Effects of two sulfated triterpene saponins echinoside A and holothurin A on the inhibition of dietary fat absorption and obesity reduction

References

• Hill JO, Peters JC. Environmental contributions to the obesity epidemic. Science. 1998;280:1371–1374.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gura T. Obesity drug pipeline not so fat. Science. 2003;299:849–852.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Francis G, Kerem Z, Makkar HP, Becker K. The biological action of saponins in animal systems: a review. Br. J. Nutr. 2002;88:587–605.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee SO, Simons AL, Murphy PA, Hendrich S. Soyasaponins lowered plasma cholesterol and increased fecal bile acids in female golden Syrian hamsters. Exp. Biol. Med. 2005;230:472–478.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yoshizumi K, Hirano K, Ando H, Hirai Y, Ida Y, Tsuji T, Tanaka T, Satouchi K, Terao J. Lupane-type saponins from leaves of Acanthopanax sessiliflorus and their inhibitory activity on pancreatic lipase. J. Agric. Food Chem. 2006;54:335–341.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kalinin VI. System-theoretical (holistic) approach to the modelling of structural-functional relationships of biomolecules and their evolution: an example of triterpene glycosides from sea cucumbers (Echinodermata, Holothurioidea). J. Theor. Biol. 2000;206:151–168.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zou ZR, Yi YH, Wu HM, Wu JH, Liaw CC, Lee KH. Intercedensides A-C, three new cytotoxic triterpene glycosides from the sea cucumber Mensamaria intercedens Lampert. J. Nat. Prod. 2003;66:1055–1060.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dong P, Xue CH, Yu LF, Xu J, Chen SG. Determination of triterpene glycosides in sea cucumber (Stichopus japonicus) and its related products by high-performance liquid chromatography. J. Agric. Food Chem. 2008;56:4937–4972.
   Google Scholar
• Birari RB, Bhutani KK. Pancreatic lipase inhibitors from natural sources: unexplored potential. Drug Discov. Today. 2007;12:879–889.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Han LK, Kimura Y, Kawashima M, Takaku T, Taniyama T, Hayashi T, Zheng YN, Okuda H. Anti-obesity effects in rodents of dietary tea saponin, a lipase inhibitor. Int. J. Obesity. 2001;25:1459–1464.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karu N, Reifen R, Kerem Z. Weight gain reduction in mice fed Panax ginseng saponin, a pancreatic lipase inhibitor. J. Agric. Food Chem. 2007;55:2824–2828.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Han LK, Zheng YN, Xu BJ, Okuda H, Kimura Y. Saponins from platycodi radix ameliorate high fat diet-induced obesity in mice. J. Nutr. 2002;132:2241–2245.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu XQ, Li ZJ, Xue Y, Xu J, Xue CH, Wang JF, Wang YM. Dietary saponins of sea cucumber ameliorate obesity, hepatic steatosis, and glucose intolerance in high-fat diet–fed mice. J. Med. Food. 2012;15:1–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dong P. [PhD Thesis]. Studies on the isolation, identification, structure-modification and bioactivities of triterpene glycosides in Pearsonothuria graeffei. Ocean University of China, 2009.
   Google Scholar
• Zapf J, Schoenle E, Waldvogel M, Sand I, Froesch ER. Effect of trypsin treatment of rat adipocytes on biological effects and binding of insulin-like growth factors through the insulin receptor. Eur. J. Biochem. 1981;113:605–609.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hermoso J, Pignol D, Kerfelec B, Crenon I, Chapus C, Fontecilla-Camps JC. Lipase Activation by Nonionic Detergents. The crystal structure of the porcine lipase-colipase-tetraethylene glycol monooctyl ether complex. J. Biol. Chem. 1996;271:18007–18016.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reeves PG. Components of the AIN-93 diets as improvements in the AIN-76A diet. J. Nutr. 1997;127:838S–841S.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Folch J, Lees M, Slane-Stanley GH. A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipids from animal tissues. J. Biol. Chem. 1957;226:497–506.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ros E. Intestinal absorption of triglyceride and cholesterol. Dietary and pharmacological inhibition to reduce cardiovascular risk. Atherosclerosis. 2000;151:357–379.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tanaka K, Nishizono S, Kase A, Ogura S, Kurita M, Murakami T, Kugino K, Matsumoto H, Ikeda I. Effects of dietary black sea cucumber on serum and liver lipid concentrations in rats. J. Jpn. Soc. Nutr. Food Sci. 2003;56:175–179.
   Google Scholar
• Hu XQ, Xu J, Xue Y, Li ZJ, Wang JF, Wang JH, Xue CH, Wang YM. Effects of bioactive components of sea cucumber on the serum, liver lipid profile and lipid absorption. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 2012;76:2214–2218.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang J, Zheng Y, Li X. Effects of saponins from Panax quinquefolium Linne on the metabolism of lipid. J. Jilin Agric. Univ. 2002;24:62–63.
   Google Scholar
• Zheng Y, Liu K, Xu B. Studies on effects of Platycodi Radix on lipid metabolism of mice with high fat diet-induced obesity. J. Jilin Agric. Univ. 2002;24:42–46.
   Google Scholar
• Han LK, Xu BJ, Kimura Y, Zheng YN, Okuda H. Platycodi Radix affects lipid metabolism in mice with high fat diet-induced obesity. J. Nutr. 2000;130:2760–2764.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zao HL, Kim YS. Determination of the kinetic properties of platycodin D for the inhibition of pancreatic lipase using a 1,2-diglyceride-based colorimetric assay. Arch. Pharm. Res. 2004;27:968–972.
   Google Scholar
• Xu BJ, Han LK, Zheng YN, Lee JH, Sung CK. In vitro inhibitory effect of triterpenoidal saponins from platycodi Radix on pancreatic lipase. Arch. Pharm. Res. 2005;28:180–185.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao HL, Sim JS, Shim SH, Ha YW, Kang SS, Kim YS. Antiobese and hypolipidemic effects of platycodin saponins in diet-induced obese rats: evidences for lipase inhibition and calories intake restriction. Int. J. Obesity. 2005;29:983–990.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zheng Q, Koike K, Han LK, Okuda H, Nikaido T. New biologically active triterpenoid saponins from Scabiosa tschiliensis. J. Nat. Prod. 2004;67:604–613.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Han LK, Zheng YN, Yoshikawa M, Okuda H, Kimura Y. Anti-obesity effects of chikusetsusaponins isolated from Panax japonicus rhizomes. BMC Complement. Altern. Med. 2005;5:9–18.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Han LK, Takaku T, Li J, Kimura Y, Okuda H. Anti-obesity action of oolong tea. Int. J. Obesity. 1999;23:98–105.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu XQ, Wang YM, Wang JF. Dietary saponins of sea cucumber alleviated orotic acid-induced fatty liver in rats via PPARα and SREBP-1c signaling. Lipids Health Dis. 2010;9:1–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar