities of warm-season turfgrasses in the Mediterranean region . HortTechnology , 21 : 67 – 81 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sevostianova , E. , Leinauer , B. , Sallenave , R. , Karcher , D. and Maier , B. 2011 . Soil salinity and quality of sprinkler and drip irrigated warm-season turfgrasses . Agronomy Journal , 103 : 1773 – 1784 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shapiro , S. S. and Wilk , M. B. 1965 . An analysis of variance test for normality (complete samples) . Biometrika , 52 : 591 – 611 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shearman , R. C. 1986 . Kentucky bluegrass cultivar evapotranspiration rates . HortScience , 24 : 767 – 769 .
   Google Scholar
• Su , K. , Bremer , D. J. , Keeley , S. J. and Fry , J. D. 2007 . Effects of high temperature and drought on a hybrid bluegrass compared with Kentucky bluegrass and tall Fescue . Crop Science , 47 : 2152 – 2161 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Su , K. , Bremer , D. J. , Keeley , S. J. and Fry , J. D. 2008 . Rooting characteristics and canopy responses to drought of turfgrasses including hybrid bluegrasses . Agronomy Journal , 100 : 949 – 956 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suplick-Ploense , M. R. and Qian , Y. 2005 . Evapotranspiration, rooting characteristics, and dehydration avoidance: Comparisons between hybrid bluegrass and Kentucky bluegrass . International Turfgrass Society Research Journal , 10 : 891 – 898 .
   Google Scholar
• Taiz , L. and Zeiger , E. 1998 . Plant physiology , Sunderland , MA : Sinauer Associates .
   Google Scholar
• Ueno , M. and Yoshihara , K. 1967 . Spring and summer root growth of some temperate-region grasses and summer root growth of tropical grasses . Journal of the British Grassland Society , 22 : 148 – 152 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Volterrani , M. , Magni , S. , Gaetani , M. , De Luca , A. , Croce , P. , & Mocioni , M. 2010 . Bermudagrass evaluation trial in Italy . Proceedings 2nd European Turfgrass Society Conference , April 11–14 , Angers , France .
   Google Scholar